Fathers in Single-Parent Households are Increasingly Likely to be Young, Never-Married and Low-Income

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
F. Althaus
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Never Married

scholarly journals Housing Workers’ Evaluations of Residential Environmental Quality in South Korean Welfare Housing for Low-Income, Single-Parent Families

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5599
Author(s):  
Minjung Cho
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Family Privacy

This study evaluates the spatial conditions of the residential environment in welfare housing built for low-income, single-parent (LISP) families in South Korea to reveal the significant residential environmental (RE) design criteria concerning housing quality and family well-being. The primary data were analyzed by surveying 30 housing directors from 29 welfare residences, in conjunction with facility visits and interviews. The survey data were supplemented by interviewing 11 stakeholders, including government institute officials, project architects, and former residents who exited the program. A statistical analysis examined the RE quality in relation to building and resident features. Most respondents reported insufficient physical quality, specifically due to inappropriate units in size and number; poor indoor noise control; and substandard unit rooms, children’s rooms, and outdoor spaces. Furthermore, adequate rooms, family privacy, and a pleasant indoor environment (i.e., noise barrier, thermal comfort) were the most critical spatial design criteria. Particularly, the aforementioned housing environmental attributes were found to be different depending on a building’s construction year and type, householder type and age, and children’s age. Practical and methodological implications and future research directions are discussed to elevate the housing quality and sustainable well-being in welfare housing.

scholarly journals Income and Marital Status Interact on Obesity Among Black and White Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155798831982995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryn N. Bell ◽  
Roland J. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
White Men ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
High Income ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Increased Risk

Racial disparities in obesity among men are accompanied by positive associations between income and obesity among Black men only. Race also moderates the positive association between marital status and obesity. This study sought to determine how race, income, and marital status interact on obesity among men. Using data from the 2007 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, obesity was measured as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 among 6,145 Black and White men. Income was measured by percentage of the federal poverty line and marital status was categorized as currently, formerly, or never married. Using logistic regression and interaction terms, the associations between income and obesity were assessed by race and marital status categories adjusted for covariates. Black compared to White (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.03, 1.38]), currently married compared to never married (OR = 1.45, 95% CI [1.24, 1.69]), and high-income men compared to low income men (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.06, 1.50]) had higher odds of obesity. A three-way interaction was significant and analyses identified that income was positively associated with obesity among currently married Black men and never married White men with the highest and lowest probabilities of obesity, respectively. High-income, currently married Black men had higher obesity rates and may be at increased risk for obesity-related morbidities.

P2778Geographic variability in the decline of the incidence of fatal and non-fatal stroke: a statewide study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Kostis ◽  
J Cabrera ◽  
S Zinonos ◽  
W J Kostis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Fatal Stroke ◽  
Physically Inactive

Abstract Background/Introduction There is scant information on the geographic variability in the rate of stroke incidence as it relates to the demographics, comorbidities, risk factors, and insurance type. Purpose/Methods County-level data on four modifiable groups of health factors including healthy behaviors, clinical care, physical environment, and socioeconomic conditions were obtained from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The percentage of persons 65 years or older, smokers, physically inactive, obese, diabetics, heavy drinkers, college graduates, low income, unemployed, uninsured heads of single parent households, and residence in areas of violent crime was used in predicting fatal or non-fatal stroke. The counties were lumped into 5 categories based on similarities of the above characteristics. The incidence of fatal and non-fatal stroke was compared among the 5 county clusters using a mixed-effects regression model. Results The incidence of fatal and non-fatal stroke was significantly lower (p<0.0001) in cluster 3, where residents had higher income, were better educated, and were less likely to be unemployed, to live in single parent households, to have diabetes, to be obese, to smoke, to be physically inactive, or to live in communities with violent crime. The percentage of persons older than 65, violent crime rate, and obesity were identified as significant predictors of stroke using a mixed-effects regression model. Conclusions This study indicates that the incidence of stroke is higher in areas with older population, higher rate of obesity, and in regions with more violent crime. In order to improve health outcomes, preventive measures for stroke should address environmental factors in addition to the known cardiovascular risk factors. Acknowledgement/Funding Robert Wood Johnson Foundation

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Outcomes Following Remotely Administered Self-Help Training for Parents

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-359
Author(s):  
Raul Padilla ◽  
Michael H. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Parent Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Teacher Rating ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Single Parent Families ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects up to 7% of children, with consequences lasting into adulthood for an indeterminate number of people. Children with ADHD need special interventions that start with effective parenting. Yet parent-education programs are often inappropriate for low-income or single-parent families who lack transportation, availability, or resources to attend. AIMS: We evaluated a remotely administered, 6-week, Six-step Parenting Program (SsPP) at two community health centers in Trenton, New Jersey. METHODS: Eight low-income, single-parent families were selected for participation. The parent/teacher rating scale of ADHD symptoms (SNAP-IV [Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham–IV questionnaire]) was administered pre- and post-application. RESULTS: Six out of 8 (75%) participating parents/guardians perceived improvements in children’s symptoms. Completion of SsPP resulted in reduced SNAP-IV values by an average of 12.4% ( n = 8), with improvements in 16 of 18 variables. CONCLUSIONS: The remotely administered SsPP may hold promise for parents unable to attend training and deserves further consideration and evaluation.

