An Examination of the Effect of IT Investments on Firm Value: The Case of Y2K-Compliance Costs

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal V. Krishnan ◽  
Ram S. Sriram
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Equity Valuation ◽  
Compliance Costs ◽  
Book Value ◽  
It Investments ◽  
Share Prices

In this study, using the recent Y2-compliance expenditures as an example, we examine whether disclosures relating to investments in information technology (IT) were relevant to investors in assessing the market value of equity. We use a sample of 190 firms that disclosed estimates of total Y2K-compliance costs in their 1997 annual reports to examine the association between Y2K-compliance costs and share prices. We test the joint hypothesis that Y2K-compliance costs were relevant to equity valuation of firms that chose to become Y2K-compliant and that these costs were sufficiently reliable to be reflected in share prices. We find that estimates of Y2K-compliance costs were positively and significantly related to share prices after controlling for earnings, book value of equity, and other factors. We find that the stock market is not shortsighted, and consider investments in Y2K-remediation efforts a significant and value-increasing activity for the average firm.

scholarly journals Impairment Charges and Market Value of Insurance Firms in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Gospel J. Chukwu ◽  
Godpower W. Obah
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Insurance Firms

The purpose of this study is to examine whether impairment of financial assets affects the behaviour of equity investors in the insurance industry in Nigeria. Using a sample of 102 firm-year observations drawn from 17 insurance firms, and another sample of insurance firms whose shares traded at more than par value, the study investigated whether share prices are associated with insurance receivables and with other financial assets. Findings show that share prices are not significantly associated with insurance receivables, or with other financial assets. This is possibly because the shares of many insurance firms in Nigeria traded mostly at par value within the sample period-2012 to 2017. Empirical results further reveal that for the sample of firms whose shares traded at more than par value, there is a significant negative relationship between impairment charges of financial assets and market value, suggesting that investors negatively view impairment charges and regard them as evidence of decline in the economic value of organisational assets. Even with the sample of firms whose shares traded at more than par value, there is an insignificant relationship between insurance receivables and market value, suggesting that investors do not regard the impairment of trade receivables as sufficiently reliable to include them in their assessment of firm value. Regulators of the insurance industry must therefore emphasise confidence-boosting strategies such as the merger of weak insurance firms. This will create larger firms with greater capacity and better performance, as well as improve investors’ perception of the insurance industry in Nigeria.

Valuation of a Firm with a Tax Loss Carryover

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (s-1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja De Waegenaere ◽  
Richard C. Sansing ◽  
Jacco L. Wielhouwer
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Real Option ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Future Income ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
Deferred Tax ◽  
Tax Loss

This paper examines the effects of a tax loss carryover on the market and book values of a firm's assets. The loss carryover has a direct effect on market value by sheltering future income from tax, and a direct effect on book value due to the recognition of a deferred tax asset. The failure to discount the deferred tax asset to its present value causes the market-to-book ratio of the deferred tax asset to be less than 1. However, positive skewness in the distribution of future taxable income can cause the market-to-book ratio to exceed 1 because the market value depends on the mean level of future tax benefits, while the book value is based on the median level of future tax benefits. The loss carryover also has an indirect effect on firm value in that it induces the firm to exercise its real option to invest early. This reduces firm value before investment takes place and decreases the market-to-book ratio of physical assets after investment takes place.

