scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of (Sorghum bicolor L.) on Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Growth Characters

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Y. Babiker ◽  
Elnasri M. Mutwali
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
P Content ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Growth Characters

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of sorghum residue on germination and some growth characters of radish. The experiment comprised of four treatments where the soil was incorporated with sorghum residue powder at 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5%( w/w) for treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively, the control was free of sorghum residue. Results indicated that an increase was observed at low concentration of sorghum residue in germination, growth characters, but a decrease was detected in chlorophyll content and some elements (Na,Ca, K, P, ) content in radish incorporated with sorghum residue.

scholarly journals Espécies vegetais para cobertura do solo: influência sobre plantas daninhas e a produtividade do algodoeiro em sistema plantio direto

Revista CERES ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Cunha de Barcellos Ferreira ◽  
Fernando Mendes Lamas
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Avena Strigosa ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a produção, a persistência e os efeitos de coberturas vegetais sobre as plantas daninhas e a produtividade do algodoeiro em sistema plantio direto. Os tratamentos consistiram das espécies de cobertura: milheto (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown), Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain & Evrard, sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), capim-pé-de-galinha (Eleusine coracana L. Gaerth), Crotalaria juncea L., Crotalaria spectabilis Roth, aveia-preta (Avena strigosa Schreb.), nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L.), P. glaucum + C. juncea, P. glaucum + C. spectabilis, B. ruziziensis + C. juncea, B. ruziziensis + C. spectabilis, S. bicolor + C. juncea, S. bicolor + C. spectabilis, E. coracana + C. juncea, E. coracana + C. spectabilis, A. strigosa + R. sativus, P. glaucum + R. sativus e pousio. As espécies foram semeadas no final do verão, após a colheita de soja, e o algodoeiro BRS 269-Buriti, nove meses após. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. As espécies B. ruziziensis, B. ruziziensis + C. juncea, B. ruziziensis + C. spectabilis e P. glaucum + R. sativus produziram mais de 6,8 t ha-1 de biomassa seca. A palhada produzida pela B. ruziziensis garantiu boa cobertura do solo durante o ciclo do algodoeiro. A biomassa seca de B. ruziziensis, B. ruziziensis + C. juncea e B. ruziziensis + C. spectabilis reduziu a infestação de plantas daninhas até a época de semeadura do algodão e durante os estádios iniciais de seu desenvolvimento. Palhas de R. sativus e A. strigosa, solteiras e consorciadas, interferiram negativamente na produtividade do algodoeiro.

scholarly journals EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Water Treatments

EFECTO ALEPOPÁTICO DE TRES EXTRACTOS VEGETALES SOBRE EL DESARROLLO DE RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) EN EL PERÚ ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF THREE PLANTS EXTRACTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS (BRASSICACEAE) IN PERÚ Hildebrando Ayala & Rafael La Rosa DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2007.0007/ RESUMEN El uso de plantas con actividad alelopática en la actualidad resulta de gran importancia  porque nos permite el desarrollo de una agricultura rentable y no contaminante del medio ambiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la acción de extractos acuosos de ajo (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), palta (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) y ruda (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) sobre el desarrollo de la hortaliza rabanito (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). Los extractos se prepararon a partir de bulbos de A. sativum, semilla de P. americana y hojas y flores de R. graveolens a los cuales triturados se le adiciona agua hervida. Los tratamientos fueron extractos puros al (20% p/v). El diseño fue completamente aleatorizado con 4 repeticiones. Se determino peso fresco (g), peso seco (g), longitud de raíz (cm), longitud área (cm) y área foliar(cm2). Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA y Test de Tukey para la comparación de medias. Los resultados alcanzados muestran de que no existe efectos significativos en comparación con el control, del potencial alelopático de los extractos acuosos evaluados bajo condiciones controladas. Palabras claves: Extractos acuosos, semillas, hojas, flores, bulbos, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens. ABSTRACT The use of plants with allelopathic activity nowadays is very important because it allows us to develop a profitable agriculture and non-polluting the environment. The objective of this work was to study the action of aqueous extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L, Liliaceae), avocado (Persea americana Mill, Lauraceae) and rough (Ruta graveolens L, Rutaceae) on the development of vegetable radish (Raphanus sativus L, Brassicaceae). The extracts were prepared from A. sativum bulbs, P. americana seeds and R. graveolens leaves and flowers to which he adds crushed boiled water. Treatments were the pure extracts (20% w / v). The design was completely randomized with 4 repetitions. It was found fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), root length (cm) long area (cm) and leaf area (cm2 ). The data was analyzed with Anova and Tukey test for the comparison of averages. The results show that there is no significant effects compared to the control of allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts tested under controlled conditions. Keywords: Aqueous extracts, seed, leaves, flowers, bulbs, Allium sativum, Persea americana, Ruta graveolens.

