Lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers in the population of the city of Belgrade in the period 1999-2010

Background/Aim. Cancers of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx (LOCP) are frequently grouped together mainly because they have similar risk factors. The incidence rate of these cancers varies worldwide depending on the geographic location. The aim of this study was to determine trends in age-standardized incidence rates of LOCP cancers in the Belgrade population during a 12-year period, from 1999 to 2010. Methods. From The Serbian Cancer Registry (The Registry), we extracted all cases of LOCP cancers registered in Belgrade from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2010. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to define trends and annual percentage change (APC). Results. A total number of 2,025 (1,509 in men and 516 in women) LOCP cancers were reported to the Registry during the study period. The age standardized rate (ASR) for the entire period and for all LOCP cancers, was 6.24 per 100,000 persons (10.35 for men and 2.86 for women). ASR for lip cancers decreased (p < 0.001) during the study period with APC of -8.4%. The ASR for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers increased (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Our results show a significantly decreasing trend of the incidence rate for lip cancers in the population of the city of Belgrade between 1999 and 2010. On the contrary, the incidence of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers increased for both men and women.

Download Full-text

Influences of reopening businesses and social venues: COVID-19 incidence rate in East Texas county

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268821000121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 149 ◽

Author(s):

Tuan D. Le ◽

Michele Bosworth ◽

Gerald Ledlow ◽

Tony T. Le ◽

Jeffrey Bell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Incidence Rate ◽

Interrupted Time Series ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

Social Settings ◽

Texas County ◽

Texas Health ◽

Time Series Analyses ◽

Potential Impact

Abstract As the on-going severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic, we aimed to understand whether economic reopening (EROP) significantly influenced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence. COVID-19 data from Texas Health and Human Services between March and August 2020 were analysed. COVID-19 incidence rate (cases per 100 000 population) was compared to statewide for selected urban and rural counties. We used joinpoint regression analysis to identify changes in trends of COVID-19 incidence and interrupted time-series analyses for potential impact of state EROP orders on COVID-19 incidence. We found that the incidence rate increased to 145.1% (95% CI 8.4–454.5%) through 4th April, decreased by 15.5% (95% CI −24.4 −5.9%) between 5th April and 30th May, increased by 93.1% (95% CI 60.9–131.8%) between 31st May and 11th July and decreased by 13.2% (95% CI −22.2 −3.2%) after 12 July 2020. The study demonstrates the EROP policies significantly impacted trends in COVID-19 incidence rates and accounted for increases of 129.9 and 164.6 cases per 100 000 populations for the 24- or 17-week model, respectively, along with other county and state reopening ordinances. The incidence rate decreased sharply after 12th July considering the emphasis on a facemask or covering requirement in business and social settings.

Download Full-text

Trends in the Incidence Rates of Cancer of the Tongue in the City of Belgrade

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis ◽

10.2478/afmnai-2018-0011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 94-104

Author(s):

Vojkan Lazić ◽

Dragan Krasić ◽

Snežana Živković ◽

Miloš Trajković ◽

Slaviša Antić

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Tongue Cancer ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

New Delhi ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Oral Tongue ◽

Floor Of The Mouth ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

The Republic

Abstract Cancers of the oral tongue (OT) and floor of the mouth (FOM) are frequently grouped together as carcinomas of the tongue and floor of the mouth (OTFOM). The incidence rate of these cancers varies worldwide from 0.1/100,000 persons a year for females in Algeria, Chile and Korea to 7.4/100,000 persons a year for men in New Delhi, India. The aim of this study was to analyze the trends in age-standardized incidence rates of oral tongue cancer in the Belgrade population during the period of past 12 years. The data were obtained from the Serbian Cancer Registry (The Registry). Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using the direct standardization method to the world standard population and presented as an incidence rate per 100,000 persons a year. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyze the trends and annual percentage change (APC). The results of the joinpoint regression analysis showed an increasing trend of OT cancers for both genders, with an APC of 4.1% among men and 1.7 % among women. The incidence rate for FOM cancers increased, with an APC of 4.8% among men and 6.8% among women. Our results showed a continuously increasing incidence rate of oral tongue and floor of the mouth carcinoma in the capital of the Republic of Serbia.

