Brechts braver Schweyk

PMLA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Knust

A close literary analysis of the text shows that Schweyk im Zweiten Weltkrieg is an artful antimorality play with parodistic parallels to Everyman and Faust. The confrontation and interrelation of the “big” and the “small” provide a thematic and structural pattern on both the political and the social levels of the play. Love, faith, and work of the “little” are exploited by the “big.” Scattered revolution and traditional virtues prove useless in an attempt to fight and survive a totalitarian system. Schweyk is caught between a “big” enemy and a “big” friend. As a typical representative of the “little man” he is pitted against Hitler, whose plans he sabotages by a devious method of opportunism mixed with opposition; as an individual he is also contrasted with the fat glutton Baloun, whom he tries to help. In both respects he is “virtuous.” However, the juxtaposition of Schweyk in the icy Russian steppes and Baloun in the cozy “Keich” inn marks two contradictory, yet interrelated extremes of human existence. Brecht subtly points the way out of these undesirable paradoxes. Only if the “little” resolve their differences will they truly cease to be “little.” Schweyk's virtues and Brecht's “Schweykian philosophy” are dictated by circumstances; they are not meant to be of permanent value.

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Negi ◽  
Marc Auerbach

The emerging body of literature on accumulation by dispossession (ABD) sharpens the political edge of the critique of contemporary capitalism. While this is welcome, there are also reasons for concern about the way ABD has been taken up. This is so, because the processes at the heart of Marx's enunciations of primitive accumulation are widely considered passé or are subsumed within the broadened conception of ABD. It matters because the separation of agricultural households from land is an ongoing and central reality of our times, and the social effects have been disastrous. Achieving greater clarity around primitive accumulation and the constellation of issues associated with the agrarian question, then, is of more than passing importance. This article argues that radical geographers should return to the land to undertake an open and materialist engagement with contemporary processes of primitive accumulation.


1938 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Mayer

The present study is based on the vast number of letters written by and addressed to Lassalle, which have only been discovered during the last twenty years, and which have hitherto hardly been regarded seriously by historians. This study does not deal with the theories of the famous propagandist, but only with his political activity. It investigates his real motives for drafting the programme of the Allgemeine Deutsche Arbeiterverein; for what he was agitating; and why he failed to attain his object. A short analysis of the internal situation of Prussia adds to a better understanding of the real possibilities, of Lassalle's schemes.Special attention has been paid to the arguments which Lassalle used to convince Bismarck of the necessity of granting a general suffrage—the principal item of his programme—, and the analysis of his attitude towards the monarchial system of Poland and the caesarism of Napoleon III. His friend Rodbertus wanted to persuade him that caesarism was the "signatura temporis" for future Europe, and that consequently the dictatorial system had far better chances to succeed in solving the problem of the proletariat than democracy. But Lassalle was too much of a politician to let himself be persuaded that in the long run it would be possible to divorce the social elements from politics.Finally the author compares the way in which Lassalle tried to influence the political outlook of his age with that of his rivals Marx and Engels.


Author(s):  
Susan Visvanathan

This paper is concerned with the way energy requirements in the last three decades have seen a response from local communities who wish to express their love and longing for traditional occupations. Agriculture is a multi-faceted representation, and riverine civilisations have epitomised the relation between land, labour and production not just as a relation with technology and culture, but also in terms of the symbols of the sacred. With large scale over utilisation of resources and a lack of vision, the rivers are polluted. People’s movements draw on the work of scientists and those working in the Arts, including the Humanities and the Social Sciences to draw attention to the way in which petitions and protests communicate that politics is not merely about imposing ‘the good vision from above’ but is an interplay between the political, the legal, the socio-religious, the secular and the economic. In a democracy, politics is essentially about dialogue, and the rate of industrialisation may well be mediated by the power of the greens and environment movements, which have learnt their lessons from genocide of peasantry and tribals, and the mass exploitation of the resources of nature. The Sociologist attempts to document some of the shifts and evolving positions in this ongoing debate in India.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1Sup1) ◽  
pp. 271-286
Author(s):  
Alla Nerubasska ◽  
Volha Paulava ◽  
Valentyna Bogachenko ◽  
Oresta Lopuha

The system-parametric method developed by A. Uyemov allows creating a model of the contemporary bifurcational reality. There are many terms adopted from other sciences which are often used in postmodern philosophy. Bifurcation is one of such terms adopted from synergetics. In this article emphasis is placed on the contemporary time which is bifurcational in its essence. Using the key thesis of the systems method which states that any object can be presented as a system, we propose to create a model of social ladenness. The mere fact that ladenness exists, makes the system of crisis (bifurcation) nature. The social ladenness is defined using system descriptors. This definition contains the concept, the structure, and the substrate of the object and analysis of their elements. Consistence and hierarchical arrangement of the descriptors is the social ladenness model under discussion. The elements identified in the social ladenness model are the economic, political, technical, ecological, religious, creative and bifurcation impact. We identified some markers of human existence in the community system. The coronavirus pandemic is used as an example to demonstrate the way the bifurcation society system model can be built in order to find solutions to overcome the social and individual crises.


