scholarly journals Identity in different contexts: Traditionalism, modernism and postmodernism

2016 ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Miomirka Lucic
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Traditional Form ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Market Ideology

The paper puts emphasis on the experience of cultural identity through various social contexts: traditionalism, modernism and postmodernism. Special attention is directed towards the analysis of the position of an individual, and the social framework in which that individual creates his/her identity. Analysis of different theoretical approaches reveals that the cultural identity is a category which permanently changes, but we should not lose sight of the fact that there are certain determinants which suggest that cultural identity in traditional, modern and postmodern societies bears certain similarities. In most scientific studies there is a claim that an individual overcame his/her ontological connection to community and dependence on it, and that reflexivity becomes the norm. However, if you go deeper into the essence of social relations you can find that space for individuality and free acting of an individual is freed from heteronomy as a traditional form of behavior, but not freed from the strong influence of market ideology that largely determines and affects human activities. Therefore, an individual more and more consumes what already exits, while less and less acts as an authentic creator. That dependence goes through a metamorphosis, expressing itself in a different form and with different intensity in different social contexts, but does not disappear.

Utopia, Labor, and Informational Capitalism

2015 ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Marco Briziarelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Informational Capitalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Ideology ◽  
Political Economic

Through the lens of a political economic approach, I consider the question whether or not social media can promote social change. I claim that whereas media have consistently channeled technological utopia/dystopia, thus be constantly linked to aspirations and fear of social change, the answer to that question does not depend on their specific nature but on historically specific social relations in which media operate. In the case here considered, it requires examining the social relations re-producing and produced by informational capitalism. More specifically, I examine how the productive relations that support user generated content practices of Facebook users affect social media in their capability to reproduce and transform existing social contexts. Drawing on Fuchs and Sevignani's (2013) distinction between “work” and “labor” I claim that social media reflect the ambivalent nature of current capitalist mode of production: a contest in which exploitative/emancipatory as well as reproductive/transformative aspects are articulated by liberal ideology.

scholarly journals Bourdieu’s theory and the social constructivism of Berger and Luckmann

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-537
Author(s):  
Milos Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

The paper compares Pierre Bourdieu?s sociological approach with the one developed by Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann. The aim of the paper is to identify the complementarities and incongruences of these approaches. The main similarity consists in the intention to ?dialectically? overcome/bridge the gap between ?objectivism? and ?subjectivism? in social theory. Another parallel includes a negative attitude towards the relativistic tendencies of postmodernism. These authors share the thematization of: the body as a locus of social influences, the centrality of language in social life, the social functions of knowledge, and the importance of power in social relations. Differences in theorizing are attributed to the different intellectual, theoretical, and socio-cultural contexts in which these scientists operated. The divergences of these theoretical approaches become evident when one examines the different meaning and significance attached to the concepts of individuation, structure, action, habitus and habitualization, structure of relevance and relation of common-sense and scientific knowledge. Finally, there is a visible difference in political views: Bourdieu was a critic ?from the left,? while Berger and Luckmann were self-proclaimed liberal conservatives.

Functional Approaches

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-200
Author(s):  
J. Lachlan Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Language Typology ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Grammatical Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Spatio Temporal

All functional approaches share the conviction that the structure of languages and their historical development are strongly impacted by the cognitive properties of language users, the social relations between them, and the spatio-temporal and socio-cultural contexts in which they operate. This chapter describes how functionalism has impinged on the study of English grammar and covers the interrelations of discourse and grammar, various corpus- and usage-based approaches, the influence of processing considerations, the hierarchical organization of the clause, information structure, the noun phrase, and the contributions of language typology. The grammatical analysis of English has been enriched by the insight that its structures are bound up with our ability to participate in dialogues, to construct written texts, to surmize the state of mind of our conversational partner, to modulate our formulations to maximize politeness, and to use different registers or dialects in different social contexts.

scholarly journals Instrumental approach towards tradition in the conceptual and social contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Rakhinsky ◽  
Grigorii Andreevich Illarionov ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Gorodishcheva ◽  
Nikolai Alekseevich Knyazev
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Cross Effect ◽  
Instrumental Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Subject

