scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Assessment of Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Antihelminthic Activities of Sarcocephalus latifolius Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Jeff B. Iteku ◽  
Ornella V. Makaya ◽  
Samy Ngunde-te-Ngunde ◽  
Clément L. Inkoto ◽  
Emmanuel M. Lengbiye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Antioxidant Power

The main objective of our study was to determine the cheminical composition and to assess the antioxidant, antibacterial and antihelminthic activities of the leaves extracts of S. latifolius. The antibacterial activity of S. latifolius leaves extracts was assessed using micro-dilution method. In end, the antioxidant capacity of different plant extracts has been evaluated by determining their ability to reduce iron (III) to iron (II) and DPPH radical. The results obtained revealed that the dry matter of the powder of the S. latifolius leaves is rich in fibers, crude proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. Its water content was moderate (14.3 %); the leaves of S. latifolius are rich in mineral elements like calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and iron (Fe); the plant has the main groups of secondary metabolites such as total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, bound and free quinones, steroids and tri-terpenes, while it is poor in anthocyanins, leucoanthocyans and saponins. The bacterial strains used were less sensitive to S. latifolius leaf extracts (MIC greater than or equal to 500 µg/mL). The extracts of this plant showed significant antioxidant and antihelmintic activity, with a strong correlation between the methods used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of DPPH and FRAP. Due to their interesting functional properties, this plant could be used in the formulation of a nutraceutical with strong antioxidant power to improve the antioxidant status of consumers, but also in the management of helminthiases.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Activity of Holarrhena Floribunda and Picralima Nitida

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1925-1930
Author(s):  
Alida Edwige Odoh ◽  
Désirée Mariette Yéhé ◽  
Yao Kanga ◽  
Guédé-Noël Zirihi ◽  
Diénéba Koné-Bamba
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ferric Ion ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Activity Quantification

Picralima nitida (Stapf) T.Durand & H.Durand and Holarrhena floribunda (G.Don) T.Durand & Schinz are West and Central African plant species belonging to the Apocynaceae family. These two plants are used in traditional Ivorian medicine to treat hypertension, urinary tract infections, diarrhea, gonorrhea, malaria and diabetes. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant activity of P. nitida fruit and H. floribunda leaf extracts of each of these two species have already been performed. In the present study, a comparative evaluation of the antioxidant activity of fruit (P. nitida) and leaf (H. floribunda) decoctions was carried out. The decoctions of P. nitida fruits and H. floribunda leaves were rich in secondary metabolites, especially polyphenols which have good antioxidant activity. Quantification of total phenols and flavonoids gave respective values of QP = 15235.632 ± 622 µg GAE / g dry matter and FP = 2.387 ± 0.387% for P. nitida and QH = 68597.701 ± 3171 µg GAE / g dry matter and FH = 17.581 ± 0.379% for H. floribunda. P. nitida showed antioxidant activity against DPPH radical (IC50 = 104.30 ± 3.17 μg / mL) and ferric ion Fe3 + (261.4 ± 36. 87 μmoL Eq Trolox / g extract). H. floribunda showed antioxidant activity against DPPH radical (IC50 = 41.73 ± 0.29 μg / mL) and ferric ion Fe3 + (365 ± 20.36 μmol Eq Trolox / g ExS).

scholarly journals FRACTIONATION OF THE N-HEXANE EXTRACT OF GARCINIA BANCANA MIQ. (MANGGIS HUTAN) LEAVES AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY BASED ON 1,1-DIPHENYL-2- PICRYLHYDRAZYL AND FERRIC REDUCING ANTIOXIDANT POWER ASSAYS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Dewi Kumala Putri ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Nuraini Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Objective: To assess the antioxidant activity from another part of the plant, in this study, leaf extracts in n-hexane were fractionated.Methods: Ten fractions were obtained and tested in vitro for antioxidant activity using two methods, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP), to identify the most active fraction.Results: The IC50 of the most active fraction was 36.24 μg/mL using the DPPH method, and the EC50 was 39.54 μg/mL using the FRAP method. Themost active fraction was also shown to contain terpenoids.Conclusion: The most active fraction of an n-hexane extract of the leaves of Gacinia bancana Miq., which was tested by both DPPH and FRAP methodshad antioxidant activities with IC50 and EC50 values of 36.2482 μg/mL and 39.5442 μg/mL, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed that activefraction contains terpenoids.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Extraction of Antioxidants and Caffeine from Maté (Ilex paraguariensis) Leaves by Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Graciela Hartwig ◽  
Miguel Eduardo Schmalko ◽  
Stella Maris Alzamora ◽  
Luis Alberto Brumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Total Polyphenol Content

