scholarly journals Transboundary regions of East Asia: geographical and political preconditions and limitations to long-term development

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
P. Ya. Baklanov ◽  
M. T. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Dynamic Structures

The contradictory integrity of globalization and regionalization processes in the modern world has been embodied in the formation of specific spatial areas – multiscale cross-border regions, whose functioning and development are determined both by the interactions between neighboring countries and by the totality of external geopolitical and geoeconomic circumstances. The article is devoted to the factors and features of cross-border processes and socio-economic development within one of the largest and most dynamic structures of modern Eurasia – the Greater Macro-Region of East Asia, embracing the northeastern and eastern territories of Russia, eastern China, Japan, and both Korean republics, Vietnam, and a number of other countries facing the seas of the northwestern Pacific. The integrity of this vast and very heterogeneous macro-region ranging from Chukotka to the Philippine Sea is based on relatively stable cross-border relations, which, in turn, are one of the determinants of these territories’ development. The role of geographical prerequisites (geographical location, climatic conditions, natural resources of land and sea) and geopolitical factors (geopolitical location and crossborder features) in the long-term development of this macro-region is assessed. It is shown that both favorable and negative prerequisites are associated with the cross-border nature of the integrated geosystems, including the marine ecosystems. Various types of cross-border regions with two-, three-, and four-link territorial segments belonging to different countries have been identified. The geopolitical potential of countries and regions is assessed, and the zones of geopolitical tension are revealed.

scholarly journals Variability and Mechanisms of Megadroughts over Eastern China during the Last Millennium: A Model Study

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Ning ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Kefan Chen ◽  
Mi Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Internal Climate Variability ◽  
Model Study ◽  
External Forcings ◽  
Community Earth System Model ◽  
Sst Anomalies

The variability and mechanisms of multi-decadal megadroughts over eastern China during the last millennium were investigated using a control, full-forcing, and four sensitivity experiments from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Last Millennium Ensemble (LME) archive. The model simulated megadroughts have comparable magnitudes and durations with those derived from reconstructed proxy data, although the megadroughts are not temporally synchronous. In all experiments, the megadroughts exhibit similar spatial structures, corresponding to a weakening of the East Asia summer monsoon (EASM) and a strengthening of the East Asia winter monsoon (EAWM). The results show that internal climate variability within the coupled climate system plays an essential role in triggering megadroughts, while different external forcings may contribute to persistence and modify the anomaly patterns of megadroughts. A pattern of meridional tripolar (warm-cold-warm) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the western Pacific stretching from the equator to high latitude is responsible for the EASM weakening and EAWM strengthening. The weakening of the EASM and strengthening of the EAWM are essentially caused by negative SST anomalies over the northwestern Pacific and positive SST anomalies over the equatorial western Pacific, which are associated with a La Niña-like SST gradient across the tropical Pacific. The external forcings prolong the megadroughts through maintenance of the meridional tripolar SST anomalies and enlarge the megadrought spatial extent by magnifying the meridional tripolar SST anomalies.

scholarly journals Results of the EU cross-border programme allocations and their geographical implications for border regions of Vojvodina/Serbia in the 2014-2020 programming period

Europa XXI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Nagy ◽  
András Ricz ◽  
Renata Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Border Region ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
Autonomous Province ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
The Eu

Researching the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina as a region of Serbia and an European Union (EU) border region, we have long been concerned with the raison d’être of cross-border programmes, their impact, sustainability and long-term results. Against that background, the current study is focused on the results of the 2014-2020 cycle. The region of Vojvodina has neighbouring external borders with three EU Member States. While the partner countries have already applied for almost 100% of the available amounts, the implementation of projects and thus the payment of grants is only 50% effected so far. Our intention has been to examine the Vojvodina region in terms of cross-border programmes based on already completed projects and running along the lines of different Priorities. The Programme Areas of the four (Hungarian-Serbian, Croatian-Serbian, Romanian-Serbian and Serbia-Bosnia and Hercegovina) Cross-border cooperation programmes do overlap significantly. Primarily, we have been researching the territorial distribution of each, by reference to the locations of project owners and of project activities; as well as the related networking character of the projects implemented in Vojvodina in the Interreg-IPA (Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance) 2014-2020 programming period. It is then in this context that we examine the focal and connection points of the cross-border connections, in this way potentially indicating deficiencies in regard to sustainable project implementation. Without claiming to be exhaustive, we have also sought to reference impeding circumstances relating to a barrier effect that is obviously of particular importance given the fact that external borders of the EU are involved.

