Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Rod Downey ◽  
Noam Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Computability Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Algorithmic Complexity ◽  
Turing Degrees ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of computability theory. The roots of computability theory go back to the work of Borel, Dedekind, Hermann, Dehn, and others in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. From a modern point of view, these authors were highly interested in algorithmic procedures in algebra. What does it take to perform a certain construction? In computability theory, this question is the basis of a long-term programme which seeks to understand the relationship between dynamic properties of sets and their algorithmic complexity. The main thesis of this book is that where the computably enumerable (c.e.) Turing degrees are concerned, a degree can compute complicated objects if and only if some functions in the degree are difficult to approximate. Computability-theoretic tools allow one to quantify precisely what is meant by “difficult to approximate,”

Deaf Education Beyond the Western World: An Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Knoors ◽  
Maria Brons ◽  
Marc Marschark
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Deaf Education ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Western World ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter outlines the case for focusing on deaf education beyond the Western world. Research into the effectiveness of educational approaches for deaf learners needs to be ecologically situated, because the geopolitical context in which the research is carried out will influence the results. To improve education for deaf and hard-of-hearing children in countries beyond the Western world, it is not sufficient simply to apply research results obtained in countries in the West. To do so is to ignore the specific political, economic, and cultural contexts in a given situation, risking a mismatch between findings and needs or, at worst, the potential to do significant harm, either in the short term or the long term. Rather, we must focus on the specific, local contexts in which deaf education is situated, together with any international obligations that might influence how education is to be conducted in these contexts. To build a context for the interpretation of the chapters in this volume, attention is given to the relationship between poverty and disability, to international policy frameworks influencing educational practices all over the globe, to the worldwide advocacy of inclusive education, and to development cooperation. In addition, data are given about the prevalence of hearing loss in children in Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Middle and Latin America.

scholarly journals Resonance as an integral part of human resilience

XLinguae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Bojan Zalec
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Theological Virtues ◽  
The World ◽  
German Sociologist ◽  
The Relationship

The author analyses the relationship between the concepts of resilience and resonance. He argues for the thesis that resonance is an integral part of the genuine human resilience. Therefore, there is no contradiction between resonance and resilience if we understand these two concepts correctly. The opposite arises only if we understand resilience as a kind of robust and rigid resistance, but which, as the author argues, does not correspond to the notion of true human resilience. Since resonance is an integral part of human resilience, we can say that human resilience depends on their being in resonance relationships. The understanding of the resonance that the author takes for the grounding of his main thesis was developed by German sociologist Hartmut Rosa. Thus the paper includes also the presentation of Rosa’s conception of resonance and his theory of our relationship to the world. Despite the focus on the main thesis, the article is not only a contribution to the understanding of resilience, but also enriches the understanding of (Rosa’s) notion of resonance by showing its importance for resilience. The author argues that classical theological virtues (faith, hope, and charity (love)) can be positive factors of human resilience, and illuminates them from the point of view of resonance.

Modeling the Customer Value Generation in the Industry's Supply Chain

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Milton M. Herrera ◽  
Lina A. Carvajal-Prieto ◽  
Mauricio Uriona-Maldonado ◽  
Fernando Ojeda
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Utility Industry ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
Performance Drivers ◽  
Customer Value Perception ◽  
Electricity Utilities ◽  
The Relationship

This article shows that customer value generation has drivers, which could be different according to each stakeholder within the electricity industry, affecting its growth. Each stakeholder has different interests that affect the decision-making process and the customer value perception in the long term, which impacts on profitability. In order to illustrate how to identify and model key performance drivers to evaluate creating value in the electricity utility industry, this study used a simulation with the system dynamics methodology. Through simulation scenarios, this study shows that, the high customer value perception allows the electricity utilities industry to create more value. This is illustrated with the case of some electricity utilities engaged in the generation and distribution in the Colombian electricity market. The results show a new point of view that contributes to marketers and engineers in the analysis of the relationship between the stakeholders and electricity firms.

Rwanda’s Urbanization Policy:- A Critical Reading

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Somma
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Service Economy ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
General Relevance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

