scholarly journals Identifying the Absence of Effective Internal Controls: An Alternative Approach for Internal Control Audits

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Werner ◽  
Nick Gehrke
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Process Mining ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Automated Procedures

ABSTRACT Auditors face new challenges when auditing internal controls due to the increasing integration of information systems for transaction processing and the growing amount of data. Traditional manual control testing procedures become inefficient or require highly specialized and scarce technical knowledge. This study presents audit procedures that follow a new approach. Instead of manually testing internal controls, automated procedures search for the absence of those controls. Process mining techniques are combined with advanced statistical analysis where process mining serves as a data analysis technique to create process models from the recorded transaction data. These are searched for critical data constellations in combination with an exploratory factor analysis to identify systematic deficiencies in the internal control system. The manual and time-intensive inspection of individual controls is replaced by automated audit procedures that cover the totality of recorded transactions. The study follows a design science approach and uses case study data for illustration.

Pengaruh Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran terhadap Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintahan dengan Pengawasan Internal sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Kasus pada SKPD Kota Yogyakarta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Erawati
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Performance Accountability ◽  
Government Work ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Budgets are one of the most important and relevant things in local government, because budgets have an impact on performance that is attributed to the function of government as the State's hearing. Through a clear budget it will have an impact on the effectiveness of government work plans and accountability processes on a periodic basis. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of clarity of budget targets to the performance accountability of government agencies and internal control as a moderation variable. The population used in this study is SKPD Yogyakarta. The type of data in this study is quantitative. The data sources used are primary data sourced from the distributed kusioner. The analysis technique used is simple regression, t test, r test and pure moderation test. The results of this study is the clarity of budget targets have a positive effect on the performance accountability of government agencies and internal controls can strengthen the relationship of variable clarity of budget targets to the performance accountability of government agencies.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-309
Author(s):  
Reni Febrianti ◽  
Anis Feblin ◽  
Hasiatul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
T Test ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Test Results ◽  
F Test ◽  
A Value ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Performance Accountability ◽  
Accounting Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the Accountability of OKU Regency Government Institution Performance. The method used in this study is non probability sampling, namely purposive sampling. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing is a statistical test partially (t test) and simultaneous (F test). T test results show that there is a significant influence of internal control and motivation on the Performance Accountability of OKU Regency Government Agencies with a t table value of 2.00758. F test results show a sig value of 0,000 <0.05 or obtain an F value of 15.517> F table 2.40 which means that together the budget target clarity (X1), accounting control (X2), reporting system (X3), internal control (X4), and motivation (X5) have a significant effect on performance accountability. Based on the coefficient of determination obtained a value of 0.564. Conclusions, the contribution of the clarity of budget targets, accounting controls, reporting systems, internal controls, and motivation to performance accountability was 56.4%, while the remaining 43.6% was influenced by other variables not explained in this study. Keywords: Performance Accountability, Government Institutions

scholarly journals Peranan Internal Audit dalam meningkatkan Efektifitas, Efisiensi, Ekonomis Terhadap Pengendalian Internal Persediaan

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indupurnahayu . ◽  
Dessy Hardiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Inventory Costs ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Inventory ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Descriptive Method

<p>Inventory is an asset which includes goods belonging to the company with the<br />intention to be sold in a normal business period. Inventories in companies are very vulnerable to theft, embezzlement, damage or loss to the company. This study aims to determine the internal controls applied in the company against inventory and internal audit<br />implementation in improving the effectiveness, efficiency, economical internal control inventory. This research uses descriptive method because this research relates to the object of research that is company with a certain period, by collecting data and information related<br />to the company and tailored to the research objectives. The analysis technique used to analyze data about inventory using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method.  This research analyzes Internal Control and Implementation of Internal Audit inventory at PT. Mustika Ratu. Internal Control of PT. Mustika ratu has run well and in accordance with the elements of internal control. PT. Mustika Ratu has complied with the policies and regulations set by the company. <br />Implementation of Internal Audit has been running Effectively, Efficiently, and<br />Economically. Can be seen from the calculation using EOQ method. By using company method, the quantity of Titan Komet Kowet's 3288 raw material purchasing amounted to 5,573 Gram with total inventory cost of Rp. 2.769.780, - and while using the EOQ method Quantity of raw material purchase Titan Komet Kowet 3288 for 5.932 with inventory cost of<br />Rp. 2,764,386, -. meaning the company can save inventory costs of Rp. 5.394, - <br />By using company method Quantity of purchase of raw material Talk Mesh 325<br />amounted to 8,574 Gram with total cost of inventory equal to Rp. 3.056.223, - while using EOQ method Quantity purchase of raw material of mesh 325 mesh with 7648 with inventory cost of Rp. 3.056.385, -. meaning the company can save the cost of Rp. 19.838,-</p><p> </p>

