Functional changes in the temporomandibular joint mechanoreceptors associated with experimentally induced condylar resorption in rats

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the influence of experimentally induced progressive condylar resorption (PCR) on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) mechanoreception. Materials and Methods Twenty 13-week-old male albino Wistar rats were divided equally into control and PCR groups. A compressive force was loaded on the left TMJ of PCR group rats to induce condylar resorption. Single-unit activities of TMJ mechanoreceptors were also induced through passive jaw movement. Recording was performed for the left Gasserian ganglion at 3 days and 1 week after the establishment of PCR group. The effects of PCR on TMJ units were assessed by measuring the firing threshold, maximum instantaneous firing frequency, and average firing frequency. Results Compared with the control group, there were no significant differences in the firing threshold of the PCR group after 3 days. The thresholds were significantly higher 1 week after compressive force loading on the condyle. The maximum instantaneous firing frequencies and the average firing frequencies showed no significant differences after 3 days. However, these were significantly lower 1 week after compressive force loading. Conclusions The findings suggest that compressive force loading on the condyle may influence the function of TMJ mechanoreceptors.

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Functional Changes of Temporomandibular Joint Mechanoreceptors Induced by Reduced Masseter Muscle Activity in Growing Rats

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/081108-424.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79 (5) ◽

pp. 978-983 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Takayoshi Ishida ◽

Tadachika Yabushita ◽

Kunimichi Soma

Keyword(s):

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Masseter Muscle ◽

Growth Period ◽

Control Group ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Masseter Muscles ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Indirect Stimulation

Abstract Objective: To determine the influence of masseter muscle activity during growth on the functional characteristics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) mechanoreceptors. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six 3-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into an experimental group, in which the masseter muscles were bilaterally resected at 3 weeks of age, and a control group. Single-unit activities of the TMJ mechanoreceptors were evoked by indirect stimulation of passive jaw movement. Electrophysiologic recordings of TMJ units were made at 5, 7, and 9 weeks of age. Results: During this period, the firing threshold of the TMJ units was significantly lower and the maximum instantaneous frequency of the TMJ units was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion: Reduced masseter activity during the growth period alters the response properties of TMJ mechanoreceptors.

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The effects of Cyclosporin-A (CYA) on the Ultrastructure of Gingival Mast Cells (GMC) in Behcet's disease (BD)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159333 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 358-359

Author(s):

Oktay Arda ◽

Ulkü Noyan ◽

Selgçk Yilmaz ◽

Mustafa Taşyürekli ◽

İsmail Seçkin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Unknown Etiology ◽

Control Group ◽

Target Cells ◽

Gingival Hyperplasia ◽

Cellular Activity ◽

Direct Relation ◽

Immune Disease ◽

Genital Ulceration ◽

Functional Changes ◽

The Third

Turkish dermatologist, H. Beheet described the disease as recurrent triad of iritis, oral aphthous lesions and genital ulceration. Auto immune disease is the recent focus on the unknown etiology which is still being discussed. Among the other immunosupressive drugs, CyA included in it's treatment newly. One of the important side effects of this drug is gingival hyperplasia which has a direct relation with the presence of teeth and periodontal tissue. We are interested in the ultrastructure of immunocompetent target cells that were affected by CyA in BD.Three groups arranged in each having 5 patients with BD. Control group was the first and didn’t have CyA treatment. Patients who had CyA, but didn’t show gingival hyperplasia assembled the second group. The ones displaying gingival hyperplasia following CyA therapy formed the third group. GMC of control group and their granules are shown in FIG. 1,2,3. GMC of the second group presented initiation of supplementary cellular activity and possible maturing functional changes with the signs of increased number of mitochondria and accumulation of numerous dense cored granules next to few normal ones, FIG. 4,5,6.

