scholarly journals Censorship in Australia: Intrusions into media freedom flying beneath the international free expression radar

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Fernandez ◽  
Mark Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
News Media ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
International Ranking ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Freedom House

Australia has ranked among the top 30 nations in recent world press freedom surveys published by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) and Freedom House and is broadly regarded as a substantially free Western liberal democracy. This article considers how the methodologies of those organisations assess the impact upon media freedom of a range of recent decisions and actions by Australian politicians, judges and government agencies. There is considerable evidence of a shift towards official secrecy and suppression of information flow. However, according to this analysis such developments are unlikely to impact significantly on Australia’s international ranking in media freedom indices. This article uses the methodologies of RSF and Freedom House to explore whether the international free expression organisations’ criteria are justifiably weighted towards violence against journalists, their imprisonment and formal anti-press laws and might allow for a nuanced comparison of other evidence of constraints on the news media in developed democracies.

scholarly journals Noted: Dual purpose resource for media freedom

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
Mark Pearson
Keyword(s):  
International Federation ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
The World ◽  
Counter Argument ◽  
Freedom House

"Just how many surveys of the world press freedom do we need? One view is that there can never be enough because, every time Freedom House, Reporters San Frontiéres, the International Federation of Journalists or the Committee to Protect Journalists  releases one, the message of media freedom is disseminated. Of course, the counter argument is that the same message loses its impact when so many competing non-governmental organisations announce their various lists derived form different formulae..."

Measuring freedom: Rethinking ranking methodologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Aslı Tunç
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Freedom House

This article is a critical analysis of the methodology of press freedom indices of two independent international watchdog organizations, Freedom House (<uri xlink:href="https://freedomhouse.org/">https://freedomhouse.org/</uri>) and Reporters Without Borders (RSF-<uri xlink:href="https://rsf.org/en">https://rsf.org/en</uri>). The author argues that press freedom indices tend to offer us a homogenous view of mass media, which facilitates comparisons between countries by masking significant differences and discusses the challenges of dealing with the difference in the conceptualization of media freedom. As a social scientist, she also brings validity and reliability issues, which are crucial in quantitative research methods, into the discussion.

Przywództwo polityczne w ramach „stabilokracji” a stan demokracji: przykład Serbii

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Agata B. Domachowska
Keyword(s):  
Political Leadership ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
The State ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Economist Intelligence Unit ◽  
The Press ◽  
In Transit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Freedom House

The aim of this article is an attempt to answer the question of the impact of Aleksander Vucic political leadership on democracy in Serbia. In this analysis it will be used the new concept of stabilitocracy which describes the semi-authoritarian regimes in the Western Balkans. Furthermore, in order to measure the state of democracy in Serbia I will analyse the Democracy Index produced by The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), Nations in Transit reports (Freedom House) and the Press Freedom Index published by Reporters Without Borders. I will summarize the article with some conclusions regarding the need for further research.

Freedom of the Press and Public Responsiveness

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Dan Hiaeshutter-Rice ◽  
Stuart Soroka ◽  
Christopher Wlezien
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Oecd Data ◽  
Freedom House

Public responsiveness to policy is contingent on there being a sufficient amount of clear and accurate information about policy available to citizens. It is of some significance then, that there are increasing concerns about limits being placed on media outlets around the world. We examine the impact of these limits on the public’s ability to respond meaningfully to policy by analyzing cross-national variation in the opinion–policy link. Using new measures on spending preferences from Wave 4 of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems, merged with OECD data on government spending and Freedom House measures of press freedom, we assess the role of mass media in facilitating public responsiveness. We find evidence that when media are weak, so too is public responsiveness to policy. These results highlight the critical role that accurate, unfettered media can play in modern representative democracy.

scholarly journals The media regulation debate in a democracy lacking a free expression guarantee

