scholarly journals Postharvest decay of mandarin fruit in Serbia caused by Penicillium expansum

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Stefan Stosic ◽  
Danijela Ristic ◽  
Svetlana Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Yeast Autolysate ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Taste And Smell ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Yeast Extract Sucrose

Mandarin fruits are one of the most popular among the Citrus genus. They are consumed because of their nutritional and health benefits, as well as pleasant taste and smell. This paper describes the identification and characterization of Penicillium expansum, isolated from molded mandarin fruits. The obtained isolates were cultivated on five media [Czapek Yeast Autolysate agar (CYA), MEA (Malt extract agar), Creatine sucrose agar (CREA), Yeast extract sucrose agar (YES), and Oatmeal agar (OA)] and at five different incubation temperatures (5, 15, 25, 30, and 37 ?C). Isolates were sequenced for two molecular loci: internal transcribed spacer and beta-tubulin. Based on the results from morphological, physiological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses, the recovered isolates were identified as P. expansum. The isolated species was confirmed as pathogenic to mandarin fruits in a pathogenicity test. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. expansum as a postharvest pathogen of mandarin fruit in Serbia.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of Fep15, a new selenocysteine-containing member of the Sep15 protein family

2006 ◽  
Vol 394 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Novoselov ◽  
Deame Hua ◽  
Alexey V. Lobanov ◽  
Vadim N. Gladyshev
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Putative Active Site ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Sequence Elements ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Insertion Sequence Elements

Sec (selenocysteine) is a rare amino acid in proteins. It is co-translationally inserted into proteins at UGA codons with the help of SECIS (Sec insertion sequence) elements. A full set of selenoproteins within a genome, known as the selenoproteome, is highly variable in different organisms. However, most of the known eukaryotic selenoproteins are represented in the mammalian selenoproteome. In addition, many of these selenoproteins have cysteine orthologues. Here, we describe a new selenoprotein, designated Fep15, which is distantly related to members of the 15 kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) family. Fep15 is absent in mammals, can be detected only in fish and is present in these organisms only in the selenoprotein form. In contrast with other members of the Sep15 family, which contain a putative active site composed of Sec and cysteine, Fep15 has only Sec. When transiently expressed in mammalian cells, Fep15 incorporated Sec in an SECIS- and SBP2 (SECIS-binding protein 2)-dependent manner and was targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum by its N-terminal signal peptide. Phylogenetic analyses of Sep15 family members suggest that Fep15 evolved by gene duplication.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0186023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Levin ◽  
Ana Rosa Ballester ◽  
Ginat Raphael ◽  
Oleg Feigenberg ◽  
Yongsheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of a Cellulolytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain SS35 from Rhinoceros Dung

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchi Singh ◽  
Vijayanand S. Moholkar ◽  
Arun Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Gyrase A ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Cellulose hydrolyzing bacteria were isolated from rhinoceros dung and tested for clear zone formation around the colonies on the agar plates containing the medium amended with carboxymethylcellulose as a sole carbon source. Isolates were further screened on the basis of carboxymethylcellulase production in liquid medium. Out of 36 isolates, isolate no. 35 exhibited maximum enzyme activity of 0.079 U/mL and was selected for further identification by using conventional biochemical tests and phylogenetic analyses. This was a Gram-positive, spore forming bacterium with rod-shaped cells. The isolate was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SS35 based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA and gyrase A gene sequences.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a New Fungal Pathogen Causing Twisted Leaf Disease of Sugarcane in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyue Lin ◽  
Jingjing Wei ◽  
Muqing Zhang ◽  
Shiqiang Xu ◽  
Qiang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Sugarcane twisted leaf disease, caused by Phoma sp., was first reported in Guangxi, China, in 2012, when more than 5% of sugarcane was infected in the field. Three single-spore isolates were recovered from symptomatic leaves. Sequences from five fungal loci, 28S nrDNA (LSU), 18S nrDNA (SSU), the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 and 5.8S nrDNA (ITS), β-tubulin (TUB), and the translation elongation factor alpha (TEF-α) were amplified from the disease-associated isolates. The twisted leaf disease pathogen was identified and formally described as Phoma sorghina var. saccharum through phylogenetic analyses, morphological observations, and the pathogenicity of the isolates on sugarcane. P. sorghina var. saccharum can be differentiated from related species based on the morphology of pycnidia and chlamydospores that formed regular, glabrous, papillate ostioles. Chlamydospore-anamorph was unicellular, botryoid-alternarioid shape, as well as the binucleate, frequently branched hyphae. We also showed that mycelial growth of P. sorghina var. saccharum was optimal at pH 4.0 and 20 to 25°C. Additionally, among 13 chemical compounds tested, carbendazim was found to be the most effective in suppressing the radial growth of the fungus. Mycelial growth in vitro was completely inhibited at concentrations of 100 and 50 ppm, and 87.6% of mycelial growth was inhibited at 10 ppm. Carbendazim is therefore a potentially effective fungicide to control this disease in China.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of aquaporin gene family in Beta vulgaris