scholarly journals The relationship between intellectual capital information and firms’ market value: a study from an emerging economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
A.A. Ousama ◽  
Mashael Thaar Al-Mutairi ◽  
A.H. Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital (IC) information reported in the annual reports and market value of the companies listed on the Qatar Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a panel data collected from the annual reports and Bloomberg database for six years, specifically the periods 2010-2012 and 2016-2018. The total sample consists of 252 observations. The theoretical framework was developed in reference to the resource-based theory. The regression model is based on Ohlson’s model, which has been modified by including IC information. Findings The study found that there is a significant relationship between IC information and firm market value. This finding indicates that companies report their IC to help the stakeholders (e.g. shareholders, investors) to understand the real value of the company (which includes IC values). Practical implications The shift to a knowledge-based economy (KBE) has made knowledge a driver for economic growth, and it has become more important than capital, land and labour. This shift makes IC and resources vital for companies to create wealth, value and gain competitive advantage. The State of Qatar plans to transform its economy to a KBE in its “Qatar Vision 2030”. The findings of the study show that the companies have started to depend more on IC to contribute to transforming Qatar’s economy to a KBE. Originality/value This study could be considered a pioneer study to examine the association of IC disclosure and firm value in Qatar. Furthermore, prior literature has mixed findings, which justifies further investigation of IC’s effect on market value, particularly in the emerging economy of Qatar.

Does institutional ownership affect the value relevance of accounting information?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-342
Author(s):  
Mohamed Omran ◽  
Yasean A. Tahat
Keyword(s):  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Positive Effects

Purpose Drawing upon agency theory, this study aims to assess the value relevance (VR) of accounting information released by non-financial firms listed on the Kuwait stock exchange for the period of 2015-2018. Also, the influence of institutional ownership level and other explanatory variables, namely, book value per share, earnings per share, growth in assets and changes in financial leverage on share prices is examined. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypotheses, the Ohlson (1995) model is extended. This study uses panel data analysis and applies appropriate statistical techniques to measure empirical relationships. Findings The results show that the VR of accounting information released by the Kuwaiti non-financial listed firms varies over the period of 2015-2018. Book value and earnings have significant and positive effects on share prices. In recent years, the VR of book value information has been growing, while that of earnings information has been declining. Institutional ownership level has a significant and positive influence on the VR of accounting information released by the Kuwaiti non-financial listed firms. The findings confirm a positive power, signalling growth in assets regarding the share prices. However, no significant relationship between changes in financial leverage and share prices is found. Practical implications The findings of the study provide evidence of the linkage between VR and institutional ownership level, which promotes the understanding of the influence of institutional investors on a firm’s market value. Empirical evidence from Kuwait will have international implications and can serve as a guide for accounting researchers studying other emerging markets. Capital market regulators can provide guidelines in the form of information characteristics and elements of financial statements that need improvement. Finally, the findings assist non-financial listed firms to enhance the quality of accounting information by identifying the strengths and weaknesses in their financial reports. Originality/value This study extends the previous literature by investigating a relatively new set of data in more depth than that has been examined by prior research, which focusses on the relationship between accounting information and the firm’s market value.

scholarly journals Does ESG Performance Enhance Firm Value? Evidence from Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohyun Yoon ◽  
Jeong Lee ◽  
Ryan Byun
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Performance Enhance ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
Governance Practice

We analyze whether a firm’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) plays a significant role in promoting its market value in an emerging market, namely Korea. We employ environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) scores to evaluate CSR performances and examine their effect on firm valuation. We find that CSR practices positively and significantly affect a firm’s market, in line with previous studies on developed countries. However, its impact on share prices can differ according to firm characteristics. For firms in environmentally sensitive industries, the value-creating effect of CSR is lesser than for firms that do not belong to sensitive industries. Specifically, corporate governance practice negatively influences the firm value of environmentally sensitive firms. Further, governance practice significantly promotes market value only for chaebols, while investors do not significantly value governance practice carried out by other firms. This finding suggests the value-enhancing effects of governance structure reformation in the former. This work mainly contributes to the literature by verifying a positive CSR-valuation relationship in emerging markets, which provides substantial policy and welfare implications in markets where governments play a major role in promoting CSR. A stronger valuation effect of CSR in chaebols may present economic background for the intervention of the Korean government in the reformation of chaebol.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSETS, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, PRICE EARNING RATIO DAN FIRM-SIZE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN KATEGORI INDEKS LQ-45 DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Triana Zuhrotun Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Equity Ratio

