scholarly journals Gender Difference in Obesity Prevalence Among General Population of Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Shahrukh Khan ◽  
Hina Nauman ◽  
Sania Saher ◽  
Hafiza Arifa Imtiaz ◽  
Amina Bibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Obesity has become a pandemic problem and it is infamous for causing both physical and psychological disorders. Even though obesity is influenced by many factors which include fast food, menopause, socioeconomic status, and genetics, however, gender has paramount importance as a factor that affects obesity when we do not consider other factors. Thus, our current research study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and influence of gender on it. Our current cross-sectional descriptive study was finished in almost 6 months from August 2020 to January 2021 among general population of Pak Aran Society Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 183 people were recruited in study in accordance to set criteria of exclusion and inclusion. Only those people whose age was from above 20 years to below 61 years, and who had no physical or mental illness and were willing to participate were enrolled in study. Data collection was done through one self-structured proforma and WHO Classification of Weight Status established on BMI. SPSS version 25 was applied to perform data analysis. Various statistical tests like Chi-square test, Independent Sample t-test, and One-Way ANOVA test were used to evaluate the study variables and their relationship. Overall, our current study indicates high prevalence (19.10%) of obesity among all participants, nevertheless, mean of BMI value was higher among women (26.26 SD of ±3.70) as compared to men (25.06 with SD of ±4.27) which shows that women had higher risk of development of obesity than men. However, relationship between obesity and gender was statistically insignificant (p=0.262). The difference of BMI mean value between women and men was significant statistically (p=0.046). Significance difference was also observed in BMI mean value of across four grades of weight status (p=0.0001). In summary, in general, prevalence of obesity is higher among women than among men which means female gender raises the obesity incidence among women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity and Impact of Menopause on It among Women of Rural Area of Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Somia Bibi ◽  
Tayyab Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Waqas Mehmood Zafar ◽  
Muhmmad Junaid Umer ◽  
Umama Fatima Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Obesity is one of the major health public problems and it not only leads to serious and chronic diseases but also causes poor mental health. Although it is affected by number of factors including food, gender, socioeconomic status, and genetics but menopause is important in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study was set to assess the prevalence of obesity and impact of menopause on it among women. This cross-sectional descriptive study was completed in about 3 months from August 2020 to October 2020 in a rural area of Punjab, Pakistan. 189 women were enrolled in our study according to agreed criteria of exclusion and inclusion. Women whose age was above 28 years and up to 58 years and who either had regular menstrual cycles or had cessation of menses from at least one last year were selected for study while women who either had irregular menstrual cycles or who were not willing to participate were excluded from study. Collection of data was accomplished via one self-structured proforma and WHO Classification of Weight Status which is based on BMI was also applied. Data analysis was carried out by using SPSS version 25. Multiple statistical tests including Chi-square test, Independent Sample t-test, and One-Way ANOVA test were used to assess the study variables. Overall, our current study shows high prevalence (29.6%) of obesity among women, however, mean of BMI value was higher among postmenopausal women (27.53 SD of ±4.28) in comparison with premenopausal women (25.44 with SD of ±4.05) which means that postmenopausal women had higher risk of development of Obesity in comparison with premenopausal women. The association between obesity and menopause was statistically significant (p=0.0001). The difference of BMI mean value between premenopausal women and postmenopausal women was significant statistically (p=0.001). Significance difference was also noted in BMI mean value of across four grades of weight status (p=0.000). In a nutshell, overall prevalence of obesity is high among women and its even higher among postmenopausal women in comparison to premenopausal women which means menopause increases the obesity among women after menopause but process of development is so far vague.

Disparities in obesity prevalence and obesity-related behaviors among adolescents in Trinidad and Tobago

