scholarly journals Reseña de la Jornada de Discusión sobre la Reforma Política del Distrito Federal / Review of the Discussion Day on the Political Reform of the Federal District, Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Diego Franco ◽  
Martha Schteingart ◽  
Vicente Ugalde

El 14 de noviembre de 2014 el Centro de Estudios Demográficos, Urbanos y Ambientales de El Colegio de México llevó a cabo una jornada de discusión en la que fue tratada la denominada Reforma Política del Distrito Federal. El propósito del encuentro fue escuchar a especialistas en temas relacionados con la actividad política, económica y social de la ciudad para conocer y analizar la reforma que actualmente está en proceso legislativo en el Senado de la República. Nos interesaba escuchar las opiniones de los expertos sobre las implicaciones de la reforma en aspectos como el estatus político y constitucional de la que será denominada “Ciudad de México”, los derechos y obligaciones de sus habitantes (de los ciudadanos, de los vecinos…), en aspectos como los presupuestales y financieros, la participación ciudadana, y la desigualdad social y la pobreza, entre otros. Algunas de las interrogantes que animaron la realización de esta jornada de discusión fueron respecto a qué ventajas supone el cambio de nombre de Distrito Federal a Ciudad de México; qué implicaciones concretas tiene darle una definición jurídica a la Ciudad de México; sobre si la añeja reivindicación de los “derechos plenos” se verá satisfecha con la Reforma, es decir si esos cambios propiciarán una ciudad más justa, más competitiva, más moderna y más democrática; en fin, si la convertirán en un lugar en donde el disfrute de derechos y libertades sea más accesible. La jornada comprendió dos mesas redondas: en la primera la Reforma se discutió desde una perspectiva política e institucional, mientras que en la segunda el énfasis se puso en aspectos sociales y económicos. En las siguientes páginas se presenta una versión resumida, pero apegada a las intervenciones de los participantes.Abstract:On November 14, 2014, the Center for Demographic, Urban and Environmental Studies at El Colegio de México organized a discussion day to address the Federal District Political Reform. The purpose of the meeting was to listen to experts on issues related to the political, economic and social activity of the city to learn about and discuss the reform currently under legislation in the Senate. We were interested in hearing the views of experts on the implications of the reform in areas such as the political and constitutional status of what will be called “Mexico City”, the rights and obligations of its inhabitants (citizens, residents...) in areas such as budgetary and financial aspects, citizen participation, social inequality and poverty, and so on. Some of the questions that led to the organization of this discussion day were the advantages of renaming the Federal District as Mexico City; the practical implications of providing a legal definition for Mexico; and whether the longstanding demand for “full rights” will be met through the reform, in other words, whether these changes will lead to a fairer, more competitive, more modern and more democratic city; in short, whether they will make it a place where the enjoyment of rights and freedoms is more accessible.  The event comprised two panel discussions: in the first, the reform was discussed from a political and institutional perspective; whereas in the second, emphasis was placed on social and economic aspects. Below is a condensed yet faithful version of the partici­pants’ interventions.

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 663
Author(s):  
Martha De Alba

En el presente artículo se estudia el imaginario urbano de la Ciudad de México valiéndose de la comparación de la perspectiva de una muestra de residentes del Distrito Federal con otra muestra de funcionarios encargados de la gestión de la metrópoli. Se parte del supuesto de que las imágenes que esta gran ciudad suscita corresponden a dos registros distintos: por un lado la experiencia urbana captada a través del discurso sobre la ciudad y por el otro las imágenes cartográficas que se materializan en mapas cognitivos del espacio. Se presentan aquí los resultados de estas dos perspectivas complementarias de análisis de las representaciones de la ciudad y se propone una metodología para su estudio. Asimismo se analiza si la vivencia y la representación de la ciudad corresponden a las propuestas teóricas que plantean que la metrópoli contemporánea ya no es más un lugar de convivencia, sociabilidad e identidad, sino que se ha convertido en un espacio únicamente funcional. AbstractThis article studies the urban imagination in Mexico City, using the comparison of the perspective of a sample of residents from the Federal District with another sample of functionaries in charge of managing the metropolis. It begins with the assumption that the images this great city evokes correspond to two different registers: on the one hand, the urban experience recorded through the discourse on the city and on the other, the cartographic images materialized in cognitive maps of space. This article presents the results of these two complementary methods of analyzing the representations of the city and proposes a methodology for studying them. It also analyzes whether the experience and the representation of the city correspond to the theoretical proposals suggesting that the contemporary metropolis is no longer a place of coexistence, sociability and identity but has become a purely functional space.


