The Minoan Signary

1946 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
John L. Myres
Keyword(s):  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Linear Forms ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Numerical Order ◽  
Greek Alphabet ◽  
Minoan Crete

In studying the Linear Scripts of Minoan Crete, the first requisite is an agreed ‘signary,’ a customary order of the signs, with a numeration by which they can be quoted, at all events until their phonetic values are ascertained. Hitherto, everyone who has written on these scripts has had a signary-order of his own; and, at the risk of adding momentarily to this chaos, here is an attempt to arrange the signs of both the A- and the B-Scripts in an order which will be easy to memorise, because it will be based upon a classification of the signs by their forms and apparent origins.Though Sir Arthur Evans described the Linear Scripts in general terms in Scripta Minoa I, 1909, he reserved detailed discussion to Vol. II, which was still unpublished at his death in 1940. But in The Palace of Minos I, in 1921, he printed a tabular numerical list of Script A, and in Vol. IV, in 1936, a similar list of Script B. Unfortunately, neither list is quite complete, and though there are many obvious resemblances between the two sets of signs, the numerical order of the two lists is different; so that it is difficult to construct vocabularies of the sign groups which can be cross-referred. In both lists he seems to have begun with the signs which more or less resembled letters in the Greek alphabet, but this principle of classification soon failed him. He grouped signs resembling animals and cereal crops at the end of Script B, but left other pictorial signs unclassified and mixed with purely linear forms. In The Palace of Minos IV, 681–2, is outlined a classification into phonetic, idiographic, commodity-signs ‘relating to various properties,’ and administrative signs; but it was not developed in detail.

‘They had added not a single tiny proposition’: The Reception of the Prior Analytics in the First Half of the Twelfth Century

Vivarium ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Short List ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Formal Validity

AbstractA study of the reception of Aristotle’s Prior Analytics in the first half of the twelfth century. It is shown that Peter Abaelard was perhaps acquainted with as much as the first seven chapters of Book I of the Prior Analytics but with no more. The appearance at the beginning of the twelfth century of a short list of dialectical loci which has puzzled earlier commentators is explained by noting that this list formalises the classification of extensional relations between general terms and that this classification had already be put forward by Boethius in his de Syllogismo Categorico and Introductio ad Syllogismos Categoricas. It is pointed out the kind of text referred to as an ‘Introductio’ at the beginning of the twelfth-century follows very closely the structure of Boethius own Introductio and adds to it material drawn from his accounts of loci and the conditional propositions. It is argued that the reception of the Prior Analytics has to be understood against the background of this well developed tradition of treating together syllogisms, loci, and conditional propostions. Referring to a challenge to the formal validity of Darapti in the Ars Meliduna the paper concludes by illustrating that the theory of the syllogism presented in Prior Analytics was still controversial in the middle of the twelfth-century.

Energy Management Strategies to Improve Electrical Networks Using Storage Systems

2016 ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Juan Aurelio Montero-Sousa ◽  
Luis Alfonso Fernández-Serantes ◽  
José-Luis Casteleiro-Roca ◽  
Xosé Manuel Vilar-Martínez ◽  
Jose Luis Calvo-Rolle
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Electricity Storage ◽  
General Terms

The successive energy crises, usually linked to the rising prices of oil, bring about new topics of the energy systems management in general terms. Over all, the electrical system is one of these cases. In addition, a greater concern for environmental issues has introduced, to a greater or lesser extent, the generation from renewable sources in the electrical system. In this context, the possibility of developing and using electricity storage systems would manage mismatches between generation and demand at electricity networks, making them more efficiently. In this research, we propose a number of possible strategies based on technical peak shaving and valley filling. The tool is used as energy storage systems in general terms, regardless of the accumulation technique used. The classification of strategies essentially serves two criteria: optimization service and increased profitability.

