842-P: Damage Control (Group) for Youth with T1D: Capturing the True Value of NICH

Objective: The operating procedure of a resternotomy in open-heart surgery is a complicated procedure with potentially problematic outcomes partly due to potential adhesions in the pericardial cavity and retrosternal space. Use of a collagen membrane has shown encouraging results in adhesion prevention in several regions of the body. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of this collagen membrane in the prevention of pericardial adhesions. Materials and methods: A total of 12 pigs were divided randomly into 2 groups: an experimental group in which collagen membranes were used and a control group. After sternotomy and an anterior pericardiectomy, the epicardial surface was exposed to room air and irrigated with saline, and an epicardial abrasion was performed using a sponge. The pericardial defect was repaired using a collagen membrane in the experimental group or left uncovered in the control group. After 8 to 12 weeks, the pigs were killed, and a resternotomy was performed by a single-blinded surgeon enabling the evaluation of adhesions. The heart was then removed and sent for microscopic assessment conducted by a single-blinded pathologist. Results: The resternotomy operations performed using a collagen membrane demonstrated a nonstatistically significant trend of fewer macroscopic and microscopic adhesions in all regions ( P > .05), particularly in the retrosternal and defect regions. Conclusions: This study showed nonstatistically significant differences between the outcomes in the collagen membrane group and the control group in both macroscopic and microscopic adhesion prevention. Due to the many limitations in animal study design, further studies in human models will be needed before the true value of this procedure can be evaluated.

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Treatment outcomes in patients with multiple and concomitant trauma managed with minimally invasive osteosynthesis technologies and electromagnetic waves of the terahertz range

Genij Ortopedii ◽

10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-1-6-12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 6-12

Author(s):

S.Yu. Lukin ◽

◽

Yu.P. Soldatov ◽

A.N. Diachkov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Minimally Invasive ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Damage Control ◽

Medullary Canal ◽

Terahertz Range ◽

Control Group ◽

Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis ◽

Group I

Purpose To assess the effectiveness of minimally invasive technologies of osteosynthesis and electromagnetic waves of the terahertz range in patients with multiple and concomitant trauma. Materials and methods The process of rehabilitation was studied in 513 patients with polytrauma of varying severity which was more than 26 points on the ISS scale. The patients were diagnosed with 545 injuries of different organs and systems. All patients with severe concomitant and multiple trauma were divided into 3 groups: Group I of controls, treated in1995–2001, consisted of 269 patients whose treatment was conservative and aggressive (surgical, with the use of plating or intramedullary osteosynthesis); Group II was the experimental study group consisting of subgroup A of 202 patients treated in 2002–2009 in whom “damage control” concept was applied and subgroup B of 42 patients treated in 2010–2017 using the damage control tactics and new minimally invasive methods of treatment and devices (non-invasive lung ventilation in intensive care for fat embolism; rational osteosynthesis in closed chest trauma; minimally invasive guided method of transosseous osteosynthesis, including the use of fixators with hydroxyapatite coating; rational surgical approach to pelvic bones; universal guide for reaming the medullary canal) and exposure to electromagnetic waves of the terahertz range (EMWTHR)of the xiphoid process of the sternum to stimulate the immune system. Results It was revealed that the use of minimally invasive, low-traumatic methods of treating bone fractures in severe polytrauma and methods stimulating the immune system and tissue regeneration (subgroup II B) contributed to an improvement of anatomical and functional results of treatment by 1.3 times compared with the control group. The quality of life of patients in this group, in comparison with the control group, was 1.6 times higher for injuries of the upper limb and 1.9 times higher for injuries of the lower limb. An integral analysis of the effectiveness of the treatment revealed a reliable increase in the effectiveness to a satisfactory level. Conclusion The use of EMWTHR in the complex treatment of such patients is a promising method for stimulating hematological and immunological processes. The first results described in the literature are optimistic.