Download Full-text

COVID-19 among the inhabitants of the slums in the city of Buenos Aires: a population-based study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e044592

Author(s):

Alejandro Macchia ◽

Daniel Ferrante ◽

Gabriel Battistella ◽

Javier Mariani ◽

Fernán González Bernaldo de Quirós

Keyword(s):

Incidence Rate ◽

Buenos Aires ◽

Reporting System ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Health Reporting ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Slum Dwellers ◽

Integrated Health ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

ObjectiveTo summarise the unfolding of the COVID-19 epidemic among slum dwellers and different social strata in the city of Buenos Aires during the first 20 weeks after the first reported case.DesignObservational study using a time-series analysis. Natural experiment in a big city.SettingPopulation of the city of Buenos Aires and the integrated health reporting system records of positive RT-PCR for COVID-19 tests.ParticipantsRecords from the Argentine Integrated Health Reporting System for all persons with suspected and RT-PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 between 31 January and 14 July 2020.OutcomesTo estimate the effects of living in a slum on the standardised incidence rate of COVID-19, corrected Poisson regression models were used. Additionally, the impact of socioeconomic status was performed using an ecological analysis at the community level.ResultsA total of 114 052 people were tested for symptoms related with COVID-19. Of these, 39 039 (34.2%) were RT-PCR positive. The incidence rates for COVID-19 towards the end of the 20th week were 160 (155 to 165) per 100 000 people among the inhabitants who did not reside in the slums (n=2 841 997) and 708 (674 to 642) among slums dwellers (n=233 749). Compared with the better-off socioeconomic quintile (1.00), there was a linear gradient on incidence rates: 1.36 (1.25 to 1.46), 1.61 (1.49 to 1.74), 1.86 (1.72 to 2.01), 2.94 (2.74 to 3.16) from Q2 to Q5, respectively. Slum dwellers were associated with an incidence rate of 14.3 (13.4 to 15.4).ConclusionsThe distribution of the epidemic is socially conditioned. Slum dwellers are at a much higher risk than the rest of the community. Slum dwellers should not be considered just another risk category but an entirely different reality that requires policies tailored to their needs.

Download Full-text

Increases of suicide rates in Kansas: results from 2009-2018

Journal of Public Mental Health ◽

10.1108/jpmh-04-2020-0027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Jason D. Lloyd ◽

David W. Oakley

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Sex Characteristics ◽

Annual Percentage Change ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Content Type ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the increase in suicide rates for Kansas residents, as well as quantify the difference in suicide rates between men and women across the State of Kansas. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate increases in suicide rates, a joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to calculate the annual percentage change in suicide rates. To evaluate differences between sex characteristics, a one-way analysis of variance was conducted. Findings Results of a joinpoint regression analysis found that the annual percentage change in the suicide rates of Kansas did increase significantly between 2009 and 2018. Furthermore, the rate of suicide increase among women was greater than the suicide rate increases of men. Originality/value The value of this study provides context to the suicide literature that could allow for better local and statewide policy decisions.

Download Full-text

Sex Differences in Time Trends on Incidence Rates of Oropharyngeal and Oral Cavity Cancers in Hong Kong

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/0003489418802287 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 127 (12) ◽

pp. 895-902 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Man Hin Chan ◽

Feng Wang ◽

Wai kong Mang ◽

Lap Ah Tse

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

Oral Cavity Cancer ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Annual Percentage Change ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Oral Cavity Cancers

Objectives: Worldwide studies have shown an increasing trend of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) but a decreasing trend of oral cavity cancers over the past 2 decades, particularly in developed countries with successful tobacco control. This trend has been attributed to the increase in the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated OPSCC. The aim of this study was to examine sex differences in incidence trends of oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancers in Hong Kong from 1983 to 2014. Methods: Using data from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry from 1983 to 2014, age-standardized incidence rates for potentially HPV-associated sites (oropharyngeal) and non-HPV-associated sites (oral cavity) were calculated, stratified by sex and age groups. Joinpoint regression and an age-period-cohort model were used to assess incidence trends. Results: A total of 1,972 cases of oropharyngeal cancer and 7,389 cases of oral cavity cancer were diagnosed from 1983 to 2014. The male/female ratios were 4.16:1 for oropharyngeal cancers and 1.63:1 for oral cavity cancers. A significant increasing trend was observed in oropharyngeal cancers from 1994 to 2014 (average annual percentage change = 2.66, P < .05). In contrast, a significant decreasing trend was observed in oral cavity cancers from 1983 to 1994 (average annual percentage change = −5.36, P < .05). The trends were more significant in men and in patients aged 45 to 69 years. A positive birth cohort effect was observed for oropharyngeal cancer in men. Conclusions: The rising trend of oropharyngeal cancer and decreasing trend of oral cavity cancer in Hong Kong from 1983 to 2014 are consistent with worldwide trends. Increase in high-risk sexual behaviors and oral HPV infection may influence the difference in trends.