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colwick Wilson ◽  
Susan Woolford ◽  
Leon Wilson ◽  
David Williams ◽  
Winetta Oloo
Keyword(s):  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objective African Americans adolescents have disproportionately high rates of obesity compared to their Caucasian peers. Little is known about the rates of obesity among adolescents of African descent in countries with diverse populations. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and weight-related behaviors among adolescents in Trinidad and Tobago and to explore differences by race and gender. Methods In this cross-sectional study, students from a national stratified sample of high schools (n = 42) in Trinidad and Tobago completed a self-administered survey regarding their health habits. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured height (via a portable stadiometer) and weight (via a digital scale), and BMI percentiles determined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts. Univariate calculations and χ2 analyses were performed to determine obesity prevalence and explore associations between obesity and self-reported demographic factors and weight-related behaviors. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test mean difference in weight status and multivariate analyses explored the role of gender and race after adjusting for covariates. Results Of the 3618 adolescents in the study, 56.3% were female. Race: 31.9% Black-Trinidadian, 33.7% Indo-Trinidadian and 33.4% Mixed-Race. Mean age was 17.6 years. The overall prevalence of obesity was 7%, but this differed by race (Black-Trinidadians 17%, Mixed-Trinidadians 2%, Indo-Trinidadians 1%). Black-Trinidadian girls were most likely to be obese (28.1%) and to engage in obesity related habits than their peers. Conclusion Black-Trinidadian girls have a significantly higher prevalence of obesity than their peers. Further work should explore culturally tailored interventions to address obesity prevention and treatment in this group.

scholarly journals Is child weight status correctly reported to parents? Cross-sectional analysis of National Child Measurement Programme data using ethnic-specific BMI adjustments

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. e541-e550
Author(s):  
Nicola Firman ◽  
Kambiz Boomla ◽  
Mohammed T Hudda ◽  
John Robson ◽  
Peter Whincup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Correct Information ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background BMI underestimates and overestimates body fat in children from South Asian and Black ethnic groups, respectively. Methods We used cross-sectional NCMP data (2015–17) for 38 270 children in three inner-London local authorities: City & Hackney, Newham and Tower Hamlets (41% South Asian, 18.8% Black): 20 439 4–5 year-olds (48.9% girls) and 17 831 10–11 year-olds (49.1% girls). We estimated the proportion of parents who would have received different information about their child’s weight status, and the area-level prevalence of obesity—defined as ≥98th centile—had ethnic-specific BMI adjustments been employed in the English National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP). Results Had ethnic-specific adjustment been employed, 19.7% (3112/15 830) of parents of children from South Asian backgrounds would have been informed that their child was in a heavier weight category, and 19.1% (1381/7217) of parents of children from Black backgrounds would have been informed that their child was in a lighter weight category. Ethnic-specific adjustment increased obesity prevalence from 7.9% (95% CI: 7.6, 8.3) to 9.1% (8.7, 9.5) amongst 4–5 year-olds and from 17.5% (16.9, 18.1) to 18.8% (18.2, 19.4) amongst 10–11 year-olds. Conclusions Ethnic-specific adjustment in the NCMP would ensure equitable categorization of weight status, provide correct information to parents and support local service provision for families.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity in School Children and Its Relation to Lifestyle Behaviors in Al-Ahsa District of Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Albin Saleh ◽  
Aqeel S. Alhaiz ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan ◽  
Abdulkareem J Al-Quwaidhi ◽  
Majdi Aljasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intermediate Schools ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

OBJECTIVES: To estimate obesity prevalence among children and adolescents in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia for the year 2016 and to determine the related preventable risk factors.METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional study (using stratified random sampling representing different geographical areas of Al-Ahsa) through a self-administered questionnaire. It included 240 male students aged (7–15) years old from public primary and intermediate schools in Al-Ahsa governorate, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Anthropometric measurements of weight and height were taken for all the study participants. Body mass index (BMI) and its percentile was determined using Saudi won growth charts of the corresponding age and sex.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 29.6% (10.8% overweight, 3.8% obese, and 15% extremely obese). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly associated with early childhood obesity, parental obesity, mother's employment, family income, number of snacks and fast food consumption, physical inactivity, and time spent in watching television. Other factors (namely, eating during emotional stress, family gathering on meals, and regular eating times) were having independently significant association.CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need to spread awareness about obesity, and the prevention programs that involving schools and families are the key strategy for controlling the current epidemic of obesity.

