scholarly journals The influence of classical philosophy on the transformation of economics and economic institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
G. Ryazanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Institutions ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Classical Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophy And Economics

The author reveals the connection between philosophical and economic thought in the classical period. The influence of philosophy on political and economic aspects of national economy development in the pre–scientific and scientific periods is revealed. The features of philosophical and worldview concepts of classicism that reflect the specifics of the era are indicated. The analysis of the relationship between classical philosophy and Economics has shown the influence of spiritual and moral aspects of the epoch, transcendentalism, rationalism, and a apriorism on economic theories based on the mechanistic paradigm, the logic of economic laws, and clear and unambiguous provisions for the formation and development of economic institutions. A model is presented that reveals the interaction of economic institutions from the position of classical philosophy in terms of the individualistic concept of behavior of classical economic agents, the Institute of labor resources as the basis of value and wealth, balance as a key element of the self–regulating order and distribution of economic benefits, and other aspects.

How Homo economicus lost her mind and how we can revive her

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter DeScioli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe target article by Boyer & Petersen (B&P) contributes a vital message: that people have folk economic theories that shape their thoughts and behavior in the marketplace. This message is all the more important because, in the history of economic thought, Homo economicus was increasingly stripped of mental capacities. Intuitive theories can help restore the mind of Homo economicus.

J. Tobin's Monetary Dynamic Model and the Analysis of Russian Economy

2009 ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
V. Manevich
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Q Theory ◽  
Keynesian Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Monetary Assets

The paper considers the monetary dynamic model developed by J. Tobin, the leader of Keynesian economic thought in 1970-1990. Particularly, the author examines q-theory of investment proposed by Tobin which allows to expose the relationship between supply of monetary assets and investment in real capital. Application of various tools of monetary and financial policies is also considered in its different forms. The author aspires to use Tobin's model for the analysis of processes existing in the Russian economy and to test theoretical propositions and relationships elaborated by Tobin on Russian statistics.

The Influence of Institutional Factors on Macroeconomic Dynamics (On the Example of the Russian Federation)

2021 ◽  
pp. 279-293
Author(s):  
Olga S. Demchenko ◽  
◽  
Yulia Yu. Suslova ◽  
Svetlana K. Demchenko ◽  
Sergey A. Zhironkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
National Income ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Institutional Factor ◽  
Macroeconomic Dynamics ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Past

The article presents an original Keynesian-institutional approach to studying the macroeconomic dynamics of a transitional economy (on the example of Russia). The article proposes theoretical provisions related to the inclusion of an assessment of the institutional factor in the distribution of national income, as well as an authorial approach to modeling the relationship between institutions and aggregate demand based on the construction of linear regression equations, including changes in consumption, investment and institutional environment. Currently, economists have a desire to revise the mainstream and increase the requirements for the explanatory ability of macroeconomic models. The views widespread in economic theory are increasingly criticized due to the predominance of econometric analysis over qualitative interpretations, the unrealistic hypotheses of the rationality of economic agents’ behavior and the perfection of market mechanisms based on the assumption that it is possible to predict the future based on an analysis of the past. In order to solve the indicated problems, it is often proposed to use synthetic theories that combine the achievements of several schools of economic thought. One of these synthetic theories is Keynesian-institutional synthesis. The proposed approach is applied to assess the macroeconomic dynamics of the Russian economy, in which a decrease in consumption and investment volatility have been observed over the past five years, which is associated with macroeconomic stabilization and the development of social support institutions. However, the expectations of economic agents are rather unfavorable, and further measures are needed to stabilize aggregate demand. According to the analysis of official statistics, institutional factors significantly affect aggregate demand, but are not of priority. At the same time, the general conditions of the institutional environment have a stronger effect on investment than on consumption. On this basis, it has been concluded that the progress of institutions can not only accelerate economic growth, but also increase macroeconomic risks; therefore, it increases the responsibility of politicians for decisions in the field of economic regulation.

ECONOMIC THEORIES OF COMPETITION, WHICH DETERMINE THE CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Yaroslav BEREZIVSKYI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Intellectual Resource ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Technological Competitiveness

A significant number of scientific economic theories have been identified, which substantiate the essential characteristics of the technological competitiveness of the national economy. The difference between each of the theories is due to the evolution of economic development, conditions and factors of formation, as well as directions and means (tools) to ensure the technological competitiveness of the national economy. The conditions and factors of formation of technological competitiveness of the national economy according to economic theories of competition – blue ocean, global advance of competitors, competitive advantages, cyclical development of economy, neoliberalism, structuring are allocated. In each of the theories of competition as their historical evolution, the technological competitiveness of the economy was considered in the context of access and ability to effectively use technological resources, the formation of the market of innovation and technology, implementation of state policy to stimulate innovation. Taking into account theories of competition allows to clarify the important characteristics of technological competitiveness of the national economy, which relate to determining the influence of society, state, market environment, globalization and informatization on the creation and implementation of technologies in economic processes, economic competitiveness. Analysis of the evolution of scientific views shows the high intensity of changes in the field of competition and provides a wide range of conditions and factors for the formation of technological competitiveness, the development of economic agents. Accordingly, the lack of opportunities for technological and innovative development of national producers should be regarded as the main threat to the competitiveness of the economy. These are market, infrastructural, technological, innovative, intellectual, resource and other trends, in the context of which it becomes possible to effectively use competitive opportunities.