Download Full-text

A 2-Year Prospective Study of Injury Epidemiology in Elite Australian Rugby Sevens: Exploration of Incidence Rates, Severity, Injury Type, and Subsequent Injury in Men and Women

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546518825380 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 1302-1311 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Liam A. Toohey ◽

Michael K. Drew ◽

Caroline F. Finch ◽

Jill L. Cook ◽

Lauren V. Fortington

Keyword(s):

Relative Risk ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

High Speed ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Injury Incidence ◽

Surveillance Period ◽

Men And Women ◽

Injury Occurrence ◽

Subsequent Injury

Background: Injuries are common in rugby sevens, but studies to date have been limited to short, noncontinuous periods and reporting of match injuries only. Purpose: To report the injury incidence rate (IIR), severity, and burden of injuries sustained by men and women in the Australian rugby sevens program and to provide the first longitudinal investigation of subsequent injury occurrence in rugby sevens looking beyond tournament injuries only. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Ninety international rugby sevens players (55 men and 35 women) were prospectively followed over 2 consecutive seasons (2015-2016 and 2016-2017). All medical attention injuries were reported irrespective of time loss. Individual exposure in terms of minutes, distance, and high-speed distance was captured for each player for matches and on-field training, with the use of global positioning system devices. The IIR and injury burden (IIR × days lost to injury) were calculated per 1000 player-hours, and descriptive analyses were performed. Results: Seventy-three players (81.1%) sustained 365 injuries at an IIR of 43.2 per 1000 player-hours (95% CI, 38.8-47.8). As compared with male players, female players experienced a lower but nonsignificant IIR (incidence rate ratio, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.73-1.12). Female players also sustained a higher proportion of injuries to the trunk region (relative risk, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.28-2.40) but a lower number to the head/neck region (relative risk, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37-0.93; P = .011). The majority (80.7%) of subsequent injuries were of a different site and nature than previous injuries. A trend toward a reduced number of days, participation time, distance, and high-speed distance completed before the next injury was observed after successive injury occurrence. Conclusion: A trend for a lower IIR was observed for female players compared with male players, with variation of injury profiles observed between sexes. With a surveillance period of 2 years, subsequent injuries account for the majority of injuries sustained in rugby sevens, and they are typically different from previous types of sustained injuries. After each successive injury, the risk profile for future injury occurrence appears to be altered, which warrants further investigation to inform injury prevention strategies in rugby sevens.

Download Full-text

Poverty: socioeconomic characterization at tuberculosis

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692007000700008 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (spe) ◽

pp. 762-767 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Maria de Lourdes Sperli Geraldes Santos ◽

Silvia Helena Figueiredo Vendramini ◽

Claudia Eli Gazetta ◽

Sonia Aparecida Cruz Oliveira ◽

Tereza Cristina Scatena Villa

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Total Variation ◽

Social Factors ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Disease Prevalence ◽

Socioeconomic Factor ◽

Census Tracts ◽

Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽

The City

This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological status of Tuberculosis regarding to the socioeconomic characteristics of São José do Rio Preto between 1998 and 2004. Indexes estimated for 432 urban census tracts from the demographic census of 2000, sorted systematically according to the values of socioeconomic factors and grouped into quartiles were taken into account. The socioeconomic characterization was outlined based on Schooling, Income, and Number of Residents. The incidence rates were considered for 1998, 1999, 2003, and 2004. The socioeconomic factor accounted for 87% of the total variation. The disease prevalence is higher in the poorest areas. The incidence rate and the risk of being infected by TB in the poorest areas declined in 2003 and 2004. The results confirm that TB is determined by the population's living conditions in the city studied. It strengthens the relevance of understanding the TB conditional social factors to transform the worrisome scenario in which this population is inserted.

Download Full-text

Perbedaan Tingkat Kejadian Karies Gigi (DMF-T) antara Laki-Laki dan Perempuan Usia 12-14 Tahun

Dental Therapist Journal ◽

10.31965/dtl.v1i1.355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

Maria Mediatris Mbipa ◽

Mery Novaria Pay ◽

Apri Adiari Manu ◽

Melkisedek O. Nubatonis

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Well Being ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Tooth Decay ◽