scholarly journals Trends in Obesity and Metabolic Status Among a Health Check-Up Population in Beijing and Hunan Between 2012 and 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Lu Yin ◽  
Qingqi Liu ◽  
Yaqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Background: Previous cross-sectional studies have reported the prevalence of obesity and metabolic status in China. However, the trend of change in obesity and metabolic status, especially in different sex and age groups are lacking. Methods: In a series cross-sectional study, data on 256,782 participants surveyed between 2014 and 2020 in Beijing and 697,170 participants surveyed between 2012 and 2020 in Hunan were analyzed. Anthropometrics, blood pressure measurements, and blood tests were performed according to standard protocols. Trends in obesity and metabolic status were evaluated using the Joinpoint software to estimate annual percentage changes in slopes.Results: Based on age- and sex-standardized values, the mean BMI values in Beijing and Hunan participants were 23.94 (95%CI: 23.93, 23.95) and 23.68 (95%CI: 23.67, 23.69) kg/m2, respectively. Between 2014-2020, the overall obesity prevalence among Beijing participants increased from 12.70% (95%CI: 12.17%, 13.23%) to 14.33% (95% CI: 13.97%, 14.70%) (P=0.009), mainly derived by the 20-39 and 40-59 age groups. Moreover, the prevalence of metabolically healthy obese significantly increased from 2.07% (95%CI: 1.84%, 2.30%) to 4.33% (95% CI: 4.13%, 4.53%) in Beijing. Between 2012-2020, no significant trend in obesity was found among overall Hunan participants, but the prevalence of metabolically unhealthy obese significantly increased from 5.36% (95% CI: 5.18%, 5.54%) to 7.35% (95% CI: 7.11%, 7.58%), mainly derived by the 20-39 and 40-59 age groups.Conclusions: The trends in obesity and metabolic status were different between Hunan and Beijing. National weight control plan is needed in China, with a particular focus on young and middle-aged population.

scholarly journals PREVALENSI OBESITAS PADA REMAJA DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Kusoy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Abstract: Obesity is one of today’s most blantantly visible yet most neglected public health problems. Obesity has become a global epidemic and one of public health problems that should be handled. Adolescent lifestyle who always skip breakfast and more likely to consume fast food and tend to be sedentary lifestyle, make adolescent at risk for obesity. This study aims to obtain the prevalence of obesity among adolescent in Minahasa. This is a cross-sectional study. Data retrieval is done by measuring the waist circumference of 395 high school student consisting  140 boys and 255 girls. The result show that the prevalence of obesity among adolescent in Minahasa is 26,33% consisting 4,30% boys and 22,03% girls. The prevalens of obesity is high so that education to adolescents, parents, and school about obesity causes, complications, and preventions is needed. Keywords: Obesity.     Abstrak: Di antara berbagai masalah kesehatan di masyarakat, obesitas merupakan salah satu masalah yang terang-terangan terlihat namun paling diabaikan. obesitas telah menjadi suatu epidemik global dan merupakan masalah kesehatan yang harus segera di tangani. Gaya hidup remaja saat ini yang sering melewatkan sarapan dan lebih suka mengkonsumsi fast food. serta cenderung sedentary life style, membuat remaja berisiko untuk menderita obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi obesitas pada remaja di kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran lingkar pinggang pada 395 orang siswa SMK yang terdiri dari 140 orang siswa laki-laki dan 255 orang siswa perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan prevalensi obesitas pada remaja di Minahasa adalah 26,33% yang terdiri dari 4,30% remaja laki-laki dan 22.03% remaja perempuan. Angka prevalensi obesitas yang didapatkan cukup tinggi sehingga perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada siswa, orang tua dan sekolah mengenai penyebab, bahaya dan pencegahan obesitas. Kata Kunci: Obesitas.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of obesity, overweight and weight awareness among the students of a private medical college in Khulna

Mediscope ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Md Abul Hasanat ◽  
Silvia Paroi ◽  
Arifa Begum ◽  
Umme Salma ◽  
Syeda Farzana Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: Medical education is stressful throughout the whole course. Due to the medical curriculum and the examination pattern leads to psychological stress. Stressful condition leads to irregularity in diet, frequent fast food consumption & lack of exercise, each being considered as an important risk factor leading to overweight and obesity. Hence, this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of obesity, overweight and weight awareness among the medical students. Objectives: Determination of BMI status of undergraduate medical students to evaluate their weight awareness, prevalence of overweight and obesity and also find out the relationship of the following risk factors with obesity & overweight; i) Opinion about self-image, ii) Physical activity and iii) Frequency of fast food consumption. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 131 preclinical medical students of Ad-din Akij Medical College, Khulna from January 2018 to April 2018. Height and weight of 131 preclinical students were measured and Body Mass Index was calculated and categorized according to WHO criteria. Results: Out of 131 students 62% come under normal weight category, 21% come under overweight category, 10% come under obese category and 7% come under underweight category. Conclusion: Overweight is a rising problem among the medical students. Sedentary life style and frequency of fast food consumption was high among the overweight and obese students. This study itself created awareness about their weight and promote physical activity among the medical students. Mediscope Vol. 7, No. 2: July 2020, Page 103-107

scholarly journals Correlation of Blood Cholesterol Levels and Hypertension with The Incidence of Stroke in The Provincial Hospital of Banjarmasin