2018 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Javier Ramírez Escamilla

ResumenEn este artículo se analiza el trayecto histórico-jurídico de la Ciudad de México, desde su fundación como México-Tenochtitlán hasta el día de hoy. Asimismo, se explican los diversos regímenes políticos y administrativos bajo los cuales se ha regulado la capital y se analiza la reforma política del Distrito Federal. Palabras clave: Ciudad de México; Jefe de Gobierno; AsambleaLegislativa; Tribunal Superior de Justicia.ResumoNeste artigo se analisa a trajetória histórica e jurídica da Cidade do México, desde sua fundação como México-Tenochtitlán até hoje. Assim também, se explicam os diversos regímenes políticos e administrativos que tem regulado a capital e se analisa o ultima reforma política do Distrito Federal.Palavras chave: Cidade do México; Chefe de Governo; Assembleia Legislativa; Tribunal Superior de Justiça.AbstractThis article discusses the historical and legal regime of Mexico City from its establishment as Mexico-Tenochtitlan until today. It also explains plenty of political and administrative regimes under which has been regulated the Capital and analyzes the political reform of Mexico City, Mexico.Keywords: Mexico City; Head of government; Legislative Assembly; Court of Justice.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-56
Author(s):  
A. Tena ◽  
A. Liga ◽  
A. Pérez ◽  
F. González

Proposal for improved mixes to produce concrete masonry units with commonly used aggregates available in the Valley of MexicoABSTRACTIn this paper, a proposal is done to update the masonry index compressive strength design value f*m for solid concrete masonry units for the masonry guidelines of Mexico´s Federal District Code (NTCM-2004). Solid units were made by taking into account the characteristics of the most commonly used raw materials available in the Valley of Mexico to fabricate such units in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City. Different tests were conducted for both raw materials and the obtained concrete units. Based upon test results, it is illustrated why it is much better to design masonry structures based upon the experimental data of the units to be used at the construction site rather than using index values proposed in building codes.Keywords: masonry; concrete masonry units; compressive strength.Propuesta de mejora de mezclas para producir piezas de mampostería de concreto empleando materiales comúnmente disponibles en el Valle de MéxicoRESUMENSe presenta un estudio donde se hace una propuesta para actualizar los valores índices de la resistencia a la compresión de mamposterías (f*m) elaboradas con piezas de concreto especificados en las normas de mampostería vigentes en el Distrito Federal. Se realizó un estudio de mercado, donde se tomaron en cuenta las características de los materiales comúnmente utilizados en la actualidad en el Valle de México para la fabricación de piezas de concreto sólidas, incluyendo los resultados de distintas pruebas de laboratorio realizadas a la materia prima. Con base en estos resultados, se ilustran las ventajas de diseñar a la mampostería con base experimental en lugar de utilizar los valores indicativos que se ofrecen en las normas de mampostería.Palabras clave: mampostería; piezas de concreto; resistencia a la compresión. Proposta de melhoria de traços para produzir blocos de alvenaria de concreto utilizando materiais comumente disponíveis no Vale do México RESUMOApresenta-se um estudo onde se propõe uma atualização dos valores do índice de resistência à compressão da alvenaria (f*m) elaborados com blocos de concreto especificados nas normas de alvenaria em vigor no Distrito Federal. Foi realizado um estudo de mercado, que levou em conta as características dos materiais comumente utilizados atualmente no Vale do México para a fabricação de blocos de concreto sólidos, incluindo os resultados de vários testes de laboratório nas matérias-primas disponíveis. Com base nestes resultados, são apresentadas as vantagens de projetar a alvenaria com base experimental em lugar de usar os valores indicativos oferecidos nas normas de alvenaria.Palavras chave: alvenaria; blocos de concreto; resistência à compressão.