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilong Kong ◽  
Shaozong Yang ◽  
Yulu Wang ◽  
Mohammed Bendahmane ◽  
Xiaopeng Fu
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Aquaporin Gene ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Aquaporins (AQPs) are essential channel proteins that execute multi-functions throughout plant growth and development, including water transport, uncharged solutes uptake, stress response, and so on. Here, we report the first genome-wide identification and characterization AQP (BvAQP) genes in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), an important crop widely cultivated for feed, for sugar production and for bioethanol production. Twenty-eight sugar beet AQPs (BvAQPs) were identified and assigned into five subfamilies based on phylogenetic analyses: seven of plasma membrane (PIPs), eight of tonoplast (TIPs), nine of NOD26-like (NIPs), three of small basic (SIPs), and one of x-intrinsic proteins (XIPs). BvAQP genes unevenly mapped on all chromosomes, except on chromosome 4. Gene structure and motifs analyses revealed that BvAQP have conserved exon-intron organization and that they exhibit conserved motifs within each subfamily. Prediction of BvAQPs functions, based on key protein domains conservation, showed a remarkable difference in substrate specificity among the five subfamilies. Analyses of BvAQPs expression, by mean of RNA-seq, in different plant organs and in response to various abiotic stresses revealed that they were ubiquitously expressed and that their expression was induced by heat and salt stresses. These results provide a reference base to address further the function of sugar beet aquaporins and to explore future applications for plants growth and development improvements as well as in response to environmental stresses.

Identification and characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with Camellia sinensis anthracnose in Anhui province, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xianghan Li ◽  
YuanYuan Zhou ◽  
Genjia Tan ◽  
Lixin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Colletotrichum Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Recent advances in Colletotrichum taxonomy have led to the need to conduct fresh surveys of Colletotrichum species associated with important crops. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the destructive diseases on Camellia sinensis. In this study, a total of 22 representative Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from diseased leaves of Ca. sinensis cultivated in four tea plantation regions in Anhui province of China. The isolates were identified based on multi-locus (ITS, ACT, CAL, CHS-1, TUB2, GAPDH) phylogenetic analyses, and their morphological characteristics were also analyzed. Twenty-one isolates belonging to C. gloeosporioides complex were identified as C. camelliae, C. fructicola and C. siamense. One isolate belonging to C. boninense complex was identified as C. karstii. Pathogenicity tests revealed that the isolates of C. camelliae and C. fructicola were highly virulent when inoculated on the leaves of detached twigs of Ca. sinensis cv. Shuchazao. Furthermore, it was found that the interspecies virulence was less distinct and individual isolates showed varied virulence when inoculated on different varieties of Ca. sinensis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. fructicola, C. siamense and C. karstii causing anthracnose on Ca. sinensis in Anhui province, China.

scholarly journals Genomic Identification and Expression Analysis of the Cathelicidin Gene Family of the Forest Musk Deer

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Jie ◽  
Xiao ◽  
Zhou ◽  
Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Captive Population ◽  
Musk Deer ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Entire Genome ◽  
Identification And Characterization

The forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) is a small-sized artiodactyl species famous for the musk secreted by adult males. In the captive population, this species is under the threat of infection diseases, which greatly limits the increase of individual numbers. In the present study, we computationally analyzed the repertoire of the cathelicidin (CATHL) family from the genome of forest musk deer and investigated their expression pattern by real-time PCR. Our results showed that the entire genome of forest musk deer encodes eight cathelicidins, including six functional genes and two pseudogenes. Phylogenetic analyses further revealed that all forest musk deer cathelicidin members have emerged before the split of the forest musk deer and cattle and that forest musk deer CATHL3L2 and CATHL9 are orthologous with two cattle pseudogenes. In addition, the gene expression results showed that the six functional genes are not only abundantly expressed in the spleen and lung, but are also differently expressed in response to abscesses, which suggests that forest musk deer cathelicidins may be involved in infections. Taken together, identification and characterization of the forest musk deer cathelicidins provide fundamental data for further investigating their evolutionary process and biological functions.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of Colletotrichum species causing apple bitter rot in New York and description of C. noveboracense sp. nov.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khodadadi ◽  
Jonathan B. González ◽  
Phillip L. Martin ◽  
Emily Giroux ◽  
Guillaume J. Bilodeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Fungicide Sensitivity ◽  
Bitter Rot ◽  
Apple Bitter Rot ◽  
Identification And Characterization

