SIFAT FISIK DAN KEKUATAN MEKANIK KAYU AKASIA MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd) DARI HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Effendi Arsad
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Parallel Fibers ◽  
Dry Air

Acacia Mangium wood can to used for substitution comercial wood. Materiel Acacia mangium woods  was take from HTI at  seven age with diameter   30 – 33 cm.   The results Physical properties and mechanical strength obtained by the water content of dry air from 13.78 to 14.89%; density of 0.60 to 0.62 gr/cm3; specific gravity of 0.59 to 0.61; compressive strength parallel fibers from 319.54 to 361.70 Kg/cm2; compressive strength perpendicular to fiber 117-197 kg/cm2; bending strength (MOR) from 509.25 to 680.50 kg/cm2; cleave strength 80.25 to 110.90 kg/cm2; tensile strength of 98.27 to  133.03 kg/cm2; shear strength of parallel fiber from 93.53 to 149.43 kg/cm2 and hardness from 453 to 565 kg/cm2.  Physical properties and mechanical  strenght  can was  standard  for furniture and  construction.Keywords: acacia mangium wood, physical  and mechanical  wood

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Cocos nucifera Wood Planted Around Mt. Merapi, Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Ali Awaludin ◽  
J.P. Gentur Sutapa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Gravity Measurement ◽  
Bearing Strength

This study presented test results of mechanical properties of Cocos nucifera wood that were planted around Mt. Merapi, Yogyakarta. The test specimens were obtained from trees that had been exposed to pyroclastic flow during the 2010 volcanic eruption as indicated by dark colour of the outer bark. Test set-up was designed according to ASTM D143-94 and the mechanical properties, which are determined based on the lower 5% exclusion limit, were bending strength, shear strength, dowel bearing strength and compressive strength. Results of the specific gravity measurement showed significant variation of specific gravity between the inner part (close to the pith) and the outer part (far from the pith) in a cross-section. Since mechanical properties generally depend upon specific gravity, it was decided to divide the wood specimens into two groups: specimens from the inner part and specimens from the outer part. Most of the mechanical properties of wood specimens from the inner part, except for bending strength, were found to be much lower than E10 grade of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Hence it is not recommended for any structural use. In the case of wood specimens from the outer part, their mechanical properties were as follows: bending strength 83.66 MPa; shear strength parallel to grain 4.41 MPa; dowel bearing strength parallel to grain 40.65 MPa; dowel bearing strength perpendicular to grain 25.88 MPa, compressive strength parallel to grain 37.89 MPa; and compressive strength perpendicular to grain 7.48 MPa. It seemed that the wood specimens from the outer part had excellent mechanical properties especially in bending, but their shear strength is extremely low.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acacia Mangium in Structural Size at Green Condition

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaddafi Ismaili ◽  
Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar ◽  
Khairul Khuzaimah Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Structural Size ◽  
Green Condition

Acacia mangium is one of the most popular choices in the reforestation and rehabilitation of abandoned shifting cultivation areas dated back to the 70’s. This paper looks into the evaluation of mechanical strength and physical properties in structural size at green condition for Acacia mangium. The mechanical strength properties tests were referred to the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength. Meanwhile, physical properties determination referred to basic density and moisture content. At green condition, Acacia mangium had been identified under the strength group SG6. It was found that strength value of modulus of rupture was higher than the tensile strength value with 44% stronger in bending compared to in tension. At the structural size, the mean value for moisture content and basic density at green condition were reported with 73.03% and 0.54g/cm3 respectively.

PEMANFAATAN KAYU AKASIA MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd) UNTUK MEBEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Djoko Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Scale Scores

Timber Acacia mangium (Acacia mangium, Willd) for Furniture. The study aims to determine the mechanical and physical properties and the decorative value (color and fiber) wood of acacia mangium with using finishing materials. This type of finishing material used is ultran lasur natural dof ,ultran lasur classic teak, aqua politur clear dof, aqua politur akasia dan aqua politur cherry. After finishing the wood is stored for 3 months. Test parameters were observed, namely, physical and mechanical properties of wood, adhesion of finishing materials, color and appearance of the fiber, and timber dimensions expansion. The results showed that the mechanical physical properties of acacia wood qualified SNI. 01-0608-89 about the physical and mechanical properties of wood for furniture, air dry the moisture content from 13.78 to 14.89%, flexural strength from 509.25 to 680.50 kg/cm2, and compressive strength parallel to fiber 342.1 - 412.9 kg/cm2. Finishing the treatment process using five types of finishing materials can increase the decorative value (color and fiber) wood. Before finishing the process of acacia mangium wood has the appearance of colors and fibers and less attractive (scale scores 2-3), after finishing acacia wood fibers have the appearance of colors and interesting and very interesting (scale 4-5).Keywords: mangium wood, mechanical properties, decorative value, finishing, furniture.

CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 50

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gray Iron ◽  
Centrifugally Cast ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nominal Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Gray Iron

Abstract CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 50 is a centrifugally cast gray iron with a nominal tensile strength of 50,000 psi. It is cast in the form of tubing which has a wide range of uses in applications where size and shape are of paramount importance and freedom from pattern cost is an important consideration. Among its many applications are farm machinery, seals, bushings, machine tools and general machinery uses. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on casting, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CI-51. Producer or source: Federal Bronze Products Inc..

CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 55

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gray Iron ◽  
Centrifugally Cast ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nominal Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Gray Iron

Abstract CENTRI-CAST GRAY IRON 55 is a centrifugally cast gray iron with a nominal tensile strength of 55,000 psi. It is produced in the form of tubing which has a wide range of uses in applications where size and shape are of paramount importance and freedom from pattern cost is an important consideration. Typical applications are seals, bushings, farm machinery, casings and general machinery uses. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on casting, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CI-48. Producer or source: Federal Bronze Products Inc..

Selected Properties of Parallel Strand Lumber Made from Southern Pine and Yellow-Poplar

Holzforschung ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
A.W.C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
Average Modulus ◽  
Parallel Strand Lumber

Summary This study was conducted to explore basic physical and mechanical properties of parallel strand lumber (PSL) made exclusively from southern pine and yellow-poplar, respectively, and to examine their relationships using statistical analysis. Small specimens were prepared from commercial southern pine PSL and yellow-poplar PSL billets and tested for specific gravity, moisture content, dimensional stability, bending properties, shear strength and compressive strength. Results indicate average specific gravity of southern pine PSL is higher than that of yellow-poplar PSL, while their average moisture content and dimensional stability are very similar. Southern pine PSL has higher average modulus of elasticity but lower average modulus of rupture than yellow-poplar PSL. While average longitudinal shear strength does not exhibit differences between southern pine PSL and yellow-poplar PSL, average compressive strength of southern pine PSL is higher than that of yellow-poplar PSL. There are positive correlations among modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and specific gravity. PSL improves some properties of solid wood from which PSL is made.

scholarly journals The Effect of Borax Solution as Preservative to the Mechanical Properties of Bamboo

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.P Handana ◽  
◽  
Besman Surbakti ◽  
Rahmi Karolina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Preservative Solution ◽  
Borax Solution ◽  
Preservative Solutions

The use of borax solution as a preservative in wood and bamboo materials is well known in the community. A borax solution is an environmentally friendly liquid that can dissolve in water, so it is suitable to be used as a preservative within cold or hot soaking techniques. The ability of borax to resist insects and fungus attacks on bamboo has been proven, but the effect of the solution on the strength of bamboo must also be investigated. This study conducts to investigate the effects of borax and its additives as preservative solutions to the mechanical properties of bamboos. The bamboos preservations were conducted by cold conditions of immersion, while the mechanical properties were performed to understand the effects of preservatives. The result of this study indicated that 30% to 50% borax in the preservative solution is sufficient to provide significant increase in strength for compressive strength, tensile strength, and bending strength of bamboo specimen. From this study, the use of borax solution in preserving the bamboos materials improved the quality of bamboos based on its mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Shear Strength for Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Constantinos B. Demakos ◽  
Constantinos C. Repapis ◽  
Dimitros P. Drivas
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibre ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibres ◽  
Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete

Aims: The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of the volume fraction of fibres, the depth of the beam and the shear span-to-depth ratio on the shear strength of steel fibre reinforced concrete beams. Background: Concrete is a material widely used in structures, as it has high compressive strength and stiffness with low cost manufacturing. However, it presents low tensile strength and ductility. Therefore, through years various materials have been embedded inside it to improve its properties, one of which is steel fibres. Steel fibre reinforced concrete presents improved flexural, tensile, shear and torsional strength and post-cracking ductility. Objective: A better understanding of the shear performance of SFRC could lead to improved behaviour and higher safety of structures subject to high shear forces. Therefore, the influence of steel fibres on shear strength of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement is experimentally investigated. Methods: Eighteen concrete beams were constructed for this purpose and tested under monotonic four-point bending, six of which were made of plain concrete and twelve of SFRC. Two different aspect ratios of beams, steel fibres volume fractions and shear span-to-depth ratios were selected. Results: During the experimental tests, the ultimate loading, deformation at the mid-span, propagation of cracks and failure mode were detected. From the tests, it was shown that SFRC beams with high volume fractions of fibres exhibited an increased shear capacity. Conclusion: The addition of steel fibres resulted in a slight increase of the compressive strength and a significant increase in the tensile strength of concrete and shear resistance capacity of the beam. Moreover, these beams exhibit a more ductile behaviour. Empirical relations predicting the shear strength capacity of fibre reinforced concrete beams were revised and applied successfully to verify the experimental results obtained in this study.

Influence of Palm Oil Fibers Length Variation on Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Crude Bricks

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Daniel Levacher ◽  
Nathalie Leblanc ◽  
Hafida Zmamou ◽  
Irini Djeran Maigre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Crude bricks are composite materials manufactured with sediments and natural fibers. Natural fibers are waste materials and used in construction materials for reinforcement. Their reuse in manufacturing reinforced crude bricks is eco-friendly and improves mechanical and thermal characteristics of crude bricks. Factors such as type of fibers, percentage of fibers, length of fibers and distribution of fibers inside the bricks have significant effect on mechanical, physical and thermal properties of biobased composite materials. It can be observed by tests such as indirect tensile strength, compressive strength for mechanical characteristics, density, shrinkage, color for physical properties, thermal conductivity and resistivity for thermal properties, and inundation test for durability of crude bricks. In this study, mechanical and physical characteristics of crude bricks reinforced with palm oil fibers are investigated and effect of change in percentage and length of fibers is observed. Crude bricks of size 4*4*16 cm3 are manufactured with dredged sediments from Usumacinta River, Mexico and reinforced with palm oil fibers at laboratory scale. For this purpose, sediments and palm oil fibers characteristics were studied. Length of fibers used is 2cm and 3cm. Bricks manufacturing steps such as sediments fibers mixing, moulding, compaction and drying are elaborated. Dynamic compaction is opted for compaction of crude bricks due to energy control. Indirect tensile strength and compressive strength tests are conducted to identify the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks. Physical properties of bricks are studied through density and shrinkage. Durability of crude bricks is observed with inundation test. Thermal properties are studied with thermal conductivity and resistivity test. Distribution and orientation of fibers and fibers counting are done to observe the homogeneity of fibers inside the crude bricks. Finally, comparison between the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks manufactured with 2cm and 3cm length with control specimen was made.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Concrete Containing Graphene Oxide Nanosheets

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-You Wu ◽  
Longxin Que ◽  
Zhaoyang Cui ◽  
Paul Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Cement Pastes

Concrete made from ordinary Portland cement is one of the most widely used construction materials due to its excellent compressive strength. However, concrete lacks ductility resulting in low tensile strength and flexural strength, and poor resistance to crack formation. Studies have demonstrated that the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet can effectively enhance the compressive and flexural properties of ordinary Portland cement paste, confirming GO nanosheet as an excellent candidate for using as nano-reinforcement in cement-based composites. To date, the majority of studies have focused on cement pastes and mortars. Only limited investigations into concretes incorporating GO nanosheets have been reported. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the slump and physical properties of concrete reinforced with GO nanosheets at additions from 0.00% to 0.08% by weight of cement and a water–cement ratio of 0.5. The study demonstrates that the addition of GO nanosheets improves the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of concrete, whereas the slump of concrete decreases with increasing GO nanosheet content. The results also demonstrate that 0.03% by weight of cement is the optimum value of GO nanosheet dosage for improving the split tensile strength of concrete.

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