Energy Management Strategies to Improve Electrical Networks Using Storage Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 1500-1514
Author(s):  
Juan Aurelio Montero-Sousa ◽  
Luis Alfonso Fernández-Serantes ◽  
José-Luis Casteleiro-Roca ◽  
Xosé Manuel Vilar-Martínez ◽  
Jose Luis Calvo-Rolle
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Electricity Storage ◽  
General Terms

The successive energy crises, usually linked to the rising prices of oil, bring about new topics of the energy systems management in general terms. Over all, the electrical system is one of these cases. In addition, a greater concern for environmental issues has introduced, to a greater or lesser extent, the generation from renewable sources in the electrical system. In this context, the possibility of developing and using electricity storage systems would manage mismatches between generation and demand at electricity networks, making them more efficiently. In this research, we propose a number of possible strategies based on technical peak shaving and valley filling. The tool is used as energy storage systems in general terms, regardless of the accumulation technique used. The classification of strategies essentially serves two criteria: optimization service and increased profitability.

Business Tourism Texts

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-53
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Promotional Material ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Public And Private Sector

The aim of this chapter is to provide a classification of business tourism texts based on Kelly's taxonomy for general tourist texts. The authors include examples of each of them so that the reader can have a wider perspective of the kind of texts that they can find in this field. The authors specifically study texts that are part of the promotional material from the public and private sector with real examples to illustrate the study. This will help readers understand the kind of text they are referring to in order to set the basis of what they will find in the following chapters. Finally, a classification of texts that are informative for exhibitors and companies will be provided in general terms but will not be specifically studied to limit the scope of the practical cases and examples provided in the later on in the book.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Xanthomonas translucens Complex Using Draft Genomes, Comparative Genomics, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Diagnostic LAMP Assays

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Langlois ◽  
Jacob Snelling ◽  
John P. Hamilton ◽  
Claude Bragard ◽  
Ralf Koebnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Germplasm Exchange ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Xanthomonas Translucens

Prevalence of Xanthomonas translucens, which causes cereal leaf streak (CLS) in cereal crops and bacterial wilt in forage and turfgrass species, has increased in many regions in recent years. Because the pathogen is seedborne in economically important cereals, it is a concern for international and interstate germplasm exchange and, thus, reliable and robust protocols for its detection in seed are needed. However, historical confusion surrounding the taxonomy within the species has complicated the development of accurate and reliable diagnostic tools for X. translucens. Therefore, we sequenced genomes of 15 X. translucens strains representing six different pathovars and compared them with additional publicly available X. translucens genome sequences to obtain a genome-based phylogeny for robust classification of this species. Our results reveal three main clusters: one consisting of pv. cerealis, one consisting of pvs. undulosa and translucens, and a third consisting of pvs. arrhenatheri, graminis, phlei, and poae. Based on genomic differences, diagnostic loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primers were developed that clearly distinguish strains that cause disease on cereals, such as pvs. undulosa, translucens, hordei, and secalis, from strains that cause disease on noncereal hosts, such as pvs. arrhenatheri, cerealis, graminis, phlei, and poae. Additional LAMP assays were developed that selectively amplify strains belonging to pvs. cerealis and poae, distinguishing them from other pathovars. These primers will be instrumental in diagnostics when implementing quarantine regulations to limit further geographic spread of X. translucens pathovars.

scholarly journals Proprieties of integrated supply chains of domestic enterprises in the conditions of the EAEU functioning

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
D. K. Umirzakova
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
General Classification ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Document Flow ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Percentage Ratio

The article considers the conditions of the EAEU as a favorable environment for the supply and sales markets of domestic enterprises. The advantages of the EAEU for domestic enterprises, such as a unified transport infrastructure and document flow and the abolition of customs formalities, are highlighted. The characteristics of indicators of mutual trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the EAEU member States for 2018 and 2019 in general terms are given. The dynamics and the share of exports and imports of the EAEU in the total volume of export and import operations in the context of each member of the EAEU are considered. The commodity structure of Kazakhstan's import and export products with the EAEU countries is studied, where the main groups of commodity products are identified. The structure of export and import supplies in the context of the percentage ratio by product groups is determined to identify the main product groups of exports and imports to determine the properties and characteristics of supply chains. The general classification of supply chains for analyzing the properties and characteristics of the main commodity groups of exports and imports of Kazakhstan with the EAEU countries is given. Selected mineral products, which account for almost 40% of the total volume of exports to the countries and the EAEU, for which an analysis of the properties and characteristics of supply chains is provided.

scholarly journals Parallel impelementation of RC6 algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Artan Berisha ◽  
Hektor Kastrati
Keyword(s):  
Data Security ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Block Algorithm ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Encryption Algorithms ◽  
Symmetric Block

