scholarly journals Fungi in the legislation of the Republic of Serbia

Author(s):  
Boris Ivancevic ◽  
Milan Matavulj ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic ◽  
Maja Karaman

Conservation and protection of fungi have lately been considered as extremely important elements of the environmental conservation, and numerous environmental, scientific, medical, economic, cultural, ethical, and other reasons for such attitude exist today. This paper presents an overview of official regulations on the protection of fungi in the Republic of Serbia from the Act of Protection of 1991 until today. The paper lists and analyses the good and bad provisions of individual legal regulations. It registers the effects of the adopted regulations on the actual efficiency of protection of endangered species of fungi (macrofungi, mushrooms), and considers the impact of chronological development of legislation on the population of fungi in nature, and presents general measures to improve protection of mushrooms in the future. These measures primarily include reliable information and study of fungi as a basis for their effective protection based on scientific knowledge.

2013 ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Boris Ivancevic ◽  
Milan Matavulj ◽  
Maja Karaman

In this paper an overview of official regulations on the protection of lichens in the Republic of Serbia is presented, and provisions of individual regulations are analyzed. Also, the effects of adopted regulations on the protection of endangered species of lichens are discussed and general measures to improve the protection of lichens in the future are proposed. Finally, the need for further studies on lichens is suggested as a basis for their effective protection and conservation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Rafał Łyżwa

The issue of environmental protection through criminal law is primarily associated with the fight against the most serious attacks on the environment. The progressive degradation of natural ecosystems, which is an important consequence of the development of human civilisation, has shown that one of the most important challenges of modern man is to provide the environment with adequate and effective protection. It should be emphasized that although the main burden of such protection is implemented through administrative law and to a lesser degree through civil law instruments, the use of criminal law in environmental protection as an ultima ratio of this protection has proved to be absolutely necessary. Legal regulations regarding the criminal law protection of the environment in Poland have gone a long way in terms of development. It should be emphasized, however, that the shape and development of criminal law protection of the environment in Poland has been significantly influenced by European legislation, which was obviously related to Poland’s accession to the European Union in 2004 and international law, in particular the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, signed on March 3, 1973 in Washington, DC, and the Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, which was opened for signature in Basel on March 22, 1989. The article presents the most important issues related to the impact of European and international law on the development of environmental protection through criminal law in Poland.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Maja Ivanović-Đukić ◽  
Marija Petrović-Ranđelović ◽  
Miljana Talić

The paper investigates the impact of different factors on the establishment and development of social enterprises (SPs). The aim of this paper is to identify the key stimulants and restrictions of development of SPs in the Republic of Serbia, and to propose measures, the application of which can increase their long-term sustainability. The paper is based on exploratory research using data covering 27 interviews with founders of social enterprises in the Republic of Serbia. By applying the methods of regression analysis, it was found that favorable financial resources (especially grants) are the key stimulants for the establishment of social enterprises, while the enthusiasm of managers of social enterprises has the greatest impact on their development. It was found also that legal regulations and the macroeconomic environment, as well as difficulties in accessing the market, are serious restrictions on the establishment of social enterprises, while lack of knowledge in the field of marketing and management limit the development of social enterprises in the Republic of Serbia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177
Author(s):  
Lidia Prisac

The article reveals the historiographical approach of Transnistrian separatism in the works of pro-separatist authors, Russian and those publicized in the Eastern part of the Republic of Moldova. The author presents the works that appeared until 2005. As it is ascertained, researchers dwell upon the Transnistrian separatism problem from the position of the environment they were rooted in, projecting their research results on the present and the future, or out of the need to aliment and decode their identity, to feed their imagination. The pro-separatist historiography includes the same ideas regarding the MSSR history. This means nothing but “the translation” of the past into present or the mechanic and passionate protection of the present into the past, the positive or negative capitalization of historical events, or decline in the run of deformation and fabrication in pro-separatist historiography was produced due to an ideological approach of the Transnistrian problem. Albeit, generally speaking, all authors both from Transnistria and the Russian Federation recognize the impact of the Russian Federation in generating and perpetuating the Transnistrian separatism.