Optimal conditions for the industrial extraction of total polyphenols from maté (Ilex paraguariensis) were determined using response surface methodology, with two independent variables: ethanol percentage of the extraction solution and liquid to solid ratio. Response variables were total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, concentration of total polyphenols and caffeine content.The optimal conditions found were a liquid to solid ratio from 8 - 9 w w-1 and ethanol percentage of the extraction solution from 30 -50 % w w-1. Under these conditions the main predicted values corresponding to leaf extracts were 40 μg chlorogenic acid equivalents mL-1 of original extract, 13 g chlorogenic acid equivalents per 100 g dry matter for total polyphenol content, 22 g Trolox equivalents and 15.5 g ascorbic acid equivalents per 100 g dry matter for antioxidant capacity. The total polyphenol content of twig extracts was 36% lower than that in the leaf extracts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of possible antioxidant activities of barberry solid formulation, a selected formulation from Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) via various procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4517-4521 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Traditional Persian Medicine ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The purpose of this study is to reformulate a solid traditional Ghors-e- zereshk (barberry traditional tablet) from Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) and to assess the antioxidant effect and determining the total phenol and flavonoids contents of water and hydroalcoholic extract of mentioed formulation. The antioxidant effects of water and hydroalcoholic extracts of barberry solid formulation were measured by three methods: DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide free radical scavenging and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP) reducing method. The total phenol and flavonoid content were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods. For standardization ashes’ test also used. The hydro-alcoholic extract has more phenolic compounds (31.46±.13 mg GAE∕g of dry matter) than the water extract and the water extract has more flavonoid compounds (6.38±. 25 mg Quercetin ∕g of dry matter) than the hydro-alcoholic extract. The result of DPPH radical scavenging shows that the hydro-alcoholic extract has more effect than the water extract. FRAP value indicates that the hydro-alcoholic extract has more reductive activity than the water extract. The study of NO radical scavenging represents water extract 74.61±2.95 %, hydro-alcoholic extract 61.72±1.79 % thus, water and hydro-alcoholic extracts are powerful antioxidants and have hepatoprotective effects. Other relative biological effects, for example, the protective effects through oxidative stress can also be considered.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF MILLINGTONIA HORTENSIS (L)

2017 ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Janaki A. ◽  
Kaleena P. K. ◽  
Elumalai D. ◽  
Hemalatha P. ◽  
Babu M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Objective: Millingtonia hortensis Linn (Bignoniaceae) is commonly known as cork tree and Akash neem. Aim of studies to determine the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity.Methods: The antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts were measured by chemical analyses involving the assay of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and super oxide radical scavenging activity.Results: Phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) screening of methanol, chloroform, ethanol, petroleum ether, aqueous leaf extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, betacyanins, phenols and coumarins.Conclusion: The presence of these phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity support the use of this plant as an antibacterial agent against the group of micro organisms tested. 

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Costus pictus D. Don Leaf Extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naik A. ◽  
Krishnamurthy R.i ◽  
Pathak J.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The occurrence of chronic diseases is rapidly growing worldwide. Diet and nutrition are significant aspects in the promotion and maintenance of good quality health throughout the whole life span. Overproduction of liberated radicals occurred due to physiological and biochemical changes in our body and then can cause oxidative damage to biocompounds of human body (e.g. lipids, proteins, DNA). Medicinal plant based products exert beneficial properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycemic and hypolipidaemic activities so their utilization is increased recently. This study includes preliminary phytochemical screening and quantification of phenol and flavonoid of Costus pictus aqueous (CPAQ) and methanolic (CPME) extracts. DPPH, FRAP, Fe3+ reducing power, and superoxide scavenging assay were used for the estimation of antioxidant potential of leaf extracts CPAQ and CPME. CPME gave the elevated amount of phenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activity of Costus pictus extracts significantly correlated (P less than 0.05) with the phenolic content. Ascorbic acid used as standard compound and showed maximum antioxidant power in this study.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities, Phytochemical Screening and Metal Analysis of Medicinal Plants: Traditional Recipes Used against Diarrhea

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Mahmood ◽  
Ruqia Nazir ◽  
Muslim Khan ◽  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
Mohammad Adnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli

The aim of this study was to explore the phytochemical composition, heavy metals analysis and the antibacterial activity of six medicinal plants i.e., Terminalia chebula Retz (fruits), Aegle marmelos L., (fruits), Curcuma longa L., (rhizomes), Syzygium aromaticum L., (flower buds), Piper nigrum L., (seeds), Cinnamomum cassia L., (barks) and its two remedial recipes (recipe 1 and 2) used against diarrhea obtained from the local herbal practitioners (Hakeems). A preliminary phytochemical screening of the above-mentioned plants extract in methanol, chloroform, n-hexane and distilled water revealed the presence of various constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins by using standard procedures. The quantitative phytochemical studies shows that alkaloids, flavonoid and saponins were in maximum amount in Terminalia chebula. The concentration of Cd, Ni, Pb, Fe, Cr, Cu and Zn were investigated by using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The obtained analysis shows that Cr, Fe and Pb were present in the highest concentration in medicinal plants and their recipes. The antibacterial activities of the crude extract found in the recipes of methanol, chloroform, n-hexane and distilled water were analyzed by using agar well disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth dilution method against four bacterial strains, namely, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), respectively. The maximum zones of inhibition in methanol, water, chloroform and n-hexane extracts were seen in recipe 2 against Shigella (22.16 ± 0.47 mm), recipe 2 against Shigella (20.33 ± 0.24 mm), recipe 1 against Shigella (20.30 ± 0.29 mm) and recipe 2 against E. coli (30.23 ± 0.12 mm), respectively. Furthermore, the recipe extracts are more active against the tested bacterial strains than the extracts from individual plants. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of herbal plants and their recipes are the major source of drugs in a traditional medicinal system to cure different diseases.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Extraction of Antioxidants and Caffeine from Maté (Ilex paraguariensis) Leaves by Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Graciela Hartwig ◽  
Miguel Eduardo Schmalko ◽  
Stella Maris Alzamora ◽  
Luis Alberto Brumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Total Polyphenol Content