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RELATION OF THE MARKERS OF MYOCARDIAL DYSFUNCTION AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION WITH STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF THE LUNGS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION ◽

10.15829/1728-8800-2018-2-24-28 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

O. M. Polikutina ◽

Y. S. Slepynina ◽

E. D. Bazdyrev ◽

V. N. Karetnikova ◽

O. L. Barbarach

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Myocardial Dysfunction ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Lung Pathology ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Functional Parameters ◽

Lung Capacity ◽

Copd Patients

Aim. To evaluate the structural and functional changes in the lungs of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with absence or presence of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), and the relation with myocardial dysfunction and systemic inflammation.Material and methods. Totally, 189 STEMI patients included: group 1 — STEMI with COPD of moderate and mild grade, 2 — STEMI with no lung pathology. Groups were comparable by clinical and anamnestic parameters. Assessment of lung function and blood collection were done at 1012 day of STEMI. For comparison of the parameters representing structural and functional changes in the lungs and comparison of Creactive protein (CRP), Nterminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) concentration, a control group was formed with no pulmonary pathology, comparable by age and sex with the STEMI patients.Results. In COPD patients, higher values revealed of the parameters representing the part of residual volumes in pulmonary structure. Higher residual volume (RV) was found also in STEMI and no COPD comparing to controls, however the relation RV/TLC (total lung capacity) was not higher than normal range. In both groups there were lower values of diffusion lung capacity (DLCO) comparing to controls. The lowest DLCO found in COPD patients. Concentration of NTproBNP (H=41,6; p<0,001) and CRP (H=38,6; p<0,001) in COPD was significantly higher in STEMI with no COPD patients than in controls. The negative correlations found for NTproBNP and CRP with forced expiratory volume 1 sec, FEV/FVC1, DLCO, and positive — with the values of thoracic volume, RV/TLC.Conclusion. In STEMI patients the increase revealed of residual lung volumes. Mostly the level of residual volumes is high in STEMI and COPD patients. There are associations of NTproBNP and CRP with structural and functional parameters of the lungs regardless of COPD.

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The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26051332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1332

Author(s):

Gilda M. Iova ◽

Horia Calniceanu ◽

Adelina Popa ◽

Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽

Olivia Marcu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Gingival Tissue ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

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Time Efficiency of Digitally and Conventionally Produced Single-Unit Restorations

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj9060062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Sofia Stromeyer ◽

Daniel Wiedemeier ◽

Albert Mehl ◽

Andreas Ender

Keyword(s):

Single Unit ◽

Operating Time ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Working Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Similar Amount ◽

Scan Design ◽

Time Efficiency ◽

Dental Professional

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the time efficiency of digital chairside and labside workflows with a conventional workflow for single-unit restorations. The time efficiency in this specific sense was defined as the time, which has to be spent in a dental office by a dental professional performing the relevant steps. A model with interchangeable teeth on position 36 was created. These teeth were differently prepared, responding to several clinical situations to perform single-unit restorations. Different manufacturing techniques were used: For the digital workflows, CEREC Omnicam (CER) and Trios 3 (TN/TI) were used. The conventional workflow, using a dual-arch tray impression technique, served as the control group. For the labside workflow (_L) and the conventional impression procedure (CO), the time necessary for the impressions and temporary restorations was recorded and served as operating time. The chairside workflow time was divided by the time for the entire workflow (_C) including scan, design, milling and finishing the milled restoration, and in the actual working time (_CW) leaving out the chairside milling of the restoration. Labside workflow time ranged from 9 min 27 s (CER_L) to 12 min 41 s (TI_L). Entire chairside time ranged from 43 min 35 s (CER_C) to 58 min 43 s (TI_C). Pure chairside working time ranged from 15 min 21 s (CER_CW) to 23 min 17 s (TI_CW). Conventional workflow time was 10 min 39 s (CO) on average. The digital labside workflow and the conventional workflow require a similar amount of time. The digital chairside workflow is more time consuming.