  The subject of this research is the dynamics of conceptualization of the phenomenon of cultural reproduction, expressed in the concepts of tradition and cultural memory, as well as the related concepts of the invention of tradition, historical memory, and post-truth. The article analyzes the transformation of epistemological approach that took place in the late XX century towards reproduction of culture, reflected in the change of the fundamental conceptual metaphor – from “delivery”(traditio) to “memory”, which means a shift in the dominant approach towards the structure of cultural continuum that appears to be attributed not to the objective reproducible content, rather than its construction by the subject. It is suggested to examine the questions of current interrelation between post-truth and public consciousness. The author creates an instrumental approach towards tradition, which is characterized by pragmatism expressed in the intention towards management of social relations, where tradition is a tool for managing the present through the formation of representations about the past, and constructivism, which implies that tradition is a construct of perception formed in the present, not reflecting the past itself. Being internalized in a broad social context, the instrumental approach is realized within the framework of the state of post-truth, which does not consider the past crucial for the formation of public opinion compared to other personal beliefs, as well as management methods applied to the latter. Problematization of the theme of post-truth demonstrates the internalization of instrumental approach into a broad social context, indicating the cross-effect pf epistemological and general cultural social context with regards to problem of interrelation between the social past and the present.  

scholarly journals Sociologiens første århundrede - og det næste

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Göran Therborn
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Place ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social

The First Century of Sociology - and the Next Sociology got many of its first institutions just one century ago - important and still existing journals and departments of sociology were founded in the last de¬cade of the 19th Century. Sociology of the early 20th Century - the period after the classics - was occupied by the origins and rise of capitalism and its evolution and progress. It is important to notice, that all three fundamental conceptions of classical sociology could be, and were, by the classical protagonists themselves, given different meanings and expressed with different accents. The social world was, above all, a world in evolution, a world historically evolved. In this per¬spective, the origins of things socially had an absolutely central place of inte¬rest. The conditions for social relations and how to create and maintain social solidarity were crucial issues among the first generations of sociologists. It was the dynamic of the modernisation pro¬cesses which concerned sociology while its focus was primarily around the soci¬al space of nation-states - its institutions as well as its theoretical approaches were tuned by nationality and were state-bounded. This contrasts strongly with today´s sociology which is globally focusing on variability and communication. By the end of the present century strategy and contingency have replaced evolution and progress as the dominant concepts of sociology. Undestanding and discour¬se seem to be the predominant models of cognition in contemporary sociology. It is in this perspective that social labelling, as a way of grasping and conveying the sense of contemporary world, becomes so central to sociologists of prime-time aspirations. Are we living in post-mo¬dernity, or in reflexive modernity, or perhaps in a second modernity. The repertoire of possible sense-making labels is an indefinite quantity. In this context we would need a critical sociology of bad sociology, and of other bad academic out¬puts, analyzing sloppiness and shallow¬ness as institutional effects, rather than as individual deficiences. Spatially, the practice of sociology has a three-dimensional location - the in¬stitutional space, the stage of performan¬ce and its space of imagination and inve¬stigation. Sociology of this century has been national and European in its approach to the social and society. A global sociology has to turn away from its euro¬centric past and present and to focus mo¬re on global issues such as information technology, capital and social move¬ments analysed in cross-continental perspectives. The paper concludes in a rather optimistic mood emphasizing the huge accummulation of sociological knowledge which has taken place du¬ring its first century. Here can be mentio¬ned recent work on identities - it may be ethnic, sexual or national - studies of in¬stitutionalisation in making political sy¬stems, and new knowledge concerning the dynamics of collective actions and the gendering of social systems as im¬portant achievements which were large¬ly unstated a century ago.

scholarly journals SOCIALIZATSIONAL AND VITAL TRAJECTORIES: INTERPRETATIONS AND MECHANISM OF THE MOVEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Наталья Нятина ◽  
Natalia Nyatina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Maintenance ◽  
Influence Behavior

<p>The article features the interrelation of personal socialization are studied in sociology. The objectives are achieved by addressing the following tasks: consideration of theoretical approaches to understanding of socializational trajectory; analysis of the ratio of vital and socializational trajectories and description of features of the mechanism of a socializational trajectory. The vital trajectory of a person is defined by the social differentiation of society. Many aspects of personal development (social relations, social advance, inclusion in the certainsocial groups, including closed ones, etc.) depend on the social stratum he belongs to and the fact whether the person has an opportunity to influence behavior and consciousness of other people influence. While analyzing a vital trajectory, the researcher has to consider various bases of social differentiation. The article states specifics of socializational trajectory. A socializational trajectory is a graphic representation of development of the personality that reflects the influence of both adaptive and maladaptive practices and the measure of institutional maintenance. The starting points for the analysis of the process of socialization are the personality and the social space in which social interaction is implemented. When creating a socializational trajectory, studying happens from the outside: features of the personality, his or her ability, affirmations and the purpose of development are analyzed</p>

scholarly journals Attachment to Mobile Phones across Social Contexts

2015 ◽  
pp. 222-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burçe Çelik ◽  
Fırat Erdoğmuş
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Literature