Men And Women

Abstract: Differences in the incidence rate of dental caries (DMF-T) between men and women aged 12-14 years. Dental and oral health is the well-being of the oral cavity which enables a person to communicate effectively, enjoy various foods, be confident, and improve a better quality of life. Poor dental and oral health can result in disruption of masticatory function due to tooth malfunction. One form of tooth decay is dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of dental caries (DMF-T) between men and women in children aged 12-14 years at SMPN 10 Kota Kupang. This study uses a descriptive study that describes the incidence of dental caries between men and women aged 12-14 years in SMP Negeri 10 Kota Kupang. A sample of 66 people was taken 100% of the population. The results showed as many as 66 children as respondents consisting of 33 male respondents as many as 18 children affected by caries with very low criteria, while 33 female respondents were only 13 children with moderate criteria. It was concluded that the incidence rate of dental caries in boys was very low and the rate of dental caries in girls was moderate. Abstrak: Perbedaan Tingkat Kejadian Karies Gigi (DMF-T) antara Laki-Laki dan Perempuan Usia 12-14 Tahun. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah kesejahteraan rongga mulut yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif, menikmati berbagai makanan, percaya diri dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya fungsi pengunyahan yang disebabkan karena tidak berfungsinya gigi. Salah satu bentuk dari kerusakan gigi adalah karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kejadian karies gigi (DMF-T) antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada anak usia 12-14 tahun di SMPN 10 Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan tingkat kejadian karies gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan usia 12-14 tahun di SMP Negeri 10 Kota Kupang. Sampel berjumlah 66 orang diambil 100% dari populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 66 anak sebagai responden yang terdiri dari 33 responden laki-laki sebanyak 18 anak terkena karies dengan kriteria sangat rendah, sedangkan 33 responden perempuan hanya 13 anak dengan kriteria sedang. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak laki-laki termasuk kriteria sangat rendah dan tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak perempuan termasuk kriteria sedang. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah kesejahteraan rongga mulut yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif, menikmati berbagai makanan, percaya diri dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya fungsi pengunyahan yang disebabkan karena tidak berfungsinya gigi. Salah satu bentuk dari kerusakan gigi adalah karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kejadian karies gigi (DMF-T) antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada anak usia 12-14 tahun di SMPN 10 Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan tingkat kejadian karies gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan usia 12-14 tahun di SMP Negeri 10 Kota Kupang. Sampel berjumlah 66 orang diambil 100% dari populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 66 anak sebagai responden yang terdiri dari 33 responden laki-laki sebanyak 18 anak terkena karies dengan kriteria sangat rendah, sedangkan 33 responden perempuan hanya 13 anak dengan kriteria sedang. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak laki-laki termasuk kriteria sangat rendah dan tingkat kejadian karies gigi pada anak perempuan termasuk kriteria sedang.

Download Full-text

Abstract 14715: Diabetes and Relative Rates of Cardiovascular Events in Women Compared With Men

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.14715 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Denis Angoulvant ◽

Pierre Henri Ducluzeau ◽

Peggy Renoult Pierre ◽

Gregoire Fauchier ◽

Julien Herbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽

Men And Women ◽

Diabetes Status

Data are inconsistent regarding sex-differences in the relative rates of cardiovascular events associated with diabetes. We aimed to investigate whether diabetes confers higher relative rates of cardiovascular events in women compared with men using contemporary data, and whether these sex-differences depend on age. Methods: All patients seen in French hospitals in 2013 with at least 5 years or follow-up (or dying earlier) without a history major adverse cardiovascular event, were identified and characterized by individual-level linkage of French nationwide administrative registers. They were categorized by diabetes-status and followed-up until 31 December 2019. Using Cox models, we calculated overall and age-dependent incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and women-to-men ratios for myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischemic stroke, or cardiovascular death (MACE-HF). Results: The study included 3,381,472 individuals among whom 482,848 (14.3%) had diabetes (88.1% with type 2 diabetes). Among 482,848 (45% women) patients with diabetes, the absolute rate of MACE-HF was higher in men than in women (9.7 vs. 7.4 per 100 person-years). Corresponding absolute rates in men and women without diabetes were 4.9 vs. 3.1 per 100 person-years. Comparing individuals with and without diabetes, women had higher incidence rate ratio (IRR) of MACE-HF than men (IRR 2.42 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.40-2.44) in women vs. 1.99, 95% CI 1.98-2.01 in men) with a women-to-men ratio (WMR) of 1.22 (CI 1.20-1.23, p<0.001). The IRRs of MACE-HF for diabetes vs no diabetes were highest in women aged 45 and in the youngest men and decreased with advancing age for both men and women, but the IRRs were higher in women across all ages, with the highest WMR between age 45 and 70 years. This effect was more apparent for myocardial infarction (women-to-men ratio 1.43, 95%CI 1.39-1.47 after adjustment) than for ischemic stroke (WMR 1.10, 95%CI 1.07-1.13 after adjustment) or overall MACE-HF (WMR 1.16, 95%CI 1.15-1.18 after adjustment). Conclusion: Although men have higher absolute rates of cardiovascular complications, the relative rates of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes are higher in women than in men across all ages in recent years.

Download Full-text