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben P. Nielsen ◽  
C. Michael Bull

The endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard (Tiliqua adelaidensis) is found only in a few remaining patches of South Australian native grassland, most of which are used for live stock grazing. The lizards occupy spider burrows, they mate in October-November and females produce litters of one to four live born neonates in mid-January-mid-March. In this study we use ultrasound scans of females and observations of neonates in their maternal burrows to investigate how grazing affects the fecundity of the pygmy bluetongue lizard. We predicted that lizards in moderately grazed paddocks would have a higher reproductive output than lizards in hard grazed paddocks. Ultrasound scans indicated that this hypothesis was correct by showing a higher mean number of yolk sacs in females from moderately than from hard grazed paddocks. Females from moderately grazed paddocks also gave birth significantly earlier than females in hard grazed paddocks. The higher number of yolk sacs did not result in a significantly higher number of neonates observed in the burrows, which indicates that the weekly burrow observations used in this study may underestimate true fecundity. Understanding how grazing affects the fecundity of the pygmy bluetongue lizard is essential to the future management of this endangered species. This is not only because grazing is used to manage the habitat of all currently known lizard populations, but also because successful reproduction will be needed in those populations to supply the “surplus” individuals predicted to be essential for relocation programs to ensure the survival of the species.


2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 839-846
Author(s):  
Nimetula Ramadani

This paper analyzes the impact of human labor prices, mineral fertilizers, pesticides and oil on future apple production, based on ten-year data from 10 surveyed apple producers in the Republic of North Macedonia. The results showed that the prices of all inputs (except oil) in the future period (until 2029) will rise, and that the value of production will decrease. This, in turn, will directly affect the reduction of surface volume and apple production.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Wasita ◽  
Hartatik ◽  
Nugorho Nur Susanto ◽  
Ida Bagus Putu Prajna Yogi ◽  
Restu Budi Sulistiyo ◽  
...  

Partisipasi dalam kegiatan pelestarian tinggalan arkeologi bisa dilakukan oleh siapa saja, termasuk masyarakat. Namun yang lebih penting dari semua itu adalah partisipasi yang tepat dan tidak akan menimbulkan masalah baru. Penelitian di Tanjungredeb ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kegiatan pelestarian, pandangan setiap pemangku kepentingan tinggalan arkeologi, dan dampaknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Analisisnya dilakukan dengancara menyusun dan mengklasifikasikan data untuk menemukan pola atau tema, agar dapat dipahami maknanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada upaya pelestarian tinggalan arkeologi di lokasi penelitian yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat. Namun demikian, sebagian praktik pelestarian itu tidak sesuai dengan regulasi yang telah ditetapkan, yaitu Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia nomor 11 tahun 2010 tentang Cagar Budaya. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pihak yang berkepentingan dengan tinggalan arkeologi harus segera turun tangan untuk menginformasikan cara pelestarian yang benar. Selain itu, dianggap perlu mengubah cara pandang pelestarian yang belum tepat agar dapat mencegah timbulnya masalah baru di masa depan. Participating in an archaeological heritage preservation can be done by anyone, including the community. However, the most important aspect is appropriate participation that will not cause new problems. The study in Tanjungredeb aimed to find out how the preservation operates, to understand the perspective of each archeological stakeholder, and the impact. This research used a descriptive-analytic method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was done by observations, interviews, and document studies. The analysis was conducted by compiling and classifying data to find patterns or themes; thus, their meaning can be understood. Results of the study indicate that there were efforts to preserve archeological remains in the study areas by governments and the communities. However, some preservation practises do not comply with the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the parties concerned with archeological remains must immediately mediate to inform the correct method of preservation. Also, it is necessary to change imprecise perspectives of preservation to prevent new problematic matters in the future.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216
Author(s):  
Jiejie Sun ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Tongli Wang ◽  
Xiangni Tian ◽  
Xiao He ◽  
...  

The impact of climate change and human activities on endangered plants has been a serious concern in forest ecology. Some Carpinus plants have become extinct. Thus, we need to pay more attention to the Carpinus plants that are not yet extinct but are endangered. Here, we employed the species distribution model (SDM) considering different climate change scenarios and human footprint to test the potential habitat changes of three Carpinus species (C. oblongifolia, C. tientaiensis, and C. purpurinervis) in the future. Our results showed that the mean diurnal range of temperature (MDRT), isothermality, mean temperature of wettest quarter, and human footprint were the most influential factors determining the distribution of C. oblongifolia. Precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation), MDRT, and precipitation of driest quarter were the most important climatic factors affecting C. tientaiensis. The minimum temperature of the coldest month was the most important factor in the distribution of C. purpurinervis. Our results also showed that the three species had different adaptability and habitat change trends under the future climate change scenarios, although they belong to the same genus. The potential habitats of C. oblongifolia would expand in the future, while the potential habitats of C. tientaiensis and C. purpurinervis would decrease for the same period. The predicted changes of these three endangered species on temporal and spatial patterns could provide a theoretical basis for their conservation strategies.


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