scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects of Mentha Pulegium Extract against Staphyloccocus Aureus Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nehia Hussein ◽  
Zainab Nabeel

    The effects of aqueous and alcoholic of extracts Mentha pulegium leaves were studied on the growth of strain Staphylococcus aureus that isolated from burns. The Phytochemical analysis of The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Mentha pulegium leaves show the presence of bioactive constituents like comarins, steroids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols  and essential oil. the ethanolic extract show an inhibition zone larger than aqueous extract.Results show that the ethanolic extract inhibits bacterial growth with inhibition zone(30.33mm) but the aqueous extract give an inhibition zone(8mm). In this study, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was detected and the result varies according to the type of extract.

Author(s):  
Dharani Dharan ◽  
K. Venkatesh ◽  
S.S. Meenambiga ◽  
Dhivya Dhanasekar ◽  
P. Arumugam

The presented work represents phytochemical analysis, Antioxidant assay and Antimicrobial activity of Bhut jolokia pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq) extracted by ethanol as solvent. The ethanolic extract of Bhut jolokia pepper showed the presence of terpenoids, steroids, saponins and flavonoids. Antimicrobial assay was done with varying concentration (250-1000µg/ml) of pepper extract using tetracycline as control by well diffusion method, the extract at 750µg/ml shown best inhibition zone and Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest zone of inhibition at all concentration compared to other bacteria species with maximum zone of inhibition of 27mm. The DPPH scavenging assay for antioxidant activity at 517nm showed positive activity for scavenging, scavenging increased with the concentration of extract. Thus, Bhut jolokia could be effective in treating diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus from antimicrobial assay result.


2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bashir ◽  
I Yusuf ◽  
AS Kutama

Five traditional herbal preparations were sampled between May-June, 2009 in Kano. The samples were investigated for invitro antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Likewise, phytochemical screening tests were conducted to determine some of the phytochemicals present in the ethanolic and water extracts of the samples. Various concentrations of the extracts were prepared using serial doubling dilutions (5000=l/ml, 2500=g/ml, 1250=g/ml, 625=g/ml and 312.5=g/ml). All the test extracts showed slight antibacterial activity against the test organism, with ethanolic extract of sample E having the highest zone diameter of inhibition, while sample H had the lowest diameter of inhibition. The standard antibiotic disc (Gentamicin) had demonstrated the highest activity on the test organisms. The results of the Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroid in all the samples, tannin in samples A, C, D and E, reducing sugars in sample A, D and E respectively. The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be above 312.5=g/ml for samples C, D and E. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Herbal preparations, antibacterial activity, Phytochemical screening and minimum inhibitory concentration.


2019 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Chanai Noysang ◽  
Teerarat Pummarin

Benchalokawichian (BLW) remedy is a Thai traditional medicine that has been notified in the List of Medicine Products of the National List of Essential Drugs A.D. 2006 and has long been used as an antipyretic. The phytochemicals of the 70% and 95% ethanolic extracts of were studied by color reaction test and HPTLC analysis. The BLW remedy showed a highest amounts of 70% ethanolic extractives (ca. 3.99 ± 0.60% of dry material weight). The several ethanolic extracts showed similar qualitative phytochemicals. The major of phytochemicals identified in these extracts were alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The analysed 70% ethanolic extract showed a highest antioxidant activity at IC50= 526.09 µg/ml and both extracts not showed tyrosinase inhibitory effect. The 95% ethanolic extract showed the greatest anti-propionibacterium acnes activity with inhibition zone of 10.10 ± 0.45 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 5.05 mg/ml


MEDULA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiruddin Eso ◽  
Sufiah Asri Mulyawati ◽  
Eka Rahmawati