Author(s):  
J. Phillip Thompson

This article examines the political aspect of urban planning. It discusses Robert Beauregard's opinion that planning should not reject modernism entirely or unconditionally embrace postmodernism, and that planners should instead maintain a focus on the city and the built environment as a way of retaining relevancy and coherence, and should maintain modernism's commitment to political reform and to planning's meditative role within the state, labor, and capital. The article suggests that planners should also advocate utopian social justice visions for cities which are not so far-fetched as to be unrealizable so that planning can then attach itself to widespread values such as democracy, the common good, or equality.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Laura Maria Silva Araújo Alves

<p>O objetivo deste artigo é trazer a lume a política de caridade, assistência e proteção à infância desvalida em Belém do Pará, do período que se estende do Império à República. No século XIX, a infância deveria ser assistida na capital do Pará em decorrência da política idealizada e implementada pela elite paraense. Assim, a infância que precisava ser assistida era designada de “órfã” e “exposta”. A primeira, dizia respeito, também, à criança que tinha perdido um dos pais, e a segunda, chamada, também, “enjeitada” ou “desvalida”, correspondia à criança que alguém não quis cuidar ou receber. Este artigo está divido em três partes. Na primeira, situo a cidade de Belém do Pará, em termos políticos, econômicos e sociais, no cenário do Brasil República, em interface com a infância. Na segunda parte, destaco as políticas assistenciais e filantrópicas no atendimento à infância no Pará e o ideário higienista. E, por fim, na terceira, trago à cena algumas instituições que foram criadas em Belém do Pará, no período do Império à República, para abrigar a criança órfã e desvalida.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The objective of this article is to bring to light the charity, assistance and protection policy for disfavored childhood in Belém-PA, from the period of the Empire to the Brazilian Republic. In the 19th century, children should be assisted in the capital of the state of  Pará as a result of the political idealization implemented by this state’s elite. Therefore, the ones who needed to be assisted were designated as “orphans” or “exposed”. The former ones, not exclusively, were the children who had lost one of their parents; the latter ones, also referred to as “rejected” or “disfavored”, corresponded to the children none would look after or welcome. This article is divided into three parts. In the first, the city of  Belém is situated in political, economic and social terms, interfaced with childhood, in the scenario of the Brazilian Republic. In the second, the assistance and philanthropic policies for childhood care, as well as the hygienist ideas, are highlighted. Finally, institutions created to shelter orphan and disfavored children in Belém, from the period of the Empire to the Republic, are brought to centre stage.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Grão Pará. Childhood. Disfavored Children. Hygienism. Welfarism. Philantropy.</p>


Author(s):  
Juan Reyes del Campillo Lona

This paper analyzes the stages of the 2006 election in Mexico City and examines the social conflict that polarized the political figures as well as the electorate. It also talks about the selection process of the candidates, particularly those of the ruling party, as well as the campaigns and their impact on the public opinion polls and, finally, it analyzes the final results. The election showed an evident division or tension line among the electorate that entails a strong social and ideological content.