Optimal conditions for the industrial extraction of total polyphenols from maté (Ilex paraguariensis) were determined using response surface methodology, with two independent variables: ethanol percentage of the extraction solution and liquid to solid ratio. Response variables were total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, concentration of total polyphenols and caffeine content. The optimal conditions found were a liquid to solid ratio from 8 - 9 w w-1 and ethanol percentage of the extraction solution from 30 -50 % w w-1. Under these conditions the main predicted values corresponding to leaf extracts were 40 μg chlorogenic acid equivalents mL-1 of original extract, 13 g chlorogenic acid equivalents per 100 g dry matter for total polyphenol content, 22 g Trolox equivalents and 15.5 g ascorbic acid equivalents per 100 g dry matter for antioxidant capacity. The total polyphenol content of twig extracts was 36% lower than that in the leaf extracts.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Efficacy of Annona muricata (Linn) Leaves against Some Enteric Bacteria

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Kehinde Yemisi Akinde ◽  
Ebenezer Oluyemi Dada
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Test Organisms

Aims: This research was carried out to evaluate the susceptibility patterns of some enteric bacteria to aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts of Annona muricata leaf. Study Design: Experimental design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Between January, 2019 and May, 2019. Methodology: Extraction of bioactive components of leaves was done by maceration and phytochemical screening was carried out on the leaf extracts to determine the bioactive components present. The bacteria isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test using standard methods while the  antibacterial  activity  of  the  plant  extracts on human enteric bacteria was  determined  using  agar well dilution method. A. muricata bark extracts were purified using column chromatography method. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of the extracts was performed using tube dilution technique. Results: The phytochemical screening of leaf extracts showed presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoid and glycosides. Antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts revealed that aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts had highest zone of inhibition of 22.00±0.58 mm, 24.67±0.33 mm and 24.00±0.58 mm respectively on Salmonella typhi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) for ethanol extract ranged between 25-100 mg/ml and 50-200 mg/ml respectively while methanol extract ranged between 25-50mg/ml and 50-100 mg/ml respectively. Ciprofloxacin (CPX) was significantly (P≤0.5) the most active of all the antibiotics used against the test organisms (both clinical and typed isolates). Conclusion: This research revealed that A. muricata leaf extracts possesses antibacterial activity against human enteric bacteria isolates used in this study. The commercial antibiotics were observed to be effective in inhibiting the test organisms. The purified extracts of A. muricata leaf showed higher inhibitory effect compared to crude extracts which can serve as ingredient for the production of novel antibacterial agents for the treatment of infections caused by enteric bacteria.

scholarly journals Contribution to the Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Study of the Leaves’ Aqueous Extract of the Common Walnut "Juglans regia L."

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Amel Bennacer ◽  
Hamida Saida Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Walnut

This work has focused on phytochemical screening of the Common WalnutJuglans regiaL. leaves, and biological tests: antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the aqueous extracts (infusion, crude) of the common walnuts leaves that we’ve picked, dried and preserved. An ethnobotanical survey in Blida region has been achieved, where it has been concluded that the inhabitants of this region use the common walnuts leaves in their daily care, and the various organs of the Common walnut are widely used as well. The phytochemical screening based on specific tests helped to highlight the presence of the main secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, free quinones, anthocyanins and saponins, which could be responsible for the biological properties. The antimicrobial study was conducted on bacterial strains and a yeast showed that both aqueous (infusion, crude) extracts have antibacterial effect against certain bacterial strains:Staphylococcus aureus(40.43 mm),Staphylococcus epidermidis(35.36 mm),Sarcina lutea(31, 17 mm), respectively, and an inhibitory effect only for the crude aqueous extract ofEschirichia coli(12 mm),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12 mm), for against these two extracts were proved to be inactive forCandida albicans.In addition, the study of antioxidant activity by the method of reduction of iron (FRAP) and the method of reduction of free radical (DPPH) has revealed an average rate of aqueous extract (infusion) compared with that of ascorbic acid and rutin respectively. With an EC50 of the aqueous extract and rutin which equal to 0.18 and 0.017 mg/ml respectively. According to these results we confirm some information obtained during the ethnobotanical survey and thatJuglans regiaL. is endowed with an antimicrobial and antioxidant power.

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