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Pearson
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
National Level ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Media Regulation ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Two major inquiries into the Australian news media in 2011 and 2012 prompted a necessary debate over the extent to which rapidly converging and globalised news businesses and platforms require statutory regulation at a national level. Three regulatory models emerged—a News Media Council backed by recourse to the contempt powers of courts; a super self-regulatory body with legislative incentives to join; and the status quo with a strengthened Australian Press Council policing both print and online media. This article reviews the proposals and explores further the suggestion that consumer laws could be better utilised in any reform. It concludes with an assessment of the impact of the inquiries and their recommendations upon free expression in a Western democracy lacking constitutional protection of the media.

scholarly journals Influence of some social subjects on the media culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Rašević
Keyword(s):  
Media Culture ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Editorial Policies ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Media Institutions ◽  
The Media ◽  
Freedom House

Th is paper analyzes the problem of media culture today on the global andregional level in relation to its dominant social actors. Media culture in thework involves media content and the means of its transmission, high technologicalachievements (which are used in the process of collection, processingand dissemination of information) and a source of culture that we areadopting. Th e aim of this paper is to point out the infl uence of the dominantsocial actors - economic and scientifi c centers of power - the media culture.Th e problems that arise as a consequence of the most powerful determinantsof media culture are considered. Special attention is paid to research on freedomof media of American NGO Freedom House and IREX (InternationalResearch and Exchange Board) ProMedia. Th e position and freedom of themedia today compared to the past ten years is considered. Media freedom ismeasured by the score of freedom of speech, level of professional standards ofquality, reliable and objective information, economic business and independenceof editorial policies and actions of media institutions in the function ofprofessional media interest. It is noted that there are more and more countrieswhere press freedom is declined and that most of the countries of Europe andEurasia are in a precarious economic position, because they are not free increating media content and media culture, is often dependent on the powercenters that work in its fi eld.

Assessment of small businesses activities in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Igor Ponomarenko ◽  
Kateryna Volovnenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The subject of the research is a set of approaches to the statistical analysis ofthe activities of small business entities in Ukraine, including micro-enterprises. The purpose of writing this article is to study of the features of functioningof small business entities in Ukraine. Methodology. The research methodology isto use a system-structural and comparative analysis (to study the change in thenumber of small enterprises by major components); monographic (when studyingmethods of statistical analysis of small businesses); economic analysis (when assessing the impact of small business entities on socio-economic phenomena andprocesses in Ukraine). The scientific novelty consists to determine the features ofthe functioning of small businesses in Ukraine in modern conditions. The influenceof the activities of the main socio-economic and political indicators on the activities of small enterprises in recent periods of time has been identified. It has beenestablished that there is flexibility in the development of strategies by small businesses in conditions of significant competition, which makes it possible to quicklyrespond to changing situations in specific markets. Conclusions. The use of acomprehensive statistical analysis of small businesses functioning in Ukraine willallow government agencies to develop a set of measures to optimize the activitiesof these enterprises, which ultimately will positively affect the strengthening oftheir competitiveness and will contribute to the growth of the national economicsystem.

Freedom of Expression versus Privacy and the Right to Reputation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Voorhoof
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Investigative Journalism ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Right Of Privacy ◽  
The One ◽  
Grand Chamber ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The normative perspective of this chapter is how to guarantee respect for the fundamental values of freedom of expression and journalistic reporting on matters of public interest in cases where a (public) person claims protection of his or her right to reputation. First it explains why there is an increasing number and expanding potential of conflicts between the right to freedom of expression and media freedom (Article 10 ECHR), on the one hand, and the right of privacy and the right to protection of reputation (Article 8 ECHR), on the other. In addressing and analysing the European Court’s balancing approach in this domain, the characteristics and the impact of the seminal 2012 Grand Chamber judgment in Axel Springer AG v. Germany (no. 1) are identified and explained. On the basis of the analysis of the Court’s subsequent jurisprudence in defamation cases it evaluates whether this case law preserves the public watchdog-function of media, investigative journalism and NGOs reporting on matters of public interest, but tarnishing the reputation of public figures.

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