Author(s):  
Walter Armbrust

This chapter discusses the material frame of Tahrir Square. As a space, it has been shaped by the political-economic policies of the past four decades, which essentially turned it into an antihuman space, nominally suitable only as a “nonplace” that people passed through. A liberalized economy under the umbrella of a state that systematically redistributed income upward shaped demands for “bread, freedom, and social justice” as surely as it walled off Bulaq from communication with its urban surroundings, segregated Garden City to protect the imperial agents of the “Washington consensus,” and prepared downtown for private redevelopment. The causes of the revolution were inscribed in the urban fabric of its primary theater. It should be emphasized that the revolution-era character of Tahrir Square is incomprehensible without linking it to the growth of the formal parts of the expanding city, specifically the suburbs and their gated communities. But it is equally incomprehensible without similarly linking it to the even more significant growth of the informal parts of the city, and indeed the more general character of informality in many spheres of life, most significantly labor, which was systematically made precarious by the same design that poured resources into the new cities and slated Bulaq for extinction. However, the quotidian antihuman Tahrir Square depicted in the chapter has greater depth as a performance space than one might think.


Author(s):  
Norma Del Río

This chapter examines new paradigms of civic participation among Mexico City's youth. In recent years, international human rights organizations have stressed the need for participative democratic change in Mexico City. In response, the Federal District's left-wing administration has enacted a series of laws, including the Federal District Act for the Rights of Boys, Girls and Adolescents and the Act for the Federal District's Youth in 2000, a law to foster citizen participation in 2004, and the act for the prevention and eradication of discrimination in 2006. However, a gap still exists between the legal sphere and the implementation of social policies that manage and provide democratic spaces for the real practice of citizenship. This chapter discusses the demographics of youth activists in Mexico City as well as their educational trajectories, families, organizations they are involved in, social identities, motivations for engagement, social awareness, and political ideas.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Krauss

This article examines the tension in Hannah Arendt’s thought between the creativity of political action and the worldlessness of labour in light of fieldwork with feminist activists in Mexico City. Drawing from my ethnographic research, I explore how labour and action are knitted together in the feminist practice of accompanying women who seek safe abortion in the city. Bringing Arendt’s thought into dialogue with anthropologies of illness experience as well as the reflections of my interlocutors in the field, I shift from an approach to the situation of abortion as a decision-making event, to ask other questions about autonomy and dependency, freedom and necessity, mortality and political life. I argue that what is interesting about Arendt’s conceptualisation of the labouring body is not that she separates ‘bare life’ from the political sphere of ‘men’, but rather that it alerts us to the uncertain way our life is implicated with others. In conclusion, I argue that feminist accompaniment networks foster an ephemeral relation of care between activists and women in situations of abortion, one that invites us to re-imagine the temporality of political action and to ask, again, what it is to make a new world versus make this world livable.


2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-366
Author(s):  
Óscar Cruz González ◽  
Diana Guillén

El artículo analiza el proceso organizativo y de movilización que, teniendo como centro la disputa por los panteones vecinales, se desarrolló en la ciudad de México entre 2001 y 2007. De acuerdo con la normatividad en ese entonces vigente, el control sobre los panteones vecinales correspondía a los pueblos originarios de la ciudad, por lo que las iniciativas para traspasar su manejo a la esfera estatal fueron de inmediato interpretadas como una pérdida de derechos comunales y enfrentadas a través de acciones contenciosas acompañadas de recursos legales. Enmarcado en el supuesto de que es posible construir ejercicios ciudadanos alternos a las formas de participación/representación surgidas de las urnas, el texto documenta tales respuestas e interpreta la emergencia de la Unión de Pueblos, Barrios y Colonias del Distrito Federal, upbcdf, como un actor colectivo con capacidad para incidir en la esfera pública. This article analyzes the organization and mobilization process that centered on the dispute for the community cemeteries in Mexico City between 2001 and 2007. According to the regulations of the time, control of these cemeteries was held by the native communities of the city, which is why initiatives to grant their management to the State were immediately seen as a loss of communal rights for indigenous people and were met with contentious actions accompanied with legal recourse. Based on the assumption that it is possible to build citizen actions as alternatives to forms of participation/representation that arise from ballots, this article documents such responses and interprets the emergence of the Union of Native Communities, Neighborhoods, and Districts of Mexico City (Unión de Pueblos, Barrios y Colonias del Distrito Federal, upbcdf), as a collective actor with the capacity to impact the public sphere.


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