scholarly journals Toxic affects of chromium on some quality parameters of Sorghum bicolor (L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweety Sihag ◽  
U. N. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of varying Cr (VI) levels [0.0–4.0 mg Cr (VI) kg-1 soil in the form of potassium dichromate] on the some quality parameters of sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.). Quality parameters was measured in terms of protein content, chlorophyll content, and IVDMD ( In vitro dry matter digestibility) content at different growth stages, i.e. 35 DAS, 70 DAS and 90 DAS (Days after sowing) that were adversely affected with an increase in Cr (VI) levels from 0.0 to 4.0 mg Cr (VI) kg-1 soil. The decline in protein content 4.67 g/ kg dry weight at T4 was observed as compared to control (T1) ( 8.96 g/kg dry weight basis) at 35 DAS in leaves , Total chlorophyll content declined from 3.25 mg g-1 fresh weight (T1) to 2.40 mg g-1 fresh weight (T4) at 35 DAS and IVDMD content declined from 43.60 to 33.60 per cent dry weight basis with increment in chromium concentration. It is concluded that Cr (VI) at higher doses (4.0 mg Cr (VI) kg-1 soil) adversly affects the quality parameters of Forage sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) however, quality parameters are responsible for nutritive value of sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.).

scholarly journals Control of Invasive Plants by the Phytotoxicity Effect of Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Mateus L. O. Freitas ◽  
Letycia L. Letycia L. Ricardo ◽  
Patrícia da C. Zonetti ◽  
Terciliana F. F. de Carvalho ◽  
Ricardo Andreola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Production Flow ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Owing to an increasing demand for food, a constant agricultural production flow must be maintained. Further, for doing so, the use of pesticides is necessary. An alternative that results in less damage to the ecosystem and people themselves may be identified by studies on the allelopathic effect of weeds. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the allelopathic action of hexane, dichloromethane, butanol, and ethyl acetate fractions of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) on the initial growth of morning glory (Ipomoea grandifolia [Dammer] O’Donell) and slim amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus L.), which was verified by the percentage of germination, speed of germination, seedling length, and fresh and dry biomass weight. The experiments were conducted in an incubation chamber at 25 °C for 7 and 14 days for morning glory and slim amaranth, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replicates in Petri dishes. The data were evaluated by analysis of variance, and the averages between each treatment were compared using the Scott Knott test at a 5% significance level. The results indicated that the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions decreased the initial growth of morning glory and slim amaranth more, when compared with the effects of hexane and butanol.

scholarly journals Peranan rizobakteri dan fungi mikoriza arbuskular dalam proses fotosintesis dan produksi gula sorgum manis (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Role of rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in increasing photosynthesis process and sugar production of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedah RUPAEDAH ◽  
Iswandi ANAS ◽  
Dwi Andreas SANTOSA ◽  
Wahono SUMARYONO ◽  
Sri Wilarso BUDI
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

