Ecological aspects of modernization of alcohol industry enterprises at the present stage of development

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Marianna Havryshko ◽  
◽  
Olena Popovych ◽  
Halyna Yaremko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
World Industry

At the present stage of development, the entire world industry has faced the problem of rational use of renewable natural resources, in particular the most efficient ways of wastewater treatment and the use of accumulated waste in the production process as a secondary raw material. In particular, the alcohol industry, as one of the components of food, medical, chemical and various industries,leads to the formation of huge amounts of waste, including wastewater. The food industry, like any other industry, has a negative impact on the environment. Water bodies are the most affected by the food industry. Almost the first place in terms of water consumption per unit of production is the production of alcohol. Consumption of large amounts of water leads to the formation of wastewater, which is highly polluted and adversely affects the environment. Due to the high chemical and biological consumption of oxygen, specific color and odor, suspended solids, low pH value, the purification of such waste in the filtration fields and discharge into water bodies is not possible. The purpose of our work is: 1) conducting the analysis of the alcohol industry potential in Ukraine in recent years, and methods of waste disposal as a potential source for the development of bioenergy. 2) environmental aspects of the alcohol industry modernization at present stage of development and implementation of modern wastewater treatment technologies.

scholarly journals Medical, social and organizational bases of staff security in penitentiary institutions of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Юрий Владимирович Ишков ◽  
Yuriy Vladimirovich Ishkov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Medical Safety ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Correctional System ◽  
Constitutional System

The article discusses various aspects of ensuring the safety of employees of the penal and correctional system in prisons of the Russian Federation at the present stage of development of society. Particular attention is paid to the influence of a criminogenic environment on the penal and correctional system staff performing their official duties in pre-trial detention centers and cor-rectional facilities. The regulatory framework governing the procedure and conditions of service by the employees of the Russian penitentiary system has been characterized. Three main objects of security are distinguished: personality (its rights and freedoms), society (its material and spiritual values), state (its constitutional system, sovereignty and territorial value). The shortcomings in the work of the penal and correctional system, which have a negative impact on the safety of personnel of institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service, have been analyzed. The emphasis is placed on the need to ensure medical safety for prison staff and persons held in prisons

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES OF MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS FOR WASTEWATER PURIFICATION FROM WASTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS AND BIOGENIC ELEMENTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Boichenko ◽  
O.O. Vovk ◽  
S.V. Boichenko ◽  
S.I. Shamanskyi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

The article analyzes modern methods of wastewater treatment from bioresistant pharmaceutical products and biogenic elements. Pharmaceuticals, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, antibiotics, narcotic drugs, hormones, drugs that reduce cholesterol,etc., are often get into sewage in small quantities. They are hardly biodegradable and, passing through wastewater treatment plants without any changes, they often end up in water bodies. They have significant negative impact on aquatic ecosystems and human health, while being present in open waters even in small quantities. Among the nutrients that are also present in the wastewater, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds deserve the greatest attention. While getting into water bodies, they cause eutrophication, which isalso dangerous to ecosystems and human beings. It is shown that among modern variety of purification methods, the most suitable for removal of pharmaceutical products and biogenic elements are biochemical methods and photopurification technologies, as well as using membrane bioreactors. Biosorption-membrane methods open the possibility to use modern biotechnologies for efficient removal of bioresistant xenobiotics and reducing their negative impact on natural environment. Using photopurification technologies can help to reduce amount of nutrients discharged in surface water bodies, thus reducing their potential for eutrophication, as well as receiving additional renewable energy sources. Bibl. 30, Fig. 3, Tab. 4.  

scholarly journals Songket Industry Wastewater Processing Using Electrocoagulation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Rusdianasari Rusdianasari ◽  
Ibnu Hajar ◽  
Indri Ariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Industry Wastewater

The increment of Songket popularity as the traditional fabric from South Sumatra increases the production of Songket and the wastewater produced during the dying process. The dying process produces the reddish wastewater, and if it is disposed of directly into the environment, it will have a negative impact on the waters. The wastewater treatment of this reddish liquid is by electrocoagulation method. Electrocoagulation method is contaminants removal by electrical and chemical treatment system. The electrocoagulation method in this research was conducted in a batch where the wastewater was treated using 16.5 x 7.0 x 0.2 cm aluminum electrode. The parameters varied were the current density and processing time to determine the pH value, color intensity, BOD5, COD, TSS, and phenol levels. The optimum condition obtained from this study at a current density of 25 A/m2 with a processing time of 160 minutes. The effectiveness of Songket wastewater electrocoagulation was 67.28% for TSS, 54.13% for BOD5, 63.64% for COD, color intensity 79.21% and phenol content of 74.93% respectively. The result has fulfilled the quality standard of textile industry wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE MECHANISM OF MELANOIDIN ADSORPTION KINETICS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY CARBONIC ADSORBENTS