AbstractApple bitter rot caused by Colletotrichum species is a growing problem worldwide. Colletotrichum spp. are economically important but taxonomically un-resolved. Identification of Colletotrichum spp. is critical due to potential species-level differences in pathogenicity-related characteristics. A 400-isolate collection from New York apple orchards were morphologically assorted to two groups, C. acutatum species complex (CASC) and C. gloeosporioides species complex (CGSC). A sub-sample of 44 representative isolates, spanning the geographical distribution and apple varieties, were assigned to species based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of nrITS, GAPDH and TUB2 for CASC, and ITS, GAPDH, CAL, ACT, TUB2, APN2, ApMat and GS genes for CGSC. The dominant species was C. fioriniae, followed by C. chrysophilum and a novel species, C. noveboracense, described in this study. This study represents the first report of C. chrysophilum and C. noveboracense as pathogens of apple. We assessed the enzyme activity and fungicide sensitivity for isolates identified in New York. All isolates showed amylolytic, cellulolytic and lipolytic, but not proteolytic activity. C. chrysophilum showed the highest cellulase and the lowest lipase activity, while C. noveboracense had the highest amylase activity. Fungicide assays showed that C. fioriniae was sensitive to benzovindiflupyr and thiabendazole, while C. chrysophilum and C. noveboracense were sensitive to fludioxonil, pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole. All species were pathogenic on apple fruit with varying lesion sizes. Our findings of differing pathogenicity-related characteristics among the three species demonstrate the importance of accurate species identification for any downstream investigations of Colletotrichum spp. in major apple growing regions.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Characterization of a New Type of Bovine Enterovirus

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 4497-4500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Shaukat ◽  
Mehar Angez ◽  
Muhammad Masroor Alam ◽  
Salmaan Sharif ◽  
Adnan Khurshid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bovine Enterovirus ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Type ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Identification And Characterization

ABSTRACTBovine enteroviruses belong to the familyPicornaviridae. Little is known about their pathogenic potential; however, they cause asymptomatic infections in cattle and are excreted in feces. In the present study, viruses isolated from environmental samples were sequenced. According to phylogenetic analyses and standard picornavirus nomenclature, these isolates constitute a new type of bovine enterovirus serogroup A.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of 33 Bacillus cereus sensu lato Isolates from Agricultural Fields from Eleven Widely Distributed Countries by Whole Genome Sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2028
Author(s):  
Athanasios Zervas ◽  
Marie Rønne Aggerbeck ◽  
Henrietta Allaga ◽  
Mustafa Güzel ◽  
Marc Hendriks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Percent Identity ◽  
Identification And Characterization

The phylogeny, identification, and characterization of 33 B. cereus sensu lato isolates originating from 17 agricultural soils from 11 countries were analyzed on the basis of whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses revealed all isolates are divided into six groups, which follows the generally accepted phylogenetic division of B. cereus sensu lato isolates. Four different identification methods resulted in a variation in the identity of the isolates, as none of the isolates were identified as the same species by all four methods—only the recent identification method proposed directly reflected the phylogeny of the isolates. This points to the importance of describing the basis and method used for the identification. The presence and percent identity of the protein product of 19 genes potentially involved in pathogenicity divided the 33 isolates into groups corresponding to phylogenetic division of the isolates. This suggests that different pathotypes exist and that it is possible to differentiate between them by comparing the percent identity of proteins potentially involved in pathogenicity. This also reveals that a basic link between phylogeny and pathogenicity is likely to exist. The geographical distribution of the isolates is not random: they are distributed in relation to their division into the six phylogenetic groups, which again relates to different ecotypes with different temperature growth ranges. This means that we find it easier to analyze and understand the results obtained from the 33 B. cereus sensu lato isolates in a phylogenetic, patho-type and ecotype-oriented context, than in a context based on uncertain identification at the species level.

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