The Severity of Internal Controls over Financial Reporting Deficiencies: Differences among Types and Industries

2014 ◽  
pp. 55-77
Author(s):  
Tatiana Mazza ◽  
Stefano Azzali
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Finance Industry ◽  
Material Weaknesses ◽  
Fixed Assets

This study analyzes the severity of Internal Control over Financial Reporting deficiencies (Deficiencies, Significant Deficiencies and Material Weaknesses) in a sample of Italian listed companies, in the period 2007- 2012. Using proprietary data the severity of the deficiencies is tested for account-specific, entity level and information technology controls and for industries (manufacturing and services vs finance industries). The results on ICD severity is compared with one of the most frequent ICD (Acc_Period End/Accounting Policies): for account-specific, ICD in revenues, purchase, fixed assets and intangible, loans and insurance are more severe while ICD in Inventory are less severe. Differences in ICD severity have been found in the characteristic account: ICD in loan and insurance for finance industry and ICD in revenue, purchase for manufacturing and service industry are more severe. Finally, we found that ICD in entity level and information technology controls are less severe than account specific ICD in all industries. However, the results on entity level and information technology deficiencies could also mean that the importance of these types of control are under-evaluated by the manufacturing and service companies.

PENGARUH PDRB DAN UKURAN TERHADAP INTERNAL CONTROL PEMERINTAH DAERAH DENGAN PAD SEBAGAI INTERVENING

ProBank ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Prima Utama Wardoyo Putro
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Path Testing ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Research Populations

Law No 32 year on 2004 about Regional Government and Law No 33 years on 2004 about Fiscal Balance between the Central Government and Regional Government are a new regulation relating to the implementation of regional autonomy in Indonesia. Giving the authority to manage its own region required an internal control system that can monitor of all by central government. The problem in this study is: Is there are any influence between growth, size, and PAD through Regional Government Internal Controls weakness with PAD as an intervening variable. The research populations are the financial statements and reports on the results of the entire province in Indonesia totaling 33 provinces. Source of data which are used are secondary data, and data collection by using the documentation method. The results of partial testing showed that PAD and Growth have significant affects to the Internal Controls, whereas size has not significant effect. Simultaneous testing showed a significant effect between the independent and dependent variables. The test results path testing showed that growth has no significant effect to internal control through PAD as an intervening variable and size has a significant effect to internal control variable through PAD as an intervening variable. The results of determinant coefficient by simultan test amount 28.7%. Its mean that Internal Control can be explained by Growth, Size and PAD, the remaining 71.3% influenced by factors other than study. Keyword: Internal Control, Size, Growth, and Income

Real Earnings Management before and after Reporting SOX 404 Material Weaknesses

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuukka Järvinen ◽  
Emma-Riikka Myllymäki
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Material Weaknesses ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
Before And After

SYNOPSIS The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SOX Section 404 material weaknesses manifest in real earnings management behavior. The empirical findings indicate that, compared to companies with effective internal controls, companies with existing material weaknesses in their internal controls engage in more manipulation of real activities (particularly inventory overproduction). This implies that the weak commitment by management to provide effective internal control system and high-quality financial information relates to a tendency to use real earnings management methods. Moreover, we find evidence suggesting that companies employ real earnings management (overproduction and reduction of discretionary expenses) after disclosing previous year's material weaknesses. We conjecture that the public disclosure of material weaknesses induces management to strive to mitigate the expected negative reactions of stakeholders to the disclosure by engaging in real earnings management, which is not easily detected or constrained by outsiders. Overall, this study suggests that material weaknesses in internal controls signal an environment where management is more inclined to employ real earnings management.