Author(s):  
Annalise Oatman ◽  
Kate Majewski

This chapter examines the conflict in Myanmar and its historical development as an example of the way that rape is wielded as a weapon of war. It also provides a discussion of advocacy for the ethnic minority women of Myanmar at the grassroots, national, and international levels. It reviews statistics on conflict-related rape and theories regarding the social and political forces driving it. It examines the political history of Myanmar and the status of Myanmarese women. It also discusses the way that current conditions have set the stage for conflict-related rape in Myanmar and data on its prevalence. It discusses the extradition of the rapist of a 7-year-old girl, Myanmarese grassroots efforts to address this issue, and international proposals for reform. In addition, it discusses the way that the “legal culture” of a nation can get in the way of the enactment of international legislation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Juciley Silva Evangelista Freire

O artigo objetiva apreender os fundamentos da crítica de Marx aos postulados liberais da relação indivíduo e sociedade, evidenciando seus desdobramentos para a constituição do ser social e histórico e suas influências para a concepção de formação humana numa perspectiva emancipadora. Para alcançar esse objetivo recorrem-se aos debates travados por Marx com os economistas políticos e às suas controvérsias filosóficas com Feuerbach e Hegel, expressos nos Manuscritos de 1844 e nas Teses sobre Feuerbach; aos textos A Ideologia Alemã, escrito conjuntamente com Engels, e Contribuição à crítica da economia política. Nesse conjunto de textos, Marx expõe as bases da relação indivíduo e sociedade ao fazer a crítica tanto à forma como esta aparece e é pensada sob o capitalismo quanto ao seu conteúdo ontológico, que só se revelará numa outra forma social, humanamente constituída.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Trabalho; Formação humana; Marx.     ABSTRACT The article aims at apprehending the fundamentals of Marx's critique of the liberal postulates of the relation between individual and society, showing its unfolding for the constitution of the social and historical being and its influences on the conception of human formation in an emancipatory perspective. In order to achieve this goal, Marx's debates with the political economists and their philosophical controversies with Feuerbach and Hegel, expressed in the Manuscripts of 1844 and in the Theses on Feuerbach, are used; to the texts The German Ideology, written jointly with Engels, and Contribution to the critique of political economy. In this set of texts, Marx exposes the bases of the relationship between individual and society in making criticism both to the way it appears and is thought under capitalism as to its ontological content, which will only reveal itself in another socially, humanly constituted form.   KEYWORDS: Job; Human formation; Marx.     RESUMEN El artículo objetiva aprehender los fundamentos de la crítica de Marx a los postulados liberales de la relación individuo y sociedad, evidenciando sus desdoblamientos para la constitución del ser social e histórico y sus influencias para la concepción de formación humana en una perspectiva emancipadora. Para alcanzar ese objetivo se recurren a los debates de Marx con los economistas políticos y sus controversias filosóficas con Feuerbach y Hegel expresados en los Manuscritos de 1844 y en las Tesis sobre Feuerbach; a los textos La Ideología Alemana, escrito conjuntamente con Engels, y Contribución a la crítica de la economía política. En este conjunto de textos, Marx expone las bases de la relación individual y sociedad al hacer la crítica tanto a la forma como ésta aparece y es pensada bajo el capitalismo en cuanto a su contenido ontológico, que sólo se revelará en otra forma social, humanamente constituida.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Trabajar; Formación humana; Marx.


Intexto ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 226-250
Author(s):  
Camilla Quesada Tavares ◽  
Michele Goulart Massuchin

This paper aims to identify the way Gazeta do Povo has used Facebook as a content distribution platform. After the restructuring of the journal in June 2017, the social network has been shown to be an important channel for the dissemination of the material produced by the communication vehicle. So the research seeks to understand the logic of using the tool, based on the most explored themes, as well as the genre and the coverage of the posts, relating these characteristics to the return in relation to the number of likes, comments and sharing. The research analyzes the destined space to the political questions and those subjects classified as controversial, identifying how they present themselves in the coverage from the journalistic genre. The methodology used is the quantitative content analysis, and the variables were created from Larsson (2016) and Weber (2014), for the categorization of 820 posts carried out during 15 days of coverage through Facebook fanpage. The results indicate that the vehicle chooses to post policy news and that the public tends to comment more on controversial political news.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Ioana Moroşan

AbstractThis paper aims to analyse a part of Paul Celan's poetic discourse and study the way in which its political dimensions arise, with a particular focus on poems dedicated to Osip Mandelştam in the Nobody's Rose volume. For this purpose, a disjunction is made and justified between political poetry, or expressive discourse treating the political, and politically possessed poetry, discourse in service of ideology. Of particular interest is the social function assumed by such political poetry, triggered by the spreading of illness within the social corpus towards which the poet acts, in Ion Mureşan's conception, as a timely antibody.


2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem Iovenko

In this article the author examines the political development and activities, ideological and political positions, networks and relationships of the Social-National Party of Ukraine (SNPU) since 1990 to 2004. The party’s successor, the All-Ukrainian Union “Svoboda” (VO Svoboda), joined the Ukrainian parliament since 2012 to 2014. VO Svoboda was part of the opposition to the Party of Regions and former pro-Russian President Viktor Yanukovych. The SNPU has ethnocentric and nationalist positions that are expressed in political statements and documents published by the leadership and functionaries of the party. Much attention is paid to the party’s ideology and the way it positions itself. The official and disparate ideological views of SNPU functionaries will also be illustrated. These views became consolidated due to the changes within the party leadership, and the party finally changed its name and image, in order to appeal to the wider masses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-763
Author(s):  
Alexander Latham-Gambi

Abstract This article argues that the opposition between political and legal constitutionalism can be traced to a cleavage in what philosophers have called the ‘social imaginary’: the shared understandings that underpin social life. Since social imaginary understandings are by their nature nebulous and ill-defined, political and legal constitutionalism should not be thought of as competing theories or heuristic models, but—more abstractly—contrasting ways of imagining the political world. Drawing on historical and contemporary examples, I argue that my claim is supported by the way in which legal constitutionalism embedded itself as the governing idea in the United States and in France, and also by the failure of the ‘new Commonwealth model of constitutionalism’ to yield a genuinely distinctive alternative to political and legal constitutionalism.


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