Socio-Economic Disadvantage and Delusional-Like Experiences: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saha ◽  
J.G. Scott ◽  
D. Varghese ◽  
J.J. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Physical Disorders

AbstractPurposeDelusional-like experiences (DLE) have been associated with low income, suggesting that more broadly defined socio-economic disadvantage may be associated with these experiences. We had the opportunity to explore the association between DLE and both individual- and area-level measures of socio-economic disadvantage.MethodSubjects were drawn from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing 2007. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify DLE, common psychiatric disorders, and physical disorders. Individual-level and area-level socio-economic disadvantage measures were available based on variables including income, educational attainment, employment status, and housing. We examined the relationship between the variables of interest using logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsOf the 8773 subjects, 8.4% (n = 776) positively endorsed one or more DLE. DLE screen items were more likely to be endorsed by those who were (a) younger, (b) never married, or widowed, separated or divorced status, (c) migrants, or (d) living in rented houses. There were significant associations between socio-economic disadvantage and increased DLE endorsement, and this was found for both individual-level and area-level measures of socio-economic disadvantage. In general, the associations remained significant after adjusting for a range of potential confounding factors and in planned sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsDLE are associated with socio-economic disadvantage in the general population. We speculate that the link between socio-economic disadvantage and DLE may be mediated by psychosocial stress and general psychological distress.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Family Effectiveness Measure Among Low-Income African American Single-Parent Families

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1021-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. McCreary ◽  
Kathleen S. Crittenden ◽  
Barbara L. Dancy ◽  
Carol E. Ferrans ◽  
Qiong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Single Parent Families ◽  
Effectiveness Measure ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF FISH CONSUMPTION IN OLDER PEOPLE: A COMMUNITY-BASED COHORT STUDY

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A.T. Bakre ◽  
Y. Song ◽  
A. Clifford ◽  
A. Chen ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Never Married

Objectives: Habitual fish consumption and its determinants in older people have not been well investigated. We addressed these issues through a population-based cohort study. Methods: In 2001-2003 we interviewed a random sample of 3336 residents aged ≥60 years in China, documenting socioeconomic status (SES) and disease risk factors. In 2007-2009 we re-interviewed 1757 survivors, additionally surveying average self-reported intake of fish over the past two years. Results: Of 1757 participants, 1697 responded to the fish consumption questionnaire; 23.0% of whom had “never eat” fish, 43.4% “once a week”, 26.9% “more than twice a week”, and 6.7% “≥once a day”. There was an inverse association of fish consumption with older age (multivariate adjusted odds ratio 0.64 [95% CI 0.45-0.92] and 0.35 [0.24-0.52] at ages of 75-79, and ≥80 years), female gender (0.63, 0.47-0.84), smoking (0.65, 0.48-0.88), living in a rural area (0.10, 0.07-0.15), having educational level of ≤primary school (0.10, 0.05-0.19), occupation of peasant (0.08, 0.05-0.14), low income (0.11, 0.07-0.18), financial difficulties (0.25, 0.18-0.34), being never married/divorced (0.48, 0.28-0.81), having undetected hypertension (0.71, 0.55-0.91), depression (0.50, 0.29-0.84) and dementia (0.64, 0.41-0.98). However, participants with central obesity and heart disease at baseline had increased odds of fish consumption. Separate data analysis for different levels of fish consumption showed a dose-response trend for these associations. Conclusion: In older Chinese, there are large socioeconomic inequalities, and certain lifestyle, psychosocial factors and health-related conditions are strong determinants of fish consumption. Such information is important for future development or refinement of effective dietary interventions targeting older adults.

scholarly journals “What you do to Children Matters”: Motherhood in Toni Morrison's God Help the Child

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela López Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Low Income ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Black Children ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
African American Culture ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting Style

Toni Morrison’s latest novel, God Help the Child, explores the damaging effects of racism on motherhood and the dramatic impact of toxic mothering upon children. The institution of patriarchal motherhood fails to enact the critical tasks of motherwork —preservation, nurturance and cultural bearing, while mothering is a potential site of empowerment of black children and African American culture. African American authoritarian parenting style, associated with patriarchal motherhood, has a correlation with diverse factors, such as the legacy of slavery and its survival strategies, low-income and/or single-parent households and the disruption of the motherline. Motherhood distorted by racism cannot develop a sense of black selfhood in children, thwarting their chances of survival, resistance and subversion of racist ideologies.Keywords: African American, authoritarian parenting, passing for white, single, motherhood.

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