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saputra ◽  
Candra Kusuma Negara ◽  
Anna Martiana Afida ◽  
Henny Puspasari ◽  
Akhmad Murjani
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Introduction: Stroke risk factors are related to the circumstances of a person's health status, namely hypercholesterolemia (excess cholesterol levels) and hypertension (high blood pressure).Methods: A correlative descriptive analytic observational study using cross sectional approach. The number of samples taken is as many as 62 people using the Slovinformula..Statistical analysis uses Sperman Rank Test and Linear regression test.Results: The results of this study indicate that the total cholesterol level of patients from 62 samples found that normal cholesterol levels amounted to 29 people (46.8%) consisting of 12 people (19.4%) with SH and 17 people ( 27.4%) with SNH and high cholesterol levels totaling 33 people (53.2%) divided into 7 people (11.3%) with SH and 26 people (42%) with SNH. There is a significant correlation between blood cholesterol levels with stroke incidence in statistical tests with p value 0,004 (p<0,05), there is a significant correlation between hypertension and stroke events withp value 0,031(p<0,05)there is no significant correlation between blood cholesterol levels and hypertension in statistical tests withp value 0,129 (p>0,05) and by using Linear regression test obtained that the correlation between blood cholesterol levels with a value of mean value hypertension  0.453 and mean 0.994 so that the most dominant with the incidence of stroke was hypertension.Conclusions: Have nothing to do with hypertension, it can be concluded here that stroke is caused by hypertension. The Suggestion is hypertension’s not only caused by cholesterol levels but there are other triggers that cause it.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress and Somatization in Immigrants in Primary Health Care Practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa GARCÍA-SIERRA ◽  
María Isabel Fernández-Cano ◽  
Josep María MANRESA-DOMÍNGUEZ ◽  
María FEIJOO-CID ◽  
Eduard MORENO-GABRIEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Sub Saharan

The process of international migration causes a situation of vulnerability in people's health and greater difficulty in coping with disease. Furthermore, the adversities suffered during migration can trigger reactive signs of stress and cause anxious, depressive, confusional and somatic symptoms. This article studies the relationships between psychosocial risk, psychological distress and somatization in immigrants from 4 communities: Maghrebis, Sub-Saharans, South Americans and South Asian. A cross-sectional study was carried out with questionnaires on 602 immigrants who were surveyed in the Primary Care Centres of an urban area of Catalonia. The instruments used were the Demographic Psychosocial Inventory (DPSI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI). The average psychosocial risk obtained was 0.35, with the highest values in the sub-Saharan community. Psychological distress showed a mean value of 0.66, with the sub-Saharan community scoring the lowest in all dimensions except depression. The average somatization values were 1.65, with the sub-Saharan community scoring the least. The female gender is a risk factor for somatization and psychological distress. Perceived psychosocial risk is a predictor of psychological distress, but not somatization, suggesting that the use of more adaptive coping strategies could minimize the effect of the migration process on somatizations.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Obesity and Physical Activity of Children in the Spotlight of Their Parents’ Excessive Body Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8737
Author(s):  
Erik Sigmund ◽  
Dagmar Sigmundová
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regular School ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: The study reveals the relationships between daily physical activity (PA) and the prevalence of obesity in family members separated according to the participation of their offspring in organized leisure-time physical activity (OLTPA), and answers the question of whether the participation of children in OLTPA is associated with a lower prevalence of obesity in offspring with respect to parental PA and body weight level. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 1493 parent-child dyads (915/578 mother/father-child aged 4–16 years) from Czechia selected by two-stage stratified random sampling with complete data on body weight status and weekly PA gathered over a regular school week between 2013 and 2019. Results: The children who participated in OLTPA ≥ three times a week had a significantly lower (p < 0.005) prevalence of obesity than the children without participation in OLTPA (5.0% vs. 11.1%). Even in the case of overweight/obese mothers/fathers, the children with OLTPA ≥ three times a week had a significantly lower (p < 0.002) prevalence of obesity than the children without OLTPA (6.7%/4.2% vs. 14.9%/10.7%). Conclusions: The cumulative effect of regular participation in OLTPA and a child’s own PA is a stronger alleviator of children’s obesity than their parents’ risk of overweight/obesity.

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