If ever Africa had disappeared, it has now reappeared on the maps of investors seeking for land and resources. The entire continent seems to have become attractive for international financial institutions, which intensify their recommendations to single national Governments in order for them to further remove obstacles and make Africa an “ever better place to do business”. Rwanda represents an emblematic example of the rapidity and size of transformations Africa is faced with, which touch every sector, from the land ownership model to the modes of land use, from the distribution of population, to the construction of infrastructure. It is a fertile country, with a good water supply and two crop seasons, and is almost entirely cultivated. The majority of the inhabitants work the land, and subside thanks to agriculture. Today, however, the Government's goal, synthetically expressed in the slogan that defines the future of Rwanda as Africa's Singapore (Vesperini, 2010), is the modernization of agriculture, and the reduction of its weight in favour of a service economy. The most visible effects of this approach are the expulsion from the countryside of a huge number of families which lose any type of sustainment, and the grouping of many small plots in large territorial extensions which are often given for long term use to multinational agribusiness corporations. The transformation of agriculture is accompanied by the redistribution of population, traditionally settled in scattered patterns across the whole country. The massive migration from the countryside is explicitly sought by Government, whose target is to reach, by 2020, a 35% urbanization rate up from today's 18%. The three issues, total and unconditional opening to foreign investment, population resettlement and transformation of the agricultural activities, which are the pillars of the development programs initiated by Government and international advisors, are producing dramatic changes on the physical and built environment, and affect the living conditions of the weakest groups (White, Borras, Hall, Scoones, Walford, 2012). The paper proposes a reflection on themes which have general relevance, but which also need to be locally grounded. Of particular importance are urbanization, the relationship between towns and countryside, and the relationship between social and economic structure and territorial planning. In 2012 the author took part as consultant to the drafting of the Urbanization sector strategic plan 2012-2017. The views expressed here are personal and do not in any way represent the Government or Institutions’ point of view.

Production and Users

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Swift
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Relationship

There have been many previous studies of Roman production, most notably with regard to pottery vessels such as Samian, but also examinations of the production methods of other industries such as glass manufacture or bone-working. Most of these studies have entailed the consideration of detailed evidence from production sites such as kilns or furnaces, and the study of part-made objects and the debris that results from the production process. Finished objects have also been studied with a view to reconstructing some aspects of production, particularly the relationship between artefact features such as stamps and particular workshops or production areas. The production process has, therefore, normally been studied either as an end in itself, or as a means to understand provenance and patterns of trade. In this chapter, I take a different approach, focusing instead on the relationship between production processes and user experience. This has of course already been considered in an indirect way in the previous chapters, in which particular artefact features produced by various production methods have been analysed from the point of view of users. Yet as outlined in the introductory chapter, there is also scope for a more explicit consideration of the relationship between users and production processes, particularly in relation to scales of production and issues such as standardization. We can also examine how constraints on production (for instance those that result from the use of specific materials) in turn impact on the finished product, and so on user experience. Firstly, we will examine the production process of dice, and secondly, production methods for some types of glass vessels. The production process of bone dice is well understood since evidence survives of manufacturing waste as well as the finished product. For bone carving in general, the metapodial bones were favoured, as they were relatively straight. Although they were hollow in the centre, they offered a reasonable volume of solid material. Large dice were made from the complete bone, with a hollow core that had to be plugged at either end.

Microbial evaluation of activated sludge and filamentous population at eight Czech nutrient removal activated sludge plants during year 2000

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 471-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Krhutková ◽  
I. Ruzicková ◽  
J. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Filamentous Microorganisms ◽  
Microthrix Parvicella ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
The Relationship

The long-term project on the survey of filamentous microorganisms, which started in 1996, was finished in 2000 by the survey of eight Czech activated sludge plants with biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems. At all plants with enhanced biological nutrient removal, specific microbial population (mostly from the point of view of filaments occurrence), operational problems (presence of biological foaming, bulking) and plant operation were observed periodically and longer than 1 year. In our paper the relationship between the composition of activated sludge (especially filaments) consortia and modification of the process with nutrient removal is discussed. At the surveyed plants Type 0092 and Microthrix parvicella were identified as dominant Eikelboom filamentous types.

Equilibrium and Disequilibrium Dynamics in Cobweb Models with Time Delays

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 1550088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Gori ◽  
Luca Guerrini ◽  
Mauro Sodini
Keyword(s):  
Time Delays ◽  
Chaotic Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hopf Bifurcations ◽  
Local Dynamic ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Expectations Formation

This paper aims to study price dynamics in two different continuous time cobweb models with delays close to [Hommes, 1994]. In both cases, the stationary equilibrium may be not representative of the long-term dynamics of the model, since it is possible to observe endogenous and persistent fluctuations (supercritical Hopf bifurcations) even if a deterministic context without external shocks is considered. In the model in which markets are in equilibrium every time, we show that the existence of time delays in the expectations formation mechanism may cause chaotic dynamics similar to those obtained in [Hommes, 1994] in a discrete time context. From a mathematical point of view, we apply the Poincaré–Lindstedt perturbation method to study the local dynamic properties of the models. In addition, several numerical experiments are used to investigate global properties of the systems.

scholarly journals Advances in the Coordination between the Cadastre and Land Registry

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Carmen Femenia-Ribera ◽  
Gaspar Mora-Navarro ◽  
Jose Carlos Martinez-Llario
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Current System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