AbstractDual inoculation effects of rhizobacteria andAMF as well as the addition of chemical fertilizerson photosynthesis were studied by analyzingprocess of CO2 gas exchange, chlorophyll content,nutrient uptake, sugar content and growth of sweetsorghum. AMF inoculation as a single cultureincreased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration, phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar content, plantheight, shoot weight and mycorrhizal colonization.Interaction of AMF and rhizobacteria increasedsugar content of sweet sorghum stems andpotassium content of sweet sorghum leaves,whereas its interaction with chemical fertilizerssignificantly increased chlorophyll content, sugarcontent and mycorrhizal colonization of sorghumplant roots. Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizers increased sugar content, rootweight and mycorrhizal colonization. The use ofAMF solely or its interaction with rhizobacteriaand chemical fertilizers had a great potential inimproving photosynthesis process of sweetsorghum. The process is associated with increasingcrop productivity, such as sugar content ofsorghum which is potential as a source ofrenewable energy.AbstrakPengaruh inokulasi ganda rizobakteri danFMA dengan penambahan pupuk kimia dipelajaridengan cara menganalisis proses pertukaran gas CO2, kandungan klorofil, kandungan hara dan gula,pertumbuhan dan produktivitas sorgum manis.Inokulasi FMA sebagai kultur tunggal dapatmeningkatkan asimilasi karbon, konduktansistomata, konsentrasi CO2 interselular, kandunganfosfor, kandungan klorofil, kandungan gula, tinggitanaman, berat batang dan derajat kolonisasimikoriza. Interaksi antara rizobakteri dan FMAdapat meningkatkan kandungan gula batang dankalium daun sorgum manis, sedangkan interaksinyadengan pupuk kimia dapat meningkatkan kandunganklorofil dan gula serta derajat kolonisasimikoriza pada perakaran sorgum manis. Sementaraitu, interaksi FMA, rizobakteri dan pupuk kimiadapat meningkatkan kandungan gula batang, beratakar dan derajat kolonisasi mikoriza pada perakaransorgum manis. Penggunaan FMA baik sendirimaupun interaksinya dengan rizobakteri dan pupukkimia memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkanproses fotosintesis sorgum manis. Proses tersebutberkaitan dengan peningkatan produktivitas sorgummanis dalam hal ini kandungan gula sorgum manisyang berpotensi sebagai sumber energi terbarukan.

PERÍODO ANTERIOR À INTERFERÊNCIA DE PLANTAS DANINHAS EM SORGO GRANÍFERO E FORRAGEIRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
GUILHERME MATOS MARTINS DINIZ ◽  
RENATA OLIVEIRA BATISTA ◽  
IRAN DIAS BORGES ◽  
HELLEN MARTINS SILVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Central Lines ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Competition For Light ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

RESUMO – Plantas daninhas promovem perdas na produtividade do sorgo (Sorghum bicolor) devido à competição por luz, nutrientes e água por influencia alelopática, justificando o estudo da competição e interferência na cultura. O objetivo com este trabalho foi determinar o período anterior a interferência em variedades de sorgo pela comunidade de plantas daninhas. A unidade experimental consistiu de que quatro linhas, sendo as duas linhas centrais a área útil de cada parcela. Os tratamentos foram compostos de duas cultivares de sorgo (BR 304 granífero e BRS 610 forrageiro) e sete épocas de início da supressão de plantas daninhas (0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 e 48 dias após a emergência) com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas as características: altura da planta, número de plantas por hectare, pesos verde e seco por hectare. Conclui-se que o sorgo granífero BR304 possui um período de convivência com plantas daninhas de até 8 dias após a emergência, enquanto na cultivar de sorgo forrageiro BRS 610 esse período deverá ser de até 16 dias após a emergência.Palavras-chave: Competição, cultivares, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.ABSTRACT - Weeds promote losses in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) grain production due to competition for light, nutrients and water and also due to the allelopathic effect, which justify the study of the competition and weed interference in this crop. The objective of this study was to determine the period that precedes the interference of the weed community on sorghum varieties. The experimental unit consisted of four lines, being the two central lines of each plot. The treatments consisted of two sorghum cultivars (BR 304 grain and BRS 610 forage) and seven times for the beginning of weed suppression (0, 8, 16, 24, 31, 40 and 48 days after emergence), with four replications. Plant height, number of plants per hectare and fresh and dry weight per hectare were assessed. The results showed that the grain sorghum BR 304 has a period of coexistence with weeds up to 8 days after emergence, and for the forage sorghum BRS 610 the period is up to 16 days after emergence.Keywords: Competition, cultivars, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.

scholarly journals Red anthocyanins contents and the relationships with phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, soluble sugar and chlorophyll contents in carmine radish (Raphanus sativus L.) 