2017 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Kseniya Zelenaya ◽  
Kseniya Zelenaya ◽  
Nadezhda Golubeva ◽  
Nadezhda Golubeva ◽  
Alena Khlopova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Homogeneous Model ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
External Mass Transfer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Melanoidins are widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Melanoidins, which get in water bodies with wastewater of plants, pollute them, which subsequently can have a negative impact on the population health. Wastewater treatment of plants is an important condition to preserve the integrity of aquatic ecosystems. Sorption filtration is the most effective way of removing organic substances among the methods, used for wastewater treatment. To study the adsorption kinetics, the carbonic sorbents of the brands ABG and Purolat-Standard were used, which differ with a raw material, a surface chemistry state and a porous structure. The study of the adsorption kinetics allows to determine the mechanism of mass transfer in the system adsorbent-adsorbate and to obtain the parameters, necessary for engineering evaluation of adsorption processes in practice. It is shown that the time of reaching equilibrium in the sorption system varies in the range of 150-250 minutes. The degree of reaching the adsorption equilibrium () and the dimensionless kinetic parameters T have been calculated, which are proportional to the time of the process (t). It is found that the melanoidin adsorption rate is controlled by external mass transfer, necessary for calculation of optimum parameters and modes of the adsorption process. Experimental research allows to determine that the granules of the used carbonic sorbents interact with the dissolved substance in the full volume and throughout the particle is in the reaction zone; such interaction relates to a quasi-homogeneous model. It is shown that at the melanoidin adsorption, the rate of the internal diffusive mass transfer depends on the porous structure of the carbonic adsorbents. A high value of the external mass transfer coefficient for the carbonic sorbent Purolat-Standard suggests a high degree of melanoidin extraction from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Functionalized nanocelluloses as bio-based chemicals in froth flotation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feliciana Ludovici ◽  
Ana Luiza C.B. de Carvalho ◽  
Robert Hartmann ◽  
Henrikki Liimatainen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Conditions

<p>Froth flotation is the most common process in the mining industry for the beneficiation of complex sulfide ores. For this purpose, thiol collectors (mostly xanthates) are typically used as flotation chemicals because of their efficacy. However, concerns for their effect on human health and negative impact on the environment increasingly urge for alternative candidates. Consequently, there are great ecological and economical interests to develop novel green chemicals from renewable resources to overcome the inherent environmental and health problems associated with traditional petroleum-derived mining chemicals. Cellulose, which is the most abundant natural polymer resource, represents a green alternative raw material to develop sustainable chemicals that could replace currently used synthetic additives. In the present work, we introduce a novel environmentally friendly and industrially feasible process to produce selective froth flotation chemicals. Therefore, the pulp fibers were disintegrated to cellulose nanoparticles and further functionalized with a silylation reaction in aqueous conditions. Two different functional groups were incorporated into the cellulose nanoparticles and subsequently investigated, namely a thiol-functional moiety, which has an affinity towards pyrite ore surfaces, or an amine-functional moiety, which has an affinity towards silica surfaces. Microflotation tests were carried out in a Hallimond tube to study the flotability of pure pyrite or quartz as a function of pH value, collector concentration, flotation time, and gas flow rate using the novel green nanoparticles, and their results were compared with commercial xanthate and amine chemicals.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: cellulose nanoparticles, deep-eutectic solvent, silylation, ore beneficiation, froth flotation.</p>

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE TAMBOV INDUSTRIAL HUB

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Ryazanov A.V. ◽  
Mozharov A.V. ◽  
Zawershinskiy A.N.
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City

One of the reasons for the current global environmental crisis is the intense anthropogenic impact on water bodies, which results in their depletion and pollution. The source of the negative impact is, in particular, insufficiently treated wastewater from industrial enterprises. Depending on the technological processes used, toxicants can enter the water bodies along with the effluents, which pose a serious threat to them. The aim of the work is to consider the features of water supply and wastewater disposal of enterprises that make up the industrial hub of the city of Tambov. The work used methods of analysis of technical documentation and statistical reporting characterizing the qualitative and quantitative composition of wastewater. Water supply of the considered enterprises is carried out from the city water supply network and own artesian wells. All enterprises do not have full-fledged treatment facilities capable of carrying out a full cycle of wastewater treatment with bringing them to a standard clean state. The use of galvanic technologies in production requires preliminary cleaning at local treatment facilities. Then the wastewater goes to the city wastewater treatment plant, where it is processed together with the municipal wastewater. Normally clean and storm water flows directly into the surface water body. The largest enterprise of the industrial hub pumps its industrial effluents into deep aquifers. Over the entire period of its operation, over 52 million m3 of liquid toxic waste was injected. As a result, a zone of contaminated groundwater was formed under the enterprise and adjacent territories. In them, the excess of the maximum permissible concentrations for a number of parameters is constantly noted. Thus, this enterprise is a source of powerful, direct negative impact on groundwater and, indirectly, on surface water. This led to the emergence of a zone of sustainable environmental risk.

BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN THE CONCENTRATED DISTILLERY WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Golub ◽  
M. Potapova ◽  
M. Shinkarchuk ◽  
O. Kozlovets
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Spent Wash ◽  
Distillery Spent Wash

The paper deals with the waste disposal problem of the alcohol industry caused by the widespread use of alcohol as biofuels. In the technology for the production of alcohol from cereal crops, a distillery spent wash (DSW) is formed (per 1 dm3 of alcohol – 10–20 dm3 DSW), which refers to highly concentrated wastewater, the COD value reaches 40 g O2/dm3. Since the existing physical and chemical methods of its processing are not cost-effective, the researchers develop the processing technologies for its utilization, for example, an anaerobic digestion. Apart from the purification of highly concentrated wastewater, the advantage of this method is the production of biogas and highquality fertilizer. The problems of biotechnology for biogas production from the distillery spent wash are its high acidity–pH 3.7–5.0 (the optimum pH value for the methanogenesis process is 6.8–7.4) and low nitrogen content, the lack of which inhibits the development of the association of microorganisms. In order to solve these problems, additional raw materials of various origins (chemical compounds, spent anaerobic sludge, waste from livestock farms, etc.) are used. The purpose of this work is to determine the appropriate ratio of the fermentable mixture components: cosubstrate, distillery spent wash and wastewater of the plant for co-fermentation to produce an energy carrier (biogas) and effective wastewater treatment of the distillery. In order to ensure the optimal pH for methanogenesis, poultry manure has been used as a co-substrate. The co-fermentation process of DSW with manure has been carried out at dry matter ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7 respectively. It is found that when the concentration of manure in the mixture is insufficient (DSW/manure – 1:1, 1:3), the pH value decreases during fermentation which negatively affects methane formation; when the concentration of manure in the mixture is increased (DSW/manure – 1:5, 1:7), the process is characterized by a high yield of biogas and methane content. The maximum output of biogas with a methane concentration of 70 ± 2% is observed at the ratio of components on a dry matter “wastewater: DSW: manure” – 0,2:1:7 respectively. The COD reduction reaches a 70% when using co-fermentation with the combination of components “wastewater: DSW: manure” (0,3:1:5) respectively.

PEAS AND PRODUCTS OF ITS PROCESSING OF - NONCONVENTIONAL RAW MATERIAL RESOURCES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Y. Bolgova ◽  
◽  
N.A. Tarasenko ◽  
Z.S. Mukhametova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Rich

Nutrition is an important factor that affects human health. The use of plant proteins as various additives in food production has now been actively developed. The rich chemical composition of pea grains determines the possibility of application in the food industry. Peas are characterized by good assimilability and degree of digestion.

Storage Problems of Poplar Chips from Short Rotation Plantations with Special Emphasis on Fungal Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Horváth ◽  
Béla Marosvölgyi ◽  
Christine Idler ◽  
Ralf Pecenka ◽  
Hannes Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Fungal Particles

Abstract - There are several problems in storing wood chips freshly harvested from short rotation plantations, which result in quality losses as well as in dry matter and energy losses. The factors influencing the degradation of raw material are examined in this paper with special focus on fungal development. An excessive growth of fungi is connected to dry matter losses and also to an increased health risk during raw material handling. The following factors were measured during 6 months storage of poplar wood chips depending on particle size: box temperature, moisture content, pH-value, appearance of fungi in the storage and the concentration of fungal particles in the air. The results show a close connection between particle size, temperature and attack of fungi. During the storage mesophilic and termophilic species of the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Mucor and Penicillium appeared. The concentration of fungal particles is the highest for fine chips and decreases in bigger particles. There was a special focus on the investigation of the properties of coarse chips (G 50), which represent a good compromise between handling, storage losses and health risk due to fungal development.

Global recession risks and challenges to economic regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
E. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Transformation Processes

At the present stage, the world economy is experiencing a difficult stage of development, which is determined by many factors, in particular, the dynamics of economic growth, the increase in global inequality, and the mixed influence of digital transformation processes. The article analyzed the main trends and risks of modern world economy development, as well as identified key aspects of multilateral regulation and restoration of economic balance on the international scale.

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