A necessary and effective coordination between cadastre and land registry has always existed in Spain, but the difficulties have only been specifically addressed in the last few years. The aim of this study is to illustrate, analyse, and evaluate advances in this coordination in Spain from the beginnings of the current system in the early twentieth century, with the cadastre and land registry operating as separate organisations. A preliminary study was made in 2002 of the difficulties that needed to be overcome to achieve an ideal coordination of mainly mapped information. The study was made by gathering and analysing the opinions of various specialists who have dealt with the issue of coordination. For this research, qualitative information (current and historical) was gathered by querying documents about cadastre and land registry coordination in Spain. This information was studied and compared to identify the problems and challenges. A survey in 2012 analysed the relationship between the cadastre and land registry from the point of view of the general public in the city of Gandia. The Spanish government enacted the first specific and effective legislation on coordination in 2015 (Act 13/2015), and much has changed since its introduction. During the last five years of application, each of the problems initially highlighted has been monitored and analysed, and the difficulties that have arisen have been noted. In this study, each of these problems and challenges is analysed from various perspectives: querying documents (norms, budgets, official news, etc.), websites, digital applications, observation, and interviews. The main results of the case study in Spain are as follows: coordination is generally indispensable and cannot be postponed; there is a difficult understanding between the organisations involved; the general public associate the word “cadastre” with taxes and not with security in the demarcation of property; political will and understanding is necessary; the process is slow and requires long-term agreements; an improvement in the quality of maps is fundamental; and technology is not a problem.

scholarly journals Sketch in the educational program for the draving of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture: Methodical and technical specifics

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
N. Zhuravlova
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Graphical Language ◽  
Spatial Composition ◽  
Light And Shadow ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
The Relationship

The article reveals the methodical principles of teaching the short-term drawing, the relationship between educational and creative aspects, the differences between, and the advantages of a long-term drawing and a sketch, and also substantiates reasons of its compulsory introduction to the program at the Department of Drawing of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture. It elucidates the problem of requirements and implementation of short-term drawing in the context of development students' ability to use graphic expressiveness and plastic characteristics of a drawing. Finally, it formulates the requirements to tasks for short-term drawings. The sketch is the most individual way of artistic thinking and includes an analysis of creative and psychological selection. Such qualities of a short-term drawing as freshness of the form, instant expression of a complex set of thoughts with the help of a concise graphical language, requires for its perception a certain professional approach, conscious, solid, error-free decision making process and has a right to exist along with independent exhibition works. Sketches help develop creative abilities, with the help of minimal concise tools: lines, tonal spots, strokes. In the short-term drawing there is a constant search for their own technical methods, style, system, content, themes, it is both creative and educational at the same time. A coherent and distinct vision, the distribution of masses and spots, compositions of light and shadow, the solution of spatial composition remain important tasks of a sketch. That is, due to a sketch, a student forms their views on the choice of composition, foreshortening, identifies material and actual conception of an image. Similarly, the perception of a bulk form is experimentally proved that it can only be perceived by changing different sides. Getting a complete picture of an image from one point of view is impossible, that is, without sketches. In the process of working on drawings, one not only adjusts a figurative plan, but often changes all the conception of the artistic image. Therefore, all indications in a long-term drawing without sketches will be ineffective, if there is no figurative idea, and a short-term drawing should be entered into the educational process.

scholarly journals Resources in shaping the efficiency of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises

Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Sh. Tsifert ◽  
K. Kshakevich
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
External Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Resources

The dynamic capabilities, representing the organization’s competence to integrate, create and reconfigure internal and external competencies to ensure compliance with constantly changing environmental conditions, allow the organization to achieve a competitive advantage in the long term. The assumption of the background about the importance of dynamic capabilities for understanding the phenomenon of competition raises the question of the variables, affecting the effectiveness of the processes of formation of dynamic capabilities.The aim of this paper is discussion of the results of studies on the impact of resources on the effectiveness of the processes of formation of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises. The nature and essence of dynamic abilities of enterprises have been characterized in the article, the value of resources in the processes of formation of dynamic abilities of Polish enterprises has been noted, which subsequently allowed to formulate conclusions about the relationship between resources and efficiency of processes of formation of dynamic abilities of Polish enterprises have been formulated. The results of the research resources in the processes of formation of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises, presented in the paper, are fragment of the research project, whose goal is to develop a paradigm concept of dynamic capabilities from the perspective of strategic management, identification and analysis of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises.According to respondents in the process of questioning, sources of efficiency should be sought in external variables (customer loyalty, market share, sales growth), but not in internal variables (employment growth). Such a state, indicating the orientation of the organization outward, should be considered correct from the point of view of the logic of the dominant ways of constructing a strategy, since it indicates an understanding of the needs of the environment, while dynamically comparing with the expectations of this environment and the resources available to the organization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document