scholarly journals 儒家思想與健康概念

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Junxiang LIU ◽  
Guanhui WANG
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
Confucian Philosophy ◽  
Personal Behavior ◽  
Individual Human

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.健康是醫學哲學中最基本的概念之一。不少人認為，健康概念如同疾病一樣，受到不同價值觀念的影響，其內涵是多元化的，存在多種健康概念。筆者認為，我們所講的健康主要指人的健康，對健康的理解應當與對人的理解與界定聯繫起來。儘管不同哲學文化、思想觀念對人的界定各有側重，但都有共同的方面，健康概念也是如此。筆者認為， 世界衞生組織[World HealthOrganization (WHO)]的健康概念比較全面地揭示了健康的本質，已成為大多數人追求的健康目標。儒家對健康的理解主要基於人的道德意識和道德價值，強調修身養心、精神健康對維護軀體健康、構建和諧人際關係、社會環境的重要性，這與WHO 的定義有異曲同工之處。考察儒家思想對健康的理解，不僅有助於我們推進個體及人類健康，同時也有助於我們在價值多元化的後現代潮流中，為探尋不同民族文化、歷史傳統等之間的共同點提供思想基礎和實踐的可能性。Health is one of the basic concepts in the philosophy of medicine. Some philosophers hold that just as there are different concepts of diseases, there are different concepts of health, because such concepts are deeply influenced by value judgments. This papershows that health as we often talk about is the health of individual human beings, and that the concept of health should be based on an understanding of the essence of individual human beings. From this viewpoint, there is some common ground among the different concepts of health.The key issue discussed in this paper is what Confucian philosophy can contribute to the understanding and promotion of human health. Confucian philosophy claims that the essence of individual human beings lies in the virtues that distinguish human beings from animals. The main Confucian virtues are “ren,” “yi,” “li,” and “zhi” “Ren” means showing love to others, which is the core virtue and principle of perfecting oneself and having proper relationship with others. It emphasizes that personal mental health, good relationships with others, and a harmonious society are important factors of personal health. This paper argues that this Confucian viewpoint is closely aligned with the World Health Organization’s definition of health, and addresses the following relevant issues.1. In Confucian philosophy, “shen” (usually translated as “body”) has three meanings, referring not only to the physical body, but also to the unity of body and mind, and sometimes also to virtue. “Xin” mainly refers to the mind, but also refers tomoral consciousness.The holistic unity of body and mind urges people to pay attention to everyday life, especially diet, nutrition, and sleep. Mind is not another entity, but is embodied in the body.2. Confucian philosophy emphasizes that “xin” (mind) dominates “body.” It urges us to pay more attention to “xiu shen,” or perfecting ourselves. Emotions deeply influence health. In Confucian philosophy the “seven main emotions” are “love, anger, grief, joy, sadness, fear, and shock.” If these emotions are excessive, then they will cause illness and disease. Virtue can cultivate our character and help us to regulate these emotions correctly. Those who have virtue are always peaceful and long-lived. “Xiu shen” involves trying to be a “junzi,” or one who has moral virtue.3. Confucian philosophy emphasizes “xiu shen” and the individual’s obligation to personal behavior and health. Although the social environment and life conditions influence personal behavior and health, we are also responsible for our bhavior and health. A “junzi” is a kind of man who can persist with his virtue and resist lures. Medical knowledge and technology cannot cure all diseases, so everyone should take preventative measures.However, this does not mean that health is the result of virtue, or that disease is the result of immorality. Virtue is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for health. “It is a misfortune to lose health, but not misconduct.”4. Confucian health emphasizes that “xiu shen” and good interpersonal relationships are important to personal health. The core meaning of “ren” is to love and help others: what you do not want to be done to yourself, do not do to others. This principle helps one to get along well with family members, neighbors, and friends, and to construct ordered, harmonious interpersonal relationships and a favorable social environment. This benefits personal health and the welfare of human beings as a whole.In brief, Confucian philosophy promotes health, and helps people to live a happy life by developing perfect virtue. It is worth sharing with other nations.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 768 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Prevalência das Lesões Músculo-Esqueléticas em Trabalhadores Industriais: uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
Paulo Silva ◽  
Roberto Silva ◽  
Germano Couto
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Printing Industry ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Region