Testing the Role of Contextual Deliberation in the Compromise Effect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Compromise Effect ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Task Order ◽  
Preference Construction ◽  
Endogenous Information ◽  
Classical Economic

Many phenomena of preference construction demonstrate a violation of the rationality premise in classical economic theories. One of the most well-known examples of preference construction is the compromise effect. This puzzling anomaly can be rationalized by contextual deliberation (i.e., endogenous information retrieval/acquisition that can partially resolve utility uncertainty before choice). In this research, we investigate the empirical validity of this explanation by performing falsification tests for its necessary predictions and identifying it from other potential accounts. We conduct five experiments with more than 1,000 participants and show that the compromise effect can be positively mediated by response time and cannot be eliminated by context information, but it can be moderated by manipulating the level of deliberation (i.e., time constraint, preference articulation, task order). These findings are consistent with the predictions of the theory of contextual deliberation. We also show that, on average, contextual deliberation (as proxied by response time) can uniquely account for about half of the total compromise effect. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis

scholarly journals Recapitulation of the relationship between economic thoughts and realities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Hua Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Economic Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose It is rather common for China’s current academic circles to use western doctrines that originated in situ to explain China’s economic problems, a suspicion of scenario misplacement may thus arise. The root cause lies in the lack of reflection about the current relationship between economic thoughts and realities. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Correctly understanding economic thoughts associated with the brand of “that era” and effectively deducing its characteristics is of great significance to finding new features of this era and constructing new ideas with the characteristics of “this era.” Findings This motif is exactly the keynote on which to base the study of economic history and economic thought. Originality/value In a period of major historical turning points, the economic realities on which the economic thinking about that era (the era of economists) relied was undergoing major changes, and re-emphasizing the ancient topic of the relationship between economic thoughts and economic realities became particularly urgent.

scholarly journals Teleworking in Times of COVID-19: Effects on the Acquisition of Personal Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Pulido-Martos ◽  
Daniel Cortés-Denia ◽  
Esther Lopez-Zafra
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many employees to introduce different degrees of teleworking, leading to a transformation of the psychosocial work environment. In this study, we analyzed whether the relationship between a labor resource, social support, and a personal resource, vigor at work, is affected by the work modality (face-to-face, hybrid that includes face-to-face work and telework time, and telework caused by the current pandemic situation). Five hundred and forty-three employees answered an online questionnaire about their perceptions of the levels of social support, vigor experienced in the last month, and work modality. Seniority in the organization and the gender of the employees were controlled for. The model fit was significant [F(7, 535) = 20.816, p < 0.001], accounting for 21% of the variation in vigor (R2 = 0.21). The interaction was also significant [F(2, 535) = 4.13, p < 0.05], with an increase of 1% in the explanation of the variance in vigor at work (ΔR2 = 0.01). Differences were found in the positive relationship between levels of social support and vigor at work, among the face-to-face and telework modalities (hybrid and telework), but not between teleworking modalities. As a result, we posit that the different forms of telework moderate (buffer) the relationship experienced between labor resources (social support) and personal resources (vigor at work). This implies that, for the design of teleworking conditions, it is necessary to provide work resources similar to those in face-to-face settings, such as social support.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of foreign investment in the context of the evolution of economic theories

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Maryana Orshanska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Monopolistic Competition ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
International Capital ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Economic Theories

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the formation and evolution of foreign direct investment in terms of various economic theories taking into account changes in the stages of socio-economic development. The study of these historical and economic issues was carried out using systematic analysis and historical method; which allowed us to identify the genesis and analyze the evolution of economic theories on the formation and development of foreign direct investment. The author conducted a detailed study of the history of investment activities and management of foreign direct investment from the oldest origins in the ancient world to modern forms of innovation. It was found that at different times, repre- sentatives of various economic theories (open economy, market modernization, monopolistic competition, international capital movements, etc.) worked on under- standing complex investment processes, risk management and methods of obtaining economic benefits, who considered foreign direct investment as a guaranteed im- provement and development of society. The analysis of scientific literature and statistics shows positive social, po- litical, economic, technological and other effects of investment activities: job creation and training, export diversification and improvement of export perfor- mance, introduction of science-intensive technologies, activation of local firms – suppliers and subcontractors, the introduction of effective management methods, foreign exchange inflows, etc. Analyzing the genesis of economic theories, opinions and research, we conclude that humanity, feeling the need for savings, pays considerable attention to investment. The stages of the investment economy and the choice of methods of control over them indicate the urgency of this problem, and today scientists continue to discover new aspects of investment opportunities and develop innovative forms, mechanisms, tools of investment policy. Key words: economic theories, foreign direct investment, investment activity, international capital movement.

scholarly journals Institutional Obstacles and Solutions to the Integration and Development of Cultural Tourism in Chongqing

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Shaoyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Secretary

<p>General Secretary Jinping Xi pointed out that "In the process of promoting the reform of cultural system and the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and industries, the relationship between ideological attributes and industrial attributes, social benefits and economic benefits should be grasped." The basic purpose of the establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism in China is to promote the integration and development of cultural undertakings, cultural industries and tourism, to guide tourism with culture and to promote cultural development with tourism. Based on the current situation of the integration and development of cultural tourism in Chongqing, this paper analyzes its four major institutional obstacles and puts forward specific solutions.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document