The Search for Order in Municipal Administration: Herman A. Metz and the New York City Experience, 1898–1909

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Ryan P. McDonough ◽  
Paul J. Miranti ◽  
Michael P. Schoderbek
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
York City ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
The Public ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT This paper examines the administrative and accounting reforms coordinated by Herman A. Metz around the turn of the 20th century in New York City. Reform efforts were motivated by deficiencies in administering New York City's finances, including a lack of internal control over monetary resources and operational activities, and opaque financial reports. The activities of Comptroller Metz, who collaborated with institutions such as the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, were paramount in initiating and implementing the administrative and accounting reforms in the city, which contributed to reform efforts across the country. Metz promoted the adoption of functional cost classifications for city departments, developed flowcharts for improved transaction processing, strengthened internal controls, and published the 1909 Manual of Accounting and Business Procedure of the City of New York, which laid the groundwork for transparent financial reports capable of providing vital information about the city's activities and subsidiary units. JEL Classifications: H72, M41, N91. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

Accelerated Filing Deadlines, Internal Controls, and Financial Statement Quality: The Case of Originating Misstatements

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Boland ◽  
Scott N. Bronson ◽  
Chris E. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Similar Increase ◽  
Section 404 ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Rule Change ◽  
Initial Decrease

SYNOPSIS We examine whether regulations requiring accelerated filing deadlines and internal control reporting and testing affect financial statement reliability. Unlike prior research, we examine whether these regulatory changes are associated with an increase in the likelihood that misstatements originate in the period following the respective change. If the implementation of these rules causes a misstatement, then the misstatement would most likely occur in the period immediately following the rule change. We provide evidence that accelerated filers (AFs) experience an increase in the likelihood of an originating misstatement following the acceleration of filing deadlines from 90 to 75 days. Large accelerated filers (LAFs), however, do not experience a similar increase following this acceleration or the subsequent acceleration from 75 to 60 days. After the implementation of the SOX Section 404 internal control requirements, we find that the likelihood of an originating misstatement declined for AFs but not for LAFs. Taken together, the findings suggest that, although AFs experienced an initial decrease in financial statement reliability, this decrease was temporary. Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources identified in the text.

Board Independence and Internal Control Weakness: Evidence from SOX 404 Disclosures

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyang Chen ◽  
W. Robert Knechel ◽  
Vijaya Bhaskar Marisetty ◽  
Cameron Truong ◽  
Madhu Veeraraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
Internal Control Weaknesses ◽  
A Company ◽  
Jel Classifications

SUMMARY In this paper, we investigate whether board independence has an impact on the likelihood that a company reports weaknesses in internal controls. Using a sample of 11,226 firm-year observations spanning the period 2004–2012, we establish several findings. First, we document a negative relation between board independence and the disclosure of internal control weaknesses. We also document that the negative relation is stronger for firms with unitary leadership (combined positions of CEO and chairman) than for firms with dual leadership. Next, we show that board independence is associated with both fewer account-specific and company-level weaknesses. Finally, we show that board independence is associated with timely remediation of internal control weaknesses and that the implementation of Auditing Standard No. 5 in 2007 weakens the effect of board independence on the disclosure of ICW. JEL Classifications: G10; G18.

External Auditors' Involvement in the Internal Audit Function's Work Plan and Subsequent Reliance Before and After a Negative Audit Discovery

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron J. Pike ◽  
Lawrence Chui ◽  
Kasey A. Martin ◽  
Renee M. Olvera
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Internal Auditors ◽  
External Auditors ◽  
Internal Audit Function ◽  
Anchoring Bias ◽  
Before And After

SUMMARY To reduce redundancies and increase efficiency in the evaluation of internal controls (PCAOB 2007, 402–403), professional standards encourage coordination between external auditors and their clients' internal audit function (IAF). Recent surveys of internal auditors find that a component of this coordination is external auditors' involvement in developing the IAF's audit plans. Nevertheless, it is not known how such involvement affects external auditors' reliance on the internal control test work of the IAF, either before or after a negative audit discovery. Based on an experiment with 107 experienced auditors, we find that external auditors involved in the development of the IAF's audit plan perceive the IAF as more objective and that both objectivity and involvement contribute to these auditors' placing more reliance on the IAF as compared to external auditors with no involvement. This initial reliance results in the involved auditors' proposing reductions to the audit budget and re-performing less of the IAF's work. Consistent with an anchoring bias, we find that involvement leads to external auditors' continuing to place greater reliance on the IAF's work, even after they become aware of a negative audit discovery that should not have occurred had the client's controls been effective. Data Availability: Data are available from the authors on request.

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