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacterium that causes pyogenic infectious disease, such as boils, pimples, endocarditis and sepsis. Resistance of S. aureus is continued growth that made it becomes a very serious problem that need to be solved by looking for another effective alternative for this infection. Several of marine life can be used as a source of antibacterial medication, antiviral, and antifungal. One alternative of antibacterial that comes from water resources is brown seaweed (Sargassum sp.). Purposes: This study aimed to find out the inhibitory fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate of Sargassum sp. against the growth of S. aureus Methods: This study applied quasi experimental method which used posttest-only control design. Samples used in the form of brown seaweed treatment of fraction n-hexane and Ethyl acetate derived from Desa Bungin Permai Kecamatan Tinanggea Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. The fraction inhibition test was conducted by diffusion agar method used variant concentration (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) with three repetitions. Erythromycin as control (+) and DMSO 10% as control (-).Result: The study result showed that the n-hexane and Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum sp. extract was able in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus that seen with the clear zone around the paper disc. Based on this result, the minimum inhibitory fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate obtained in this study was at the concentration of 20%. The diameter average of inhibition zone in both fractions in the concentration 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% were 9.3 mm, 12.3 mm, 25.6 mm, 27 mm, 27.7 mm for n-hexane fraction, mean while the diameter average of inhibition zone in the ethyl acetate fraction was 4.6 mm, 16 mm, 19.3mm, 27.6mm, 29.6 mm. ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 40%, 80%,100% inhibitory zone diameter higher than the fraction of n-hexane while at a concentration of 20% and 60% inhibitory zone diameter higner than the fraction of ethyl acetate. Conclusion: Based on the result of the study, it was concluded that the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate of Sargassum sp. has an inhibitory effect against the growth of S. aureus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction was at the concentration of 20%. Fraction of n-heksan and ethyl acetate equally have a strong inhibition of the growth of S. aureus bacteria. Keywords : ethyl acetate fraction, minimum inhibitory concentration, n-hexane fraction, Sargassum sp, Staphylococcus aureus Latar Belakang: Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri gram positif penyebab terjadinya penyakit infeksi yang bersifat piogenik seperti bisul, jerawat, endokarditis dan sepsis. Kejadian resistensi antibakteri terhadap S. aureus terus meningkat sehingga menjadi masalah yang sangat serius sehingga diperlukan alternatif lain untuk mengatasi penyakit infeksi yang lebih efektif. Beberapa hasil biota laut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antibakteri, antivirus dan antijamur. Salah satu bahan alternatif sebagai antibakteri yang berasal dari sumber perairan yakni rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum sp.). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat fraksi N-Heksana dan Etil Asetat Sargassum sp. terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental dengan desain post test-only control. Sampel yang digunakan berupa perlakuan fraksi N-Heksan dan Etil Asetat Sargassum sp. yang berasal dari Desa Bungin Permai Kecamatan Tinanggea Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Pengujian daya hambat dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dalam berbagai konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Eritromisin yang digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan DMSO 10% (Dimetil sulfoksida) sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi Sargassum sp. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus yang dilihat dengan adanya zona bening disekitar kertas cakram. Konsentrasi hambat minimum dari kedua fraksi pada konsentrasi 20%. Perbedaan rerata diameter zona hambat pada kedua fraksi dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% yaitu sebesar 9,3 mm,12,3 mm, 25,6 mm, 27 mm, 27,7 mm pada fraksi n- heksan dan 4,6 mm, 16 mm, 19,3 mm, 27,6 mm, 29,6 mm pada fraksi etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat pada konsentrasi 40%, 80%, 100% diameter zona hambatnya lebih tinggi dari pada fraksi n-heksan sedangkan pada fraksi n-heksan konsentrasi 20% dan 60% diameter zona hambatnya lebih tinggi dibandingkan fraksi etil asetat. Simpulan: Simpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa fraksi n-heksan dan fraksi etil asetat Sargassum sp. mempunyai daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus ekstrak rumput laut cokelat mengandung senyawa flavonoid, steroid, saponin dan tannin. Konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM ) dari kedua fraksi yaitu pada konsentrasi 20 %. Fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat mempunyai daya hambat yang kuat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureusKata Kunci : fraksi etil asetat, fraksi n-heksan, Kadar Hambat Minimun, Sargassum sp,  Staphylococcus aureus


Author(s):  
Agus Purwanggana ◽  
Esti Mumpuni ◽  
Esti Mulatsari

Objective: The main objective of this research were screened in vitro and in silico of 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one as potential antibacterial agents.Methods: The in vitro antibacterial study was carried against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (gram positive) and Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi (gram negative) using broth dilution method to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), disc diffusion method to determine the diameter of inhibition zone. In silico antibacterial study was carried using computational software Protein-Ligand ANT System (PLANTS), computational docking was carried using receptor with Protein Data Bank (PDB) file 3MZD. The structures were optimized prior docking using YASARA, and MarvinSketch. The results of antibacterial testing were compared to two positive control drugs i. e amoxicillin and cefadroxil.Results: In vitro evaluation showed that 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one has a better antibacterial activity than amoxicillin and cefadroxil with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.15 ppm and diameter of inhibition zone of 11.27±0.31, 11.35±0.39, 11.25±0.33, and 11.05±0.45 mm in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella thypi, respectively. These results in line with in silico evaluation that showed 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one has more negative docking score than amoxicillin, cefadroxil, and cloxacillin acyl as a native ligand on the 3MZD receptor.Conclusion: This results obtained in this research work were 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one compound potential as an antibacterial agent. 