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Surgical Treatment for Unstable Pelvic Ring Injuries

N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics ◽

10.17816/vto2013049-16 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

S. V Donchenko ◽

V. E Dubrov ◽

L. Yu Slinyakov ◽

A. V Chernyaev ◽

A. F Lebedev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

External Fixation ◽

Pelvic Ring ◽

Damage Control ◽

Main Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Concomitant Injuries ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Pelvic Ring Injuries ◽

Unstable Pelvic Ring Injuries

Treatment results for 67 patients (43 men, 24 women), aged 15–70 years, with unstable pelvic ring injuries are presented. In 15 cases conservative treatment (control group) and in 52 cases various surgical interventions (main group) were performed. In the main group of patients a strategy of two5step surgical treatment of the victims with multiple and concomitant injuries Damage control concept was applied. It included urgent stabilization of pelvic ring with external fixation devices and C-frame, bleeding arrest, final fixation within first 5–7 days after stabilization of patient’s condition. Restoration of the anterior semi5ring was performed using either external fixation device or a reconstructive plate. Stabilization of sacroiliac junction was per5 formed with cannulated screws. All patients were allowed to walk on crutches within 1–5 days after operation. In control and main groups the duration of hospitalization made up 43.7±2.5 and 25.7±3.1 days (p

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A Prospective, Controlled Evaluation of the Abdominal Reapproximation Anchor Abdominal Wall Closure System in Combination with VAC Therapy Compared with VAC Alone in the Management of an Open Abdomen

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481408000620 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 80 (6) ◽

pp. 567-571 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kristin L. Long ◽

David A. Hamilton ◽

Daniel L. Davenport ◽

Andrew C. Bernard ◽

Paul A. Kearney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Use ◽

Primary Closure ◽

Open Abdomen ◽

Damage Control ◽

Fascial Closure ◽

Control Group ◽

Anchor System ◽

Controlled Evaluation ◽

Operative Costs ◽

Abdominal Compartment

Dramatic increases in damage control and decompressive laparotomies and a significant increase in patients with open abdominal cavities have resulted in numerous techniques to facilitate fascial closure. We hypothesized addition of the abdominal reapproximation anchor system (ABRA) to the KCI Abdominal Wound Vac™ (VAC) or KCI ABThera™ would increase successful primary closure rates and reduce operative costs. Fourteen patients with open abdomens were prospectively randomized into a control group using VAC alone (control) or a study group using VAC plus ABRA (VAC-ABRA). All patients underwent regular VAC changes; patients receiving VAC-ABRA also underwent concomitant daily elastomer adjustment of the ABRA system. Primary end points included abdominal closure, number of operating room (OR) visits, and OR time use. Eight patients were included in the VAC-ABRA group and six patients in the control group. Primary closure rates between groups were not statistically different; however, the number of trips to the OR and OR time use were different. Despite higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, larger starting wound size, and higher rates of abdominal compartment syndrome, closure rates in the VAC-ABRA group were similar to VAC alone. Importantly, however, fewer OR trips and less OR time were required for the VAC-ABRA group.

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Orginal Article. Nephritic cell damage and antioxidant status in rats exposed to leachate from battery recycling industry

Interdisciplinary Toxicology ◽

10.1515/intox-2016-0001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jacob K. Akintunde ◽

Ganiyu Oboh

Keyword(s):

Chronic Exposure ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Damage Control ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Free Access ◽

Recycling Industry ◽

Battery Recycling ◽

The Individual

Abstract Limited studies have assessed the toxic effect of sub-acute and sub-chronic exposure of leachate (mixture of metals) in mammalian kidney. The sub-acute and sub-chronic exposure of mature male Wistar-strain albino rats (200-220 g) were given by oral administration with leachate from Elewi Odo municipal battery recycling industry (EOMABRIL) for period of 7 and 60 days respectively, at different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%). This was to evaluate its toxic effects on male renal functions using biomarkers of oxidative stress and nephro-cellular damage. Control groups were treated equally, but given distilled water instead of the leachate. All the groups were fed with the same standard food and had free access to drinking water. Following the exposure, results showed that the treatment induced systemic toxicity at the doses tested by causing a significant (p<0.05) alteration in enzymatic antioxidantscatalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the kidneys which resulted into elevated levels of malonaldehyde (MDA). Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were found to be significantly (p<0.05) depleted relative to the control group. Considerable renal cortical congestion and numerous tubules with protein casts were observed in the lumen of EOMABRIL-treated rats. These findings conclude that possible mechanism by which EOMABRIL at the investigated concentrations elicits nephrotoxicity could be linked to the individual, additive, synergistic or antagonistic interactions of this mixture of metals with the renal bio-molecules, alteration of kidney detoxifying enzymes and necrosis of nephritic tubular epithelial cells.