Sustainable Rural Development through Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550
Author(s):  
Kaisar SAYABAEV ◽  
Aigul ZHOLMUKHANOVA ◽  
Anar NUKESHEVA ◽  
Danagul TLEUZHANOVA ◽  
Bakhyt ASSILOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Migratory Activity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic

The status of the capital suburb gives additional attractiveness to rural territories for both internal migrants and labor migrants from other regions and oblasts of the country. Social and economic problems are the factor of strengthening the migratory activity of the population of able-bodied age that can have a considerable influence on changing the demographic situation. The population shift is one of the global processes in the modern world. At present virtually all countries are faced with this phenomenon in various forms depending on the level of social and economic development, geographical location and specifics of the proceeding demographic processes. Shchuchinsko-Borovskaya resort area is a resort with excellent natural and climatic conditions, rich therapeutic and recreational resources and historical and cultural foundation, favorable geographical location in the center of the Republic, close to the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana. The growth of the income of travel agencies can be expected due to the increase in the cost of the package, because the number of vouchers is likely to decrease due to the reduction of potential tourists. Given that the strategy of long-term development of the Akmola region provides state stimulation of tourism development and recreation in the region, it will be necessary to improve the information and statistical support of this area.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Role of Academic Institutions and Innovation Brokers in Agri-Food Innovation: Towards Hybridisation in Cross-Border Cooperation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4899
Author(s):  
Marina Knickel ◽  
Sabine Neuberger ◽  
Laurens Klerkx ◽  
Karlheinz Knickel ◽  
Gianluca Brunori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Existing research suggests that regions can develop their long-term competitive advantage through well-functioning interregional innovation cooperation. In this article, we use the example of innovation in small and medium-sized agri-food enterprises (SMEs) to scrutinise and compare regional innovation approaches on each side of the Dutch-German border and explore how they can converge into a cross-border innovation space. Particular attention is paid to the role of academic institutions and innovation brokers in creating a common innovation space. We explore how differences between two cross-border regions can be harnessed to enhance the impact of innovation, and how this may lead to what we describe as hybridisation effects. In the empirical analysis, we apply the concept of hybridisation to a cross-border innovation space, something that, as far as we are aware, has not been done before. We empirically ground the concepts of a cross-border innovation space and hybridisation and illustrate how relative regional strengths can lead to hybridisation effects. We conclude that differences in economic structures, institutional set-ups, visions and identities inherent in cross-border spaces are not only hindrances, but also opportunities, and we highlight the importance of these complementary strengths and the potential for their strategic use by regional innovation actors. Our findings are highly relevant for the further development of the Interreg Europe programme and the implementation of the EU’s Territorial Agenda 2030.

scholarly journals Sustainable Intensification in Agriculture: An Approach for Making Agriculture Greener and Productive

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 133-150
Author(s):  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Subash Subedi ◽  
Krishna Prasad Timsina ◽  
Sudeep Subedi ◽  
Meena Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Farm Mechanization ◽  
Use Efficiency

Sustainable intensification of agriculture is a good approach for reducing the yield gap without exacerbating the current condition of the environmental components, which is a big challenge for agriculture in the modern world. This review provides a summary of the role and approaches of sustainable intensification in agriculture which offer ways to increase crop production and create long-term sustainability in agriculture production. The current demand for food has continued to rise as a result of the world's rapidly increasing population. In order to increase crop/food production, agricultural systems should be intensified by more sustainable practices, as well as by reforming existing production systems/techniques and diversifying them into newer and more profitable enterprises. Despite the heavy use of inputs, farmers have recently been unable to achieve optimal crop yields. The judicious use of agricultural inputs, combined with improved management techniques, is important for advancing sustainable intensification. New scientific techniques in agronomic practices, as well as improved farm mechanization, are helping to boost resource use efficiency in sustainable crop production. The sustainable agricultural intensification is necessary to increase the agricultural productivity under the changing and adverse climatic conditions while maintaining healthy production practices.