Introduction According to the World Health Organization, in 2017, musculoskeletal diseases were the major contributors to global disability. Considering the exercise of functions in a professional context as an essential component in the daily life of human beings, it is in this environment that many of these injuries arise. The serious economic, labour and social repercussions that this type of injuries can cause brings us to the importance of analysing the current prevalence of these events in several industries, as well as the most affected body areas. Methods A literature search was carried out in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases, of articles published after 2015. The keywords used were “employee”, “skeletal muscle”, “injuries” and “industry/ sector”. This research resulted in 132 articles, of which 37 were revised to the full text and assessed their quality, which allowed the selection of 15 articles for a consequent analysis. Results Among the various industries, the tanning industry was the one with the highest global prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries (89.1%), 94.5% in females and 85% in males. In general, the prevalence of this type of injury in workers from different industries was around 70%. In most of the industries analysed (such as food, construction and textiles), the back/ lumbar area was the area most described as the origin of these injuries, with the exception of the printing industry, which reported a higher prevalence at the shoulder level. However, the back was the least identified region in the printing industry, being replaced, in this case, by the shoulder region. Discussion / Conclusion In general, and according to the data obtained, industrial workers are affected by a prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries that can vary between about 55% and 90%. The most affected regions of the body include the back, followed by shoulders, lower limbs and neck. The female sex was shown to be the most susceptible gender to contract musculoskeletal injuries, with respect to industrial workers.

scholarly journals The knowledge of disembodied souls: Epistemology, body, and social embeddedness in the eschatological doctrine of later sixteenth-century German Lutherans

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
Gábor Ittzés
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Popular Religion ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Knowledge Of God

In the wake of their rejection of purgatory Protestants had to rethink their eschatological views. The German Lutherans of the latter half of the sixteenth century developed a robust doctrine of the last things, including a teaching on what departed souls know prior to the resurrection. Following an overview of the sources and a brief reconstruction of the overall locus, this article focuses on an analysis of what and how disembodied souls are claimed to know. The evidence holds some surprises. First, while more than lip-service is certainly paid to the ways of knowing God, the authors’ real interest lies in the exploration of interpersonal relationships. Their primary concern is how other human beings, whether still on earth or already departed, may be known and what may be known about them. The implications are threefold. Knowledge of God and knowledge of human beings—ultimately, knowledge of self—are intertwined. Anthropology takes centre-stage, and ontology is thus superseded by epistemology. In all this, the body is never relinquished. The apparently unconscious importation of sensory language and conceptualisation of sense-based experience permeate the discussion of ostensibly disembodied knowledge. Knowing, for our authors, is ultimately a function of the body even if this means ‘packing’ bodily functions into the soul. In this doctrine, which may have had its roots in patristics but which has also demonstrably absorbed impulses from popular religion, knowledge of God is not only deeply connected with individual identity but also exhibits indelible social features and is inseparable from the (re)constitution of community.

scholarly journals The importance of emotional capital in organizations

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Verónica Gutiérrez-Ocampo ◽  
Sergio Carlos Delgado-Reyes ◽  
Virginia Silva-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
Emotional Capital ◽  
Personal Performance ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
Core Part

Within the organizations we work with the personnel in the different areas, who are the core part so that the Company can offer its products or services, in the course of work as human beings we face many problems with the personnel that we interact for not manage our emotions in our work and social environment, causing our environment to become chaos and affect the company or organization where we work. Through Emotional Capital, personal performance, communication and therefore the work environment cab be optimized. The staff will not fear being fired from their job but will fell part of it and will be motivated by working and this will reduce absenteeism and will be motivate by working, and this will reduce absenteeism and turnover. Another result is to increase people’s selfe-steem, which will be reflected in their attitudes because they will have a positive trend. This will generate greater adaptability to the processes of change because fear and uncertainty will be managed. With this model you can also facilitate processes.

scholarly journals The Significance of Ramana Maharshi's Self-Enquiry for Meditation

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
DAYEONG PARK ◽  
SURESH L. BARNAWAL
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Great Awakening ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
Crucial Part

Seeking happiness has become a crucial part of human beings due to a consistent rise in anxiety and stress over the passing years. As a result, the importance of Indian meditation practices has risen worldwide. Especially, Ramana Maharshi's Self-enquiry is one of the significant meditation practices found in India. The purpose of this paper is to show that Mokṣa (liberation), where one is free from suffering, can be attained by the practice of Self-enquiry, which is simple but powerful because it immediately pierces to the core, the Self. Ramana is the ancient traditional master in India, and he is also known for using silence in the instruction of his disciples. The essence of Self-enquiry is that it is not to realize something anew but to abide as the Self, in the here and now with aware affirmation "I am already Thou." Ramana's life, the experience of his great awakening, the Self, 'I'-thought, the body, the theoretical aspect of Self-enquiry as meditation by Ramana and the practical aspect of Self-enquiry as meditation by Prof. Kim Kyeungmin are presented to illustrate the significance of this method. It is pointed out that Maharshi's Self-enquiry is more valuable and productive than other meditation techniques.

scholarly journals How Child and Youth Care Students Think About and Practice Forgiveness: A Qualitative Course-Based Research Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Gerard Bellefeuille ◽  
Michelle Derkson ◽  
Alyssa Bush ◽  
Karley Leverenz ◽  
Katrina Panchyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Youth Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Child And Youth Care ◽  
The Core ◽  
Meaningful Relationship