Author(s):  
Virginia Monserrate López Zambrano ◽  
Alex Alberto Dueñas Rivadeneira ◽  
José Gerardo Cuenca Nevárez ◽  
Joan Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz

Tagetes patula is an ornamental plant species and its essential oils contain potentially allelopathic active ingredients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of extracts, the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of flowering leaves of the species, on Staphylococcus aureus. For this, the extraction of the essential oil by hydrodistillation was carried out, evaluating the physical characteristics (solubility, density and refractive index) and phytochemical characteristics of the extracts through a phytochemical screening (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and reducing sugars). The quantificatics of phenols in the essential oil was performed by the Folin Ciocalteu method, the antioxidant activity using the DPPH and ABTS tests, the antimicrobial activity by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration. The results obtained showed for the essential oil, a density of 0,733 g.mL-1, refractive index of 1,47 and insolubility in ethanol (70 %), presence of tannins, flavonoids and phenols in the extracts. The phenolic content was 1.024 ± 0,19 mg.g-1 TAE, the antioxidant activity with DPPH was 87,6 ± 0,18 µmol.g-1TE and with ABTS 180,83 ± 0,36 µmol.g-1 TE in Trolox equivalent. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 16,67 mm against S. aureus, in response to which it is concluded that the essential oil of T. patula had antioxidant activity against radicals DPPH and ABTS, high phenolic contents and showed antibacterial activity in vitro tests against S. aureus.


2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 6279-2019
Author(s):  
MICHALINA ADASZYŃSKA-SKWIRZYŃSKA ◽  
DANUTA SZCZERBIŃSKA ◽  
SŁAWOMIR ZYCH

The aim of this study was to verify the existence of the synergistic antibacterial effect of lavender essential oil and linalool individually combined with the antibacterial drug gentamicin. We investigated in vitro the effectiveness of the combinations of gentamicin and lavender essential oil and of gentamicin and linalool against the following strains: Staphylococus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococus aureus MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. In order to determine the sensitivity of these microorganisms, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC – Minimal Inhibitory Concentration). The study of the interaction of gentamicin with lavender oil and linalool was evaluated by the checkerboard method. Synergistic interaction between lavender essential oil and gentamicin and between linalool and gentamicin was observed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus aureus MRSA. In particular, a very strong synergistic interaction was observed against Staphyloccocus aureus MRSA (lavender essential oil FIC index = 0.14; linalool FIC index = 0.13). In contrast, combinations of gentamicin and lavender essential oil and of gentamicin and linalool were less effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.


2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Irene Edith Rieuwpassa ◽  
Rahmat Rahmat ◽  
Karlina Karlina

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Aloe vera extract in inhibiting the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus and to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on the growth of the bacteria.The method using the manufacture of aloe extract, extract dilution, purified Staphylococcus aureus, MIC test andview the zone of inhibition. The results show that the (MIC) of Aloe extract was at concentration of 0.25. After astatistical test with ANOVA test on survey data (α<0.05), then the result obtained 0.000. This shows significantdifferences between various concentrations of Aloe vera extract in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureusbacteria. The higher the concentrationof Aloe vera extract, the more expand diameter of inhibition zone. Thusextracts of Aloe vera may be used to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.


Author(s):  
M. M. Shah, U. Abdulmutalib, K.M. Ibrahim

This research was aimed at testing the antibacterial properties of Lantana camara plant leaves extracts against the bacteria isolated from the epicarp of an unwashed garden egg Solanum melongena fruit. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the plant leaves shows that the plant possesses Tannin, Saponin, Glycosides and Reducing sugar, while Anthraquinones, Alkaloid were absent in all the various extracts used. Three different types of bacteria were isolated from the epicarp of the unwashed fruit sample; they include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the leaf extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 12mg/mL for the methanolic extract and 48mg/mL for the ethanolic extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration on Streptococcus spp. was 8mg/mL for the methanolic extract and 4 mg/mL for ethanolic extract, while the minimum inhibitory concentration on Staphylococcus aureus was 25 mg/mL for the methanolic extract and 7 mg/mL for the ethanolic extract. Methanolic extracts have the highest activity on Staphylococcus aureus at 8 mg/mL, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa at12 mg/mL and the least was on Streptococcus spp. at 25 mg/mL. While with ethanolic extracts, the highest activity was on Streptococcus spp. at 4 mg/mL followed by Staphylococcus aureus at 7 mg/mL and the least was on Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 48 mg/mL. Therefore, Lantana camara leaves contain bioactive compounds believe to have a bactericidal effect at various concentrations species wise.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Arviani - Arviani ◽  
Dwi Larasati

Boborongan (Hyptis brevipes) is empirically used in ethnomedicine containing of essential oil which it is applied to inhibit the growth of the Staphyllococcus aureus. Cream preparation along with oil in water emulsion is often applied due to easiness and compliance particulary for  cosmetic and aesthetic use. This study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of cream based essential oil of Hyptis brevipes against Staphylococcus aureus. Essential oil from Hyptis brevipes was isolated using the water vapor distillation method. Cream based essential oil of Hyptis brevipes of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%, respectively. Antibacterial activity study was carried out using a well diffusion method. Antibacterial inhibition was obtained by measuring the clear zone on the medium. The results of the antibacterial inhibition test showed that the cream based Hyptis brevipes essential oil along with concentration of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% showed antibacterial activity with the diameter of inhibition zone are 5.3 mm; 5.1 mm; and 6 mm, respectively. Therefore, it prooved that the essential oil of Hyptis brevipes was a promising candidate for antibacterial substance


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