scholarly journals Euroregions as Soft Spaces: Between Consolidation and Transformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Telle
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
New Public ◽  
Bureaucratic State

 National borders constitute barriers to social, economic and political processes and, thus, tend to contribute to the peripheralisation of border regions. The paper compares the evolution of two euroregions in peripheral central European border regions, whose objective is to overcome such negative border effects by promoting cross-border cooperation at the regional level. On a theoretical level, the paper argues for an understanding of euroregions as soft spaces. Rather than viewing them primarily as instances of state rescaling, the paper emphasizes their role as adaptive service providers for local constituencies. It is suggested that their long-term stability depends on their relation to, and the internal dynamics of, politico-administrative hard spaces at the regional, national, and supranational level. While hard spaces are associated with the notion of the Weberian bureaucratic state, soft spaces combine many of the ideas of the New Public Management literature. Building on an organizational ecology perspective, the paper forwards the argument that stable, resourceful, and accessible hard spaces constitute a predictable and engaging environment within which softer arrangements may compete for the delivery of services. However, the interplay between soft and hard spaces tends to have an impact on the euroregions’ agendas. While EU cohesion policy provides incentives to strengthen horizontal cross-border coordination, the organizational integration of the two euroregions remained rather loose, testifying to the continued importance of domestic prerogatives.

scholarly journals Metody taksonomiczne w badaniu podobieństwa województwa lubuskiego do innych regionów Unii Europejskiej

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-137
Author(s):  
Przemysław Szczuciński ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Linkage Method

In the territorial profile of the European Union, large differences may be observed between economically better and less developed regions. Therefore, in its policy, much attention is focussed on the less developed regions. Such regions include disadvantaged, remote, sparsely populated and border regions. The Lubuskie voivodeship examined in the article should be included among them. This paper attempts to define the similarities and differences of this province in comparison to other regions of the European Union on the basis of typical features such as its geographical location and area, population density, land use and climatic conditions. For this purpose, 266 EU regions were studied, of which a group of 33 similar regions was identified by means of the complete linkage method. Next, these regions were analysed to indicate which of them, with similar geographical and natural conditions, could constitute a model for it, achieving more favourable economic results measured by the level of GDP per capita. The similarity between regions was examined by applying the Gower distance measure for quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The test results were visualised using a dendrogram and a taxonomic chart of the object under study. The data for the research was taken from the databases of Eurostat, the European Statistical Office, and Climate-Data.org. The collected data define the situation in EU regions as of 2017 or the last year available. Based on the conducted research, 9 EU regions can be selected as model regions for the Lubuskie voivodeship. These are regions from the following countries: Germany (5 regions), as well as France, Austria, Belgium, and the Czech Republic (1 region each). More closely examining the management methods of the regions from the above-mentioned countries, the functioning of industry, agriculture and transport in their area, and the promotion of regionally produced products would be reasonable for the needs of the regional policy of the Lubuskie voivodeship.

scholarly journals Hungarian experience in the development of euro-regional cross-border cooperation

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Timea Kulchar
Keyword(s):  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Western European ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the experience of Hungary in the development of Euro-regional cross-border cooperation. It is clear that the aim of the Euro-regions of Hungary was to achieve a high level of cooperation. These are European territorial dimensions, where there is rapid and branched communication, a competitive economy, where the role and importance of the periphery are diminished, there is an extensive network of social and cultural ties, and that the multiethnic population in these border regions is particularly important. without conflict. At the formation stage, the Hungarian Euro-regions sought to adapt as effectively as possible the specific Western European model of the Euro-region. Interestingly, this was done very quickly compared to the Western European regions where the euro-regions were subject to time-checks. Particular attention was paid to the dynamics of the development of the Hungarian Euro-region of Western Pannonia. The Western Pannonia Euro-region was created on the then-eastern border of the EU, so the experience of Euro-regional cooperation gained by Hungary's western border regions is of considerable interest to Ukraine. Hungary's accession to the EU is functionally gradually changing the Euro-region of Western Pannonia, that is, changing the territorial development plans of the Euro-region. Given the geographical location of the Western Pannonia Euro-region, this Euro-region served as a model for cooperation between EU and non-EU border regions. It should also be noted that funding for joint cross-border projects is important. From the point of view of economic development of the border areas, the high, dynamic development of the economy and the activity of economic ties were still characteristic of the whole Euro-region. The study focuses on the Eastern Partnership initiative. Particularly noteworthy is the Eastern Partnership initiative put forward in May 2008 by Poland and Sweden, which proposed a deepening of relations with eastern neighbors covered by the European Neighborhood Policy, including Ukraine. The Eastern Partnership is, in essence, a continuation of the Neighborhood Policy, ie it means that no EU member states are currently expected to enter.