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The course “Regional studies (history and art)” in the formation of civic identity in the students of Russian universities

Perspectives of science and education ◽

10.32744/pse.2021.2.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 204-218

Author(s):

Dmitry A. Hvorostov ◽

◽

Galina A. Gorbunova ◽

Konstantin N. Savelyev ◽

Oksana P. Savelyeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Character Education ◽

Professional Training ◽

Life Experience ◽

Civic Identity ◽

Control Group ◽

Regional Studies ◽

Main Research ◽

True Value ◽

Experimental Group

At the present stage, due approaches to the formation of civic identity of Russian university students are becoming an important element of learners’ socialisation. The major problems faced by the pedagogues are as follows: first, selection of the content of educational programme or course helping to shape proper values, knowledge and practical competencies; second, methods and pedagogical technologies that are productive and efficient in terms of training of future specialists. Practicing the course “Regional studies (history and art)” will make it possible to acquaint the students with the historical and artistic heritage of their region and provide the insight into the true value thereof through research and interdisciplinary project activities. The main research methods are: analysis of scientific and pedagogical research papers on the history of development of regional studies in Russia, on significance of the historical and cultural heritage for character education, with consideration of approaches to the formation of learners’ civic identity; modelling and experimental approbation of the course involving control (startup) research and final diagnostics, as well as the analysis of obtained results. Diagnostic techniques: Kuhn’s and McPartland’s test modified by Kozhanov; “Index of Tolerance” methodology (Soldatova, Kravtsova, Khukhlaev, Shaigerova), methods for identifying value orientation (Biryukova, adapted); “Incomplete thesis” methodology (Baiborodova, adapted); “Reflecting on life experience” test (Shchurkova, adapted); authorial case assignments and criteria for evaluating academic/creative output. 274 university students from Saint Petersburg, Orel, Magnitogorsk took part in the pedagogical experiment in such areas of training as Philology, Painting and Applied Arts, Design. The course “Regional studies (history and art)” was delivered in the experimental group for three years. The first year was devoted to introductory and preparatory work; the second year was focused on the study of regional architecture; the third year involved implementation of a project – layout of a complex of architectural structures with regard for regional specifics. After a series of classes, the number of students with a high level of civic identity doubled in the experimental group and reached 29%; the number of those with a low level of civic identity decreased by half, down to 18.75%. As to the control group, the indicative figures changed insignificantly. The use of the interdisciplinary course “Regional studies (history and art)” in the professional training of future specialists efficiently contributes to increased level of students’ civic identity. The authors relate the prospects for further research in this area with studying the ways to increase student motivation in project activities of sociocultural character.

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Indicators of cellular metabolism alterationsin patients with traumatic disease due to hypoxia, depending on a management regimen of intensive care

Zaporozhye Medical Journal ◽

10.14739/2310-1210.2021.6.224373 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 820-827

Author(s):

M. S. Matvieienko ◽

Y. V. Volkova ◽

I. V. Belozorov ◽

K. E. Shamoun ◽

O. V. Riabov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Operating Room ◽

Damage Control ◽

Cellular Metabolism ◽

Surgical Correction ◽

Cellular Respiration ◽

Control Group ◽

Metabolic Processes ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Compensatory Mechanisms

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the level of erythrocyte metabolism under conditions of hypoxia in patients with traumatic disease in polytrauma depending on the components of intensive care (IC). Materials and methods. A prospective study was carried out in 88 patients suffering from polytrauma in the period from 2015 to 2017. All the patients were divided into 2 groups, comparable by severity of trauma and condition. A special feature of the examined patients was the staged surgical correction in all cases according to the Damage Control concept. Patients from the Control group received an intensive care according to the standard local clinical protocol in polytrauma. Patients randomized to the FDP group were treated with infusion of D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate sodium hydrate in addition to the standard care. Hemodynamic parameters and cellular metabolism indicators were monitored: on admission to the operating room, after 24 hours, on day 3, 5 and 14. Results. The signs of hypovolemia were equally severe in both groups on admission to the operating room. The FDP group demonstrated more rapid stabilization of hemodynamics and improved myocardial contractility at the 3rd day of IC. The monitoring of acid-base balance and carbohydrate metabolism showed the presence of compensated metabolic acidosis and energy deficiency. High indexes of lactate/pyruvate indicated a sharp imbalance in the ratio of aerobic/anaerobic metabolic processes. The analysis of ATP dynamics displayed impaired mitochondrial ATP production and inhibition of the glycolytic pathway of energy release. Conclusions. Complementary systemic inflammatory response with the elevation of lactate level by the 5th day occurred in patients with traumatic disease who underwent staged surgical correction. Optimization of intensive care resulted in a faster restoration of the balance between aerobic and anaerobic metabolic processes, an increase in the level of ATP and the rate of 2,3-DPG production in erythrocytes contributing to adequate oxygen supply to the tissues, supporting cellular respiration and preventing the development of oxidative tissue damage, as well as helped to maintain compensatory mechanisms and reduce cellular hypoxia ensuring adequate metabolism of vital organs.