Price to Book Value (PBV) is the ratio of the market value of equity to the book value of equity. PBV is the level of ability to create a company's value relative to the amount of capital invested. This study will analyze both simultaneous and partial effect of return on assets, debt to equity ratio, price earning ratio and firm-size to price book value. Companies classified in LQ-45 selected as the population used in this study are listed on the Stock Exchange 2012-2016 period. Purposive sampling is used to get the sample in this research using criterias and 18 companies or 72 firm-years are the samples. Analysis tool in this research using spss 23.0. This research is using multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the partial test (t test) on the real level (α) = 5% can be seen that the variabel return on assets, debt to equity ratio and price earning ratio have a significant and positive impact on price book value, meanwhile firm-size have no significant effect on price book value. Keywords :   Firm value, Price Book Value, Return on Asset, Debt to Equity Ratio, Price Earning Ratio, Firm-size. 

scholarly journals Human Capital Investment Effects On Firm Returns

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin L. Bouillon ◽  
B. Michael Doran ◽  
Peter F. Orazem
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Common Stock ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Firm Investment ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Specific Human Capital

This paper demonstrates that two measures of firm investment in specific human capital are significantly and positively correlated with long-term rates of return on investment. The final sample of 260 firms is a subset of the 805 firms included in the June 1984 edition of Forbes survey of executive compensation. We utilize two proxies for firm return-net income and cash flow. The return measures are scaled by both book value of total assets and market value of common stock yielding four alternative specifications of the rate of return measure. The firm investment in specific human capital measures are generally found to be significant explanatory variables in the regressions that have returns scaled by book value of assets. These measures of investment are insignificant when market value of common stock outstanding is used to scale the return measures. We interpret these findings to imply that a public or regulatory policy needs to be established to require firms to include at least some basic rudimentary information regarding their human capital investment, such as turnover rates and training cots, in their annual reports.

scholarly journals The measurement of intellectual capital by market capitalization method: Empirical study of Polish listed companies

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Salome Svanadze ◽  
Magdalena Kowalewska
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange

Intellectual capital has become a fundamental source for enterprises, but its measurement and reporting remain a major challenge for managers and researchers. The purpose of this paper is to examine and report the differences in the Intellectual Capital (IC) Market Value (MV) to Book Value (BV) of the Polish WIG 20 indexed companies from Warsaw Stock Exchange. The data necessary to perform the calculations in accordance with the MV/PV method came from the financial statements for the period 2010-2014 of 20 Polish companies. The MV/BV method provides the means to measure intellectual capital in a precise and timely calculation and is particularly useful for the companies that are listed on the stock market. Results are presented and followed by discussion and implication for future research.

scholarly journals ASOSIASI ANTARA PERUBAHAN HARGA SAHAM DAN INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG LISTING DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Martati
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Pool Data ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Financing Policy ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set

This research is aimed at examining the relationship between the actual Stock return toward the investment opportunity set (IOS) as the growth proxy of manufacturing companies which listing at Indonesian Stock Market. The IOS proxies used are market to book value of equity (MBVE), market to book value of assets (MBVA), price earning ratio (PER), Firm Value to book value of property, plant and equipment (VPPE), ratio capital expenditures to book value of asset (CEBVA), and ratio capital expenditures to market value of asset (CEMVA).The value of each indicators analysed by using common factor analysis. The normality data is tested by using one sample kolmogorov smirnov test continued with correlation test non parametric correlation model Kendall’s tau b. The purposive sampling is used in this research for ten years observation (1998 – 2007) with pool data method. The number of sample used is 240 manufacturing companies that listing at Indonesian Stock Market. The result of the research show that the direct and indirect correlation only occurs partially toward  market to book value of assets (MBVA) proxy. It indicates that there is direct and indirect positive relation through firm realized growth  and financing policy intervening variable but  it does not occur to the  composite IOS  proxies. 

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