At the core of child and youth care (CYC) practice is the ability to cultivate meaningful and positive relationships with children and youth. As CYC students we are taught from day one that knowing one’s self is a pre-condition to building positive and meaningful relationship with others. As a result, we are educated to become more self-aware, a process that involves building our capacity to honestly recognize our beliefs, emotions, personality traits, values, biases, and motivations. Most importantly, we are taught to be forgiving because as human beings we are adept at hiding awkward or painful truths from ourselves. The aim of this course-based study is to contribute to the body of relational CYC knowledge by investigating the perceptions of CYC students’ understanding and practice of the concept of forgiveness. The data were analyzed using a six-phased process of thematic analysis based on the work of Braun and Clark (2006). Four themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (a) freedom, (b) learning how, (c) forgiveness is a process, and (d) your road to forgiveness is your own.

HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK BIDAN SUPRIYATI SRIBIT BERBAH SLEMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.

Preventing child sexual abuse and the use of child abuse images: the Prevention Project Dunkelfeld as an international perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus M. Beier
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sexual Offences

Paedophilia—a sexual preference for the body scheme of pre-pubescent children—is defined as a disorder within the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) of the World Health Organization as well as within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association. Contrary to popular belief, not all sex offenders who target children are paedophiles, and not all paedophiles commit sexual offences. But quite obviously paedophilia is an emotionally charged and controversial topic, which might be an explanation for putting it out of focus within the healthcare system. Mental health professionals are mainly (and worldwide) not well trained in terms of assessment methods and intervention techniques available to develop and implement effective policies and practices. This presents an obstacle for prevention, in that proactive strategies to protect children from child sexual abuse and sexual exploitation by online offences, such as the consumption or distribution of child abusive images (so-called child pornography), which emphasises the internationally relevant dimension of the issue. The article will address key concerns and questions in dealing with this clinically relevant population, offer insights into a primary prevention approach developed in Germany, and discuss the situation on a European level.

Adaptations of Time Travel Narratives in Japanese Multimedia: Nurturing Eudaimonia across Time and Space

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Ae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
The Future ◽  
Live Action

To displace a character in time is to depict a character who becomes acutely conscious of his or her status as other, as she or he strives to comprehend and interact with a culture whose mentality is both familiar and different in obvious and subtle ways. Two main types of time travel pose a philosophical distinction between visiting the past with knowledge of the future and trying to inhabit the future with past cultural knowledge, but in either case the unpredictable impact a time traveller may have on another society is always a prominent theme. At the core of Japanese time travel narratives is a contrast between self-interested and eudaimonic life styles as these are reflected by the time traveller's activities. Eudaimonia is a ‘flourishing life’, a life focused on what is valuable for human beings and the grounding of that value in altruistic concern for others. In a study of multimodal narratives belonging to two sets – adaptations of Tsutsui Yasutaka's young adult novella The Girl Who Leapt Through Time and Yamazaki Mari's manga series Thermae Romae – this article examines how time travel narratives in anime and live action film affirm that eudaimonic living is always a core value to be nurtured.

All Animals Are Equal, or Are They? The Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ’s Animal Epistle and its Unhappy End

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarra Tlili
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Final Outcome ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Privileged Status

The Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ’s animal epistle is an intriguing work. Although in the body of the narrative the authors challenge anthropocentric preconceptions and present nonhuman animals in a more favourable light than human beings, inexplicably, the narrative ends by reconfirming the privileged status of humans. The aim of this paper is to propose an explanation for this discrepancy. I argue that the egalitarian message reflected in the body of the narrative is traceable back to the Qur'an, the main text with which the authors engage in the fable, whereas the final outcome is due to the Ikhwān's hierarchical worldview.

Jalan Kesempurnaan Menurut Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil di Cijati Desa Cikareo Selatan Sumedang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Syarifudin Syarifudin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Sect ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Each religious sect has its own characteristics, whether fundamental, radical, or religious. One of them is Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, which is in Cijati, South Cikareo Village, Wado District, Sumedang Regency. This congregation is Sufism with the concept of self-purification as the subject of its teachings. So, the purpose of this study is to reveal how the origin of Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, the concept of its purification, and the procedures of achieving its purification. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a normative theological approach as the blade of analysis. In addition, the data generated is the result of observation, interviews, and document studies. From the collected data, Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil adheres to the core teachings of Islam and is the tenth regeneration of Islam Teachings, which refers to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. According to this congregation, self-perfection becomes an obligation that must be achieved by human beings in order to remember Allah when life is done. The process of self-purification is done when human beings still live in the world by knowing His God. Therefore, the peak of self-purification is called Insan Kamil. 

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