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Hexachlorobenzene toxicity in the monkey ovary: III. Ultrastructure induced by high (10 mg/kg) dose exposure

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100084958 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 130-131

Author(s):

A. Singh ◽

A. Dykeman ◽

J. Jarrelf ◽

D. C. Villeneuve

Keyword(s):

Present Report ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Control Group ◽

Primate Model ◽

Human Follicular Fluid ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽

Cacodylate Buffer ◽

Induction Cycle ◽

Comprehensive Study

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), a persistent and mobile organochlorine pesticide, occurs in environment. HCB has been shown to be present in human follicular fluid. An objective of the present report, which is part of a comprehensive study on reproductive toxicity of HCB, was to determine the cytologic effects of the compound on ovarian follicles in a primate model.Materials and Methods. Eight Cynomolgus monkeys were housed under controlled conditions at Animal facility of Health and Welfare, Ottawa. Animals were orally administered gelatin capsules containing HCB mixed with glucose in daily dosages of 0.0 or 10 mg/kg b.w. for 90 days; the former was the control group. On the menstrual period following completion of dosing, the monkeys underwent an induction cycle of superovulation. At necropsy, one-half of an ovary from each animal was diced into ca. 2- to 3-mm cubed specimens that were fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3). Subsequent procedures followed to obtain thin sections that were examined in a Hitachi H-7000 electron microscope have been described earlier.

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The effect of bromocriptine on mammary-gland ultrastructure of hyperprolactinemic rats

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111136 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 204-205

Author(s):

I.C. Murray

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Dopamine Agonist ◽

Alveolar Epithelium ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Once Daily ◽

Long Evans

In women, hyperprolactinemia is often due to a prolactin (PRL)-secreting adenoma or PRL cell hyperplasia. RRL excess stimulates the mammary glands and causes proliferation of the alveolar epithelium. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, inhibits PRL secretion and is given to women to treat nonpuerperal galactorrhea. Old female rats have been reported to have PRL cell hyperplasia or adenoma leading to PRL hypersecretion and breast stimulation. Herein, we describe the effect of bromocriptine and consequently the reduction in serum PRL levels on the ultrastructure of rat mammary glands.Female Long-Evans rats, 23 months of age, were divided into control and bromocriptine-treated groups. The control animals were injected subcutaneously once daily with a 10% ethanol vehicle and were later divided into a normoprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels under 30 ng/ml and a hyperprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels above 30 ng/ml.

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Acetaminophen: Neonatal hepatotoxicity due to late pregnancy exposure

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100127906 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 718-719

Author(s):

G.A. Miranda ◽

M.A. Arroyo ◽

C.A. Lucio ◽

M. Mongeotti ◽

S.S. Poolsawat

Keyword(s):

Low Dose ◽

Fetal Liver ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Toxic Chemicals ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Neonatal Liver ◽

Childbearing Women

Exposure to drugs and toxic chemicals, during late pregnancy, is a common occurrence in childbearing women. Some studies have reported that more than 90% of pregnant women use at least 1 prescription; of this, 60% used more than one. Another study indicated that 80% of the consumed drugs were not prescribed, and of this figure, 95% were “over-the-counter” drugs. Acetaminophen, the safest of all over-the-counter drugs, has been reported to induce fetal liver necrosis in man and animals and to have abortifacient and embryocidal action in mice. This study examines the degree to which acetaminophen affects the neonatal liver and kidney, when a fatty diet is simultaneously fed to the mother during late pregnancy.Timed Swiss Webster female mice were gavaged during late pregnancy (days 16-19) with fat suspended acetaminophen at a high dose, HD = 84.50 mg/kg, and a low dose, LD = 42.25 mg/kg; a control group received fat alone.

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