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Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with Resin Fiber Post and Stainless Steel Post: An In Vitro Study

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1672019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 080-084

Author(s):

Vijay Singh ◽

Poonam Bogra ◽

Saurabh Gupta ◽

Navneet Kukreja ◽

Neha Gupta

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Fracture Resistance ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Compressive Force ◽

Control Group ◽

Fiber Post ◽

Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractFracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with post. Aims: This study aims to compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with resin fiber and stainless steel post. Commercially available prefabricated resin fiber post(Dentsply Maillefer Easy Post), prefabricated stainless steel post(Coltene/Whaledent Parapost) were used. Methods and Material: Forty five maxillary central incisors were obturated and divided into 3 groups: Control Group (Group I) without any post (n = 15), Resin Fiber Post Group (Group II) (n = 15) and Stainless Steel Post Group (Group III) (n = 15). In all Groups except control group, post space was prepared; a post was cemented, and a core build-up was provided. All the specimens were subjected to compressive force under a universal testing machine until fracture. Statistical analysis used: The results were analyzed using the variable analysis test (ANOVA). Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant difference among test groups. The control group demonstrated highest fracture resistance (925.2183 N), followed by the resin fiber post group (486.7265 N) and stainless steel post group (423.539N). Conclusions: Teeth restored with resin fiber post showed higher fracture resistance values than prefabricated stainless steel post.

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Atorvastatin impairs liver mitochondrial function in obese Göttingen Minipigs but heart and skeletal muscle are not affected

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81846-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Liselotte Bruun Christiansen ◽

Tine Lovsø Dohlmann ◽

Trine Pagh Ludvigsen ◽

Ewa Parfieniuk ◽

Michal Ciborowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Mitochondrial Function ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Obese Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Respiratory Capacity ◽

Protein Carbonyl Content ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Mitochondrial Respiratory

AbstractStatins lower the risk of cardiovascular events but have been associated with mitochondrial functional changes in a tissue-dependent manner. We investigated tissue-specific modifications of mitochondrial function in liver, heart and skeletal muscle mediated by chronic statin therapy in a Göttingen Minipig model. We hypothesized that statins enhance the mitochondrial function in heart but impair skeletal muscle and liver mitochondria. Mitochondrial respiratory capacities, citrate synthase activity, coenzyme Q10 concentrations and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were analyzed in samples of liver, heart and skeletal muscle from three groups of Göttingen Minipigs: a lean control group (CON, n = 6), an obese group (HFD, n = 7) and an obese group treated with atorvastatin for 28 weeks (HFD + ATO, n = 7). Atorvastatin concentrations were analyzed in each of the three tissues and in plasma from the Göttingen Minipigs. In treated minipigs, atorvastatin was detected in the liver and in plasma. A significant reduction in complex I + II-supported mitochondrial respiratory capacity was seen in liver of HFD + ATO compared to HFD (P = 0.022). Opposite directed but insignificant modifications of mitochondrial respiratory capacity were seen in heart versus skeletal muscle in HFD + ATO compared to the HFD group. In heart muscle, the HFD + ATO had significantly higher PCC compared to the HFD group (P = 0.0323). In the HFD group relative to CON, liver mitochondrial respiration decreased whereas in skeletal muscle, respiration increased but these changes were insignificant when normalizing for mitochondrial content. Oral atorvastatin treatment in Göttingen Minipigs is associated with a reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity in the liver that may be linked to increased content of atorvastatin in this organ.

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Evaluation of endorphin content in the CSF of patients with trigeminal neuralgia before and after Gasserian ganglion thermocoagulation

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1981.55.6.0935 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 935-937 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Giuseppe Salar ◽

Salvatore Mingrino ◽

Marco Trabucchi ◽

Angelo Bosio ◽

Carlo Semenza

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽

Control Group ◽

Gasserian Ganglion ◽

Content Type ◽

Group Of Seven ◽

Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Fine Print

✓ The β-endorphin content in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was evaluated in 10 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia during medical treatment (with or without carbamazepine) and after selective thermocoagulation of the Gasserian ganglion. These values were compared with those obtained in a control group of seven patients without pain problems. No statistically significant difference was found between patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia and those without pain. Furthermore, neither pharmacological treatment nor surgery changed CSF endorphin values. It is concluded that there is no pathogenetic relationship between trigeminal neuralgia and endorphins.