Data security is very important in the field of Computer Science. In this paper the encryption algorithm called RC6 will be analyzed and its standard and parallel implementation will be done. First the field of Cryptology is discussed in general terms, then the classification of encryption algorithms according to operation and techniques is explained. RC6 is a symmetric block algorithm derived from the RC5 algorithm. RC6 operates on 128-bit blocks and accepts 128, 192, 256-bit keys until 2040 bytes. In the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) competition, RC6 managed to rank among the five finalists. The structure of the RC6 algorithm will be analyzed also the encryption and decryption methods.  The comparison between standard and parallel implementation will be made.

scholarly journals TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIC RICE IN SUMBERNGEPOH VILLAGE, LAWANG SUB DISTRICT, MALANG DISTRICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
Agil Narendar ◽  
Nuhfil Hanani ◽  
S Syafrial
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Input Use ◽  
Dea Analysis

Rice plants have a proportion of 6 percent or fifth in the world's classification of organic cereal crops (Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, 2017). The problem in organic rice farming is that production and productivity tend to be lower than those of non-organic rice. In addition to the transition from agriculture to organic farming, the factor of input use also has a big influence. This study aims to analyze the level of technical efficiency and the value of organic rice input. The census sample consisted of 45 organic rice farmers. The data used is data in the 2016-2017 rainy season. The data analysis method uses DEA analysis with the assumption of CRS Input. Based on the results of the analysis, farmers are not yet technically efficient because they have an average technical efficiency value of less than 1, which is 0.879. The number of technically efficient farmers with a TE value of 1 is 13 farmers, while the number of farmers who are inefficient is 32 farmers with a TE value of <1. There are slack values such as seeds 3.15 Kg/Ha, solid organic fertilizer 276.58 Kg/Ha, liquid organic fertilizer 1.07 L/Ha, green manure 505.10 Kg/Ha, vegetable pesticides 1.25 L/Ha, and 6.67 daily workers/ha. In addition, there are projected input values, namely seeds 28.66 Kg/Ha, solid organic fertilizer 2170.30 Kg/Ha, liquid organic fertilizer 10.23 L/Ha, green manure 7048.76 Kg/Ha, vegetable pesticides 9.61 L /Ha, and Labor 185.80 daily workers/Ha. Furthermore, the projected value of this input is a recommendation to farmers so that they can be technically efficient.

THE BEGINNINGS OF WRITING ON CRETE: THEORY AND CONTEXT

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Early Writing ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Methodological Perspective ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Minoan Crete ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Definition Of

This article examines the inception of writing on Crete in the second millenniumbcfrom a fresh methodological perspective. It aims to develop a synoptic understanding of the origin, purpose, experience, and significance of the earliest attestations of writing on the island, to investigate the context of its creation, and to explore the cultural triggers that underlie the application of writing in the context of Middle Minoan Crete. Three key points are considered: the problematic definition of early writing on Crete, the possible identification of the subject matter of the Cretan hieroglyphic inscriptions on sealstones, and the script's level of indebtedness to pre-existing models. These paths of investigation are also crucial points of departure for understanding the phenomenon of early writing in more general terms, from a multidisciplinary perspective that seeks to advocate a synergic collaboration between anthropology, archaeology, epigraphy and sociolinguistics.

scholarly journals Automated Classification of Asteroids into Families at Work

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (S310) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Knežević ◽  
Andrea Milani ◽  
Alberto Cellino ◽  
Bojan Novaković ◽  
Federica Spoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
New Approach ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Family Classification

AbstractWe have recently proposed a new approach to the asteroid family classification by combining the classical HCM method with an automated procedure to add newly discovered members to existing families. This approach is specifically intended to cope with ever increasing asteroid data sets, and consists of several steps to segment the problem and handle the very large amount of data in an efficient and accurate manner. We briefly present all these steps and show the results from three subsequent updates making use of only the automated step of attributing the newly numbered asteroids to the known families. We describe the changes of the individual families membership, as well as the evolution of the classification due to the newly added intersections between the families, resolved candidate family mergers, and emergence of the new candidates for the mergers. We thus demonstrate how by the new approach the asteroid family classification becomes stable in general terms (converging towards a permanent list of confirmed families), and in the same time evolving in details (to account for the newly discovered asteroids) at each update.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document