This article presents a critical literature review of the major works on mobile phone culture, which examine the whys and wherefores of this technology's popularity in different socio-economic and cultural landscapes. Thus, it focuses particularly on how these multiplicities and varieties have been discussed, analyzed and researched in the existing mobile phone literature. There are different lines of research which can be categorized as following: the major works (mostly empirical studies whose findings are based on fieldwork) that demonstrate the mobile phone's use and instrumental value for people who are physically mobile and need instantaneous and spontaneous connections with others; the works that focus on the social promise of the mobile phone such as providing a means of social acceptance, through implying social status and particular lifestyles to polish one's face and gain recognition in social relations; and finally the studies that emphasize the sensing, affecting and affected, and fantasies of the body and the collective in contemplating the bond between body and mobile phone.

Utopia, Labor, and Informational Capitalism

2019 ◽  
pp. 817-836
Author(s):  
Marco Briziarelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Informational Capitalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Ideology ◽  
Political Economic

Through the lens of a political economic approach, I consider the question whether or not social media can promote social change. I claim that whereas media have consistently channeled technological utopia/dystopia, thus be constantly linked to aspirations and fear of social change, the answer to that question does not depend on their specific nature but on historically specific social relations in which media operate. In the case here considered, it requires examining the social relations re-producing and produced by informational capitalism. More specifically, I examine how the productive relations that support user generated content practices of Facebook users affect social media in their capability to reproduce and transform existing social contexts. Drawing on Fuchs and Sevignani's (2013) distinction between “work” and “labor” I claim that social media reflect the ambivalent nature of current capitalist mode of production: a contest in which exploitative/emancipatory as well as reproductive/transformative aspects are articulated by liberal ideology.

Healing in the Barquinha Religion

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-392
Author(s):  
Christian Frenopoulo
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Santo Daime ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Symbolic Processes ◽  
Living Circumstances

The article focuses on the healing service offered by Barquinha churches. The Barquinha religion is an Amazonian form of Christianity, with syncretic elements. The article surveys three recurrent methodological and theoretical approaches found in anthropological works on healing in the Barquinha religion, to which the author contributes with his own ethnographic research and analysis. On the one hand, analytical emphases are often located on the participants’ subjective and symbolic processes, in association with the ayahuasca experience. Ayahuasca—called Santo Daime by adherents—is the central sacrament of the religion, frequently implied in accounts of healing. Another common focus is on ritual settings and changing bodily dispositions. Thirdly, anthropologists have considered aspects of the social relations involved in the therapeutic process. This paper furthers reflections on social interactions during healing encounters. Such encounters typically involve healer-spirits incorporated in Barquinha spirit-mediums. The author suggests that the healing service may echo symbolic motifs associated with the historical experience of migration and rapidly changing living circumstances shared by many participants.

General Theoretical Approaches to the Concept of “State Property” as an Object of Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Liliia Tymoshchyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction. The basic concept of modern society is the concept of property. It is the basis of social relations – a variety of categories of tangible and intangible objects can be considered as property. This article considers the modern definition of “state property” in the Ukrainian economic literature, and features of the definition of state property as an object of evaluation in its economic content in Ukraine. Purpose. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the main existing in the current economic literature approaches to the valuation of state-owned property. Results. As simple and basic concept “state property” does not have a single clear and comprehensive definition. The article presents three main approaches to it. The interpretations presented in encyclopedic materials, views on state property from the point of view of sociology and philosophy are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the views of domestic economists, who focus on various aspects of the economic content of the concept, considering it as an act of state appropriation of certain objects (S. Mocherny), from the standpoint of the social contract (M. Kamyshanska), with emphasis for the purpose of using property – the realization of national interests (G. Dorofeeva), taking into account the role of state property as the basis of the economy of society (V. Emelyanov) and the primacy of economic relations compared to legal (N. Biryukova). Conclusions. Concluding the article, the author concludes that he adheres to the approach that state property, in contrast to private property is a system of relations regarding the appropriation of goods in the interests of the community and the state as a whole. Thus, state property can be considered as a basis for the development of capital-intensive industries and industries, an economic reserve designed to ensure the development of private and public capital of the nation, private enterprise, and to eliminate the effects of economic crises. State property is also responsible for the material security of public safety, the work of the social sphere and the production of public goods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document