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenchao Zhang ◽  
Chunqing Sun ◽  
Yuemei Yao ◽  
Zhongliang Mao ◽  
Guosheng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L

Red anthocyanins from Carmine radish is rich both in root flesh and peel and it is relatively simple and efficient to extract these compounds. The accumulation, distribution and content of anthocyanins in root are related to phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, soluble sugar and chlorophyll contents. The results showed that anthocyanins were synthesized at the first day of seed germination and were most abundant in the top of hypocotyls. The content of anthocyanins was higher in the root peel than in flesh and root apex, and in aboveground parts compared with underground sections. The anthocyanins contents in cotyledon grown under light and dark and hypocotyls grown in the dark increased initially and then reduced, and in roots grown under light was higher than in those grown in the dark. Chlorophyll content in leaves fluctuated but increased overall, whereas it was almost unchanged in the petioles. The correlations between anthocyanins content and PAL activity, soluble sugar and chlorophyll contents in different treatments showed positive by Day 4 then negative. These results are helpful to understand the mechanism of anthocyanins biosynthesis in carmine radish.  

scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of goosefoot on germination and early stage growth of triticale and radish

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-128
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Lipniak ◽  
Angelika Kliszcz
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Radish Seedlings

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts from Chenopodium album L. on germination and early stages of triticale grains (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus) and radish seeds (Raphanus sativus L.). Germination indexes, fresh and dry mass, water content and electrolyte leakage were measured. Studies revealed the different germination capacity of triticale grains and radish seeds, where increased concentrations of allelopathins in aqueous C. album extracts significantly inhibited seedling growth for both species. The extracts had an inhibitory effect on the growth of seedling fresh mass. An increase in dry mass of radish seedlings was demonstrated for each of the extracts and, for triticale seedlings, only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%. Water content in triticale and radish seedlings varied depending on the concentration of allelopathins in the extract. With increasing concentrations of C. album extract, regardless of seedling type, a statistically significant increase in electrolyte leakage was observed.

scholarly journals Effects of sorghum (sorghum bicolor L.) root exudates on the cell cycle of the bean plant (phaseolus vulgaris L.) root

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Maria Gattás Hallak ◽  
Lisete Chamma Davide ◽  
Itamar Ferreira Souza
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Acetic Acid Extraction ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Two experiments were conducted to test the allelopathic effect of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) root exudates on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cell division. Research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Wistock Agricultural Research Institute of Minas Gerais State (EPAMIG) and in a laboratory of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA). Sorghum variety BR-601 and bean variety Carioca MG were used. The exudate, called sorgoleone (SGL), was obtained by methylene chloride and acetic acid extraction from sorghum roots seven days after sowing on Petri dishes, and refrigerated until use. Solutions of 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mM were prepared using Johanson solution as the SGL solvent. Seven-day-old bean seedlings grown in vermiculite in a greenhouse were transplanted to the solution. Seven days after transplantation, the beans did not show any sign of phytotoxicity; however, cytogenetic observations showed that SGL reduced the number of cells in prophase, metaphase, and anaphase stages. Colchicine effects were observed among cells in metaphase on the third and fifth days after treatments and varied with SGL concentrations. By the seventh day, the colchicine effects were inversely proportional to concentration, which varied from 34.3% for 0.01 mM to 6.6% for 0.15 mM. SGL acts as a mitotic inhibitor. It probably depolymerizes the microtubular proteins and induces the formation of colchicine metaphases causing polyploid nuclei. A largest period of SGL treatment also induced chromosome breaks and bridge formation in anaphase and telophase. Although SGL cannot be used as a herbicide for bean cultures, its allelochemical effects on other cultures are the factors that will define the use of sorghum as a natural herbicide.

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