scholarly journals Пандемия коронавируса и российско-китайское региональное сотрудничество

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Иван Юрьевич ЗУЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Social ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
High Dynamics

Статья посвящена анализу эффектов, которые по состоянию на начало мая 2020 г. оказала пандемия коронавируса COVID‐19 на российско-китайское приграничье. Негативные эффекты пандемии оказались в целом ниже, чем это можно было ожидать, учитывая географическую близость и протяжённость границы. В то же время приостановление трансграничных контактов заметно затормозило развитие ряда интеграционных процессов: в частности, отброшен назад переговорный процесс по либерализации визового режима; сократились российская община в Китае и китайская община в России; нанесён удар по туристической отрасли. Ключевые слова: Китай, Северо-Восточный Китай, Дальний Восток, коронавирус, интеграция, ксенофобия The article is dedicated to the analysis of the effects of coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic on the processes in the Russo-Chinese borderlands (border regions of Russian Far East and China’s north-eastern provinces) as of May, 1, 2020. The author believes that it is possible to draw some interim conclusions about the situation, despite its high dynamics and unpredictability. According to these conclusions, the pandemic’s negative effects on the social situation and development at the Russo-Chinese border appeared to be less than one could expect – that fact undermines little interdependence between border regions and low intensity of cross-border contacts. Expectations by some Western experts, who believed that tensions between people across the border due to the pandemic spreading would break Russo-Chinese quasi-alliance, seem to be missed as well. Quite the opposite, worsening of contradictions between Washington and Beijing makes Russia and China get closer and closer. Meanwhile, sealing off the border puts a break on development of certain integration processes: liberalization of visa-regime, development of expats communities in both Russia and China. China, North-Eastern China, Russian Far East, coronavirus, integration, xenophobia

scholarly journals Organizational and infrastructural processes security for formation and economic development of cross-border clusters

2021 ◽  
Vol 11/2 (-) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Oleksandr YEMELIANOV ◽  
Olha MYSHCHYSHYN ◽  
Anastasiia SYMAK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Infrastructural Support

Introduction. Improving the society's well-being and the income of businesses in border regions should be based, inter alia, on the benefits of their geographical location. One of the most effective ways to realize these benefits is the formation of cross-border cluster structures. However, the formation of cross-border clusters and their further development are difficult processes, the course of which is possible only under certain conditions. Specifying these conditions is an important step in developing a general strategy for cross-border cooperation and finding ways to intensify it on the basis of building cross-border cluster structures. Particularly, the necessary conditions for the formation and development of cross-border clusters are proper organizational and infrastructural support of these processes. The purpose of the paper is to determine the composition and to specify the features of organizational and infrastructural support of the formation and economic development of cross-border cluster structures. Results. The concept of economic development of a cross-border cluster was interpreted. The main stages of this development were identified. The creating model of the potential for cross-border cluster formation was presented. The main system components for ensuring the realization of this potential were identified. The grouping of creating ways of cross-border cluster structures was carried out. The processes sequence of formation and development of cross- border clusters has been offered. The main subjects of infrastructural processes that ensure formation and development of cross-border cluster structures were identified. Conclusions. The study showed that a necessary condition for the formation and development of cross-border clusters is the potential for these processes. There should also be a system to ensure the implementation of this potential, which consists of subsystems of organizational, infrastructural, methodological and regulatory support for the formation and development of cross-border cluster structures. There are some relationships between these four subsystems. Particularly, the infrastructural support of these processes largely determines the level of their organizational support. The obtained results can be used in the strategies development for socio-economic development of the border regions of Ukraine.

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