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Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Aloe vera Gel on Experimentally Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x07005491 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (06) ◽

pp. 1037-1046 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Yolanda Y. Pérez ◽

Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer ◽

Alejandro Zamilpa ◽

Marcelino Hernández-Valencia ◽

Francisco J. Alarcón-Aguilar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Weight ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Insulin Tolerance ◽

Aloe Vera Gel ◽

Experimentally Induced

Insulin resistance, which precedes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a widespread pathology associated with the metabolic syndrome, myocardial ischemia, and hypertension. Finding an adequate treatment for this pathology is an important goal in medicine. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of an extract from Aloe vera gel containing a high concentration of polyphenols on experimentally induced insulin resistance in mice. A polyphenol-rich Aloe vera extract (350 mg/kg) with known concentrations of aloin (181.7 mg/g) and aloe-emodin (3.6 mg/g) was administered orally for a period of 4 weeks to insulin resistant ICR mice. Pioglitazone (50 mg/kg) and bi-distilled water were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Body weight, food intake, and plasma concentrations of insulin and glucose were measured and insulin tolerance tests were performed. The insulin resistance value was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula. Results showed that the polyphenol-rich extract from Aloe vera was able to decrease significantly both body weight ( p < 0.008) and blood glucose levels ( p < 0.005) and to protect animals against unfavorable results on HOMA-IR, which was observed in the negative control group. The highest glucose levels during the insulin tolerance curve test were in the negative control group when compared to the Aloe vera extract and pioglitazone treated mice ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, Aloe vera gel could be effective for the control of insulin resistance.

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Effect of Mechanical Stress on Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint: a Morphological and Histological Evaluation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-658268/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kohei Nagai ◽

Takenobu Ishii ◽

Yasushi Nishii

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

T Cell ◽

Mechanical Stress ◽

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Mandibular Condyle ◽

Γδ T Cells ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Control Group ◽

Condylar Cartilage ◽

Layer Width

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ-RA) has been reported to have a larger incidence range than systemic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The presence or absence of mechanical stress (MS) is considered a factor in this. In this study, we hypothesized that TMJ-RA develops or worsens when excessive MS is applied to the temporomandibular joint of RA mouse models. We aimed to clarify the relationship between TMJ-RA and MS through morphological and histological evaluation. Methods Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in male DBA/1JNCrlj 9–12 weeks old mice by administering Type II collagen antibody and lipopolysaccharide to produce RA model mice. MS was applied to the mandibular condyle. The group was separated into non-RA (control group (N = 5) and MS group (N = 5)), and RA group (CAIA group (N = 5)and CAIA MS group (N = 5)). To confirm the morphological changes in the mandibular condyle, micro-CT imaging was performed. Histological evaluation of the TMJ was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining for condylar cartilage cell layer thickness, Safranin O staining for proteoglycans, and tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase staining for osteoclast count. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to assess the localization of cartilage destruction enzymes using ADAMTS-5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) antibody. Additionally, CD3 (cluster of differentiation), CD45, and γδ TCR (T cell receptor) antibodies were used to localize and identify the type of lymphocytes. Results In the CAIA MS model, a three-dimensional analysis of the temporomandibular joint by microcomputer tomography showed a crude change in the surface of the mandibular condyle. Histological examination revealed a decrease in the chondrocyte layer width and an increase in the number of osteoclasts in the mandibular condyle. T cell accumulation was observed, and γδ T cell involvement was confirmed. Conclusions In the CAIA model, the TMJ was less sensitive to the initiation of RA. However, the results suggested that it was exacerbated by MS, and that γδ T cells may be involved in TMJ-RA.

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