scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of occupational Injuries among welders in small scale metal workshops in Wakiso District, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Brian Itiakorit ◽  
Esther Bayiga Zziwa ◽  
Jimmy Osuret
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
And Control

Background: Injuries are a public health concern accounting for 2.78 million fatalities globally. Welders are exposed to a broad range of injuries (e.g. cuts, burns, eye injuries, skin irritations, and musculoskeletal disorders) and yet, there is paucity of information on context specific determinants to inform injury prevention and control. This study determined the factors associated with occupational injuries among welders in Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among welders in Wakiso District, Uganda. Pretested and translated questionnaires were used to collect data from 327 randomly selected respondents using face to face interviews. 2 parishes were purposively selected, and 20 metal workshops were systematically selected in each parish. Descriptive statistics and adjusted odds ratios were computed Results: A high prevalence 287 (87.8%) of self-reported occupational injuries was found among welding workers with cuts/burns 242 (84.3%) and eye injuries 180 (62.7%) reported as the most sustained injuries. Occupational injuries were associated with being a causal labourer with informal training (AOR 4.70 (2.03-10.84)) and working for longer hours (AOR 2.63 (1.26-5.51)). Those with more work experience were less likely to be involved in occupational injuries (AOR 0.30 (0.11-0.84)). Conclusions: The prevalence of occupational injuries among small-scale welding workers was high and this was associated with learning their trade at work and working for longer hours. Mitigation measures that focus on safety at workplace, advocating for capacity training, and enforcement of workplace regulations should be instituted.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Technicians of Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Seyyedeh Haniyeh Mousavibaghi ◽  
◽  
Kamran Ezzati ◽  
Mahmood Abedinzade ◽  
Sadegh MoshtaghiKoojel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Check Method ◽  
One Year

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the prevalent occupational injuries and disabilities in developing countries. Objectives: The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among surgery technicians. Materials & Methods: samples (n=179) of this analytical and cross-sectional study were selected using a census method among the surgical technicians who had at least one year of work experience. The disorders of different parts of their bodies were evaluated by Nordic questionnaire, and the risk of catching the musculoskeletal disorders was assessed using quick exposure check method. Statistical analyses were done in SPSS V. 16. Results: According to the Nordic questionnaire, the most prevalent work-related disorders in the past year were found in the back (71.5%), neck (57%), wrist (50.8%), and shoulder (49.7%) of the study subjects. The quick exposure check results showed that the level of exposure to musculoskeletal risks was in action level one for 32.4% of the surgery technicians, and action level three for 33% of them. This study showed associations between the prevalence of work-related symptoms in different body regions and some individual and occupational characteristics (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) is high among surgical technicians and lumbar disorders are the most common types. Risk factors for MSDs include undesirable physical posture, weight, time spent for shifting loads, excessive force applied by one or both hands at work, working speed, and staff stress levels. among near half of the studied surgical technicians, there were high and very high risks for injury, indicating the vulnerable condition and environment of this job.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Northern China: a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Xu ◽  
Han Bao ◽  
Zixuan Tian ◽  
Hao Zhu ◽  
Lige Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Drinker ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Hypertension has always been a worldwide health concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension among adult residents of northern China, where people usually have a high-fat, high-salt diet and heavy alcohol consumption.Methods: Through the Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for High Risk Groups of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of northern China, we collected data of 70,380 residents, from September 2015 to June 2017. We assessed the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the total population and subpopulations.Results: Among participants, only 13.4% had optimal blood pressure levels. About 55.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 55.3%–56.1%) of the participants had hypertension. The national standardized and the regional standardized prevalence rate was 49.4% and 55.4%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that old age, male, Han, living in rural, farmer, current drinker, not married, diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia were associated with hypertension. In addition, the awareness, treatment, control and control under treatment rate of hypertension were 52.8% (95% CI: 52.3%–53.3%), 43.3% (95% CI: 42.8%–43.8%), 8.6% (95% CI: 8.3%–8.9%) and 19.8% (95% CI: 19.2%–20.4%), respectively. And the 70,380 population subgroups varied with respect to hypertension prevalence (range 32.6%-73.4%), awareness (35.1%-76.2%), treatment (24.9%-64.6%), control (3.9%-20.4%), and control under treatment (11.2%-31.6%). Controlled hypertension were less common in those younger age, Mongol, not married, farmer and current drinker. Conclusion: Most patients of hypertension are going undetected and uncontrolled in northern China. Even if patients with hypertension are under treatment, hypertension can remain inadequately controlled.

scholarly journals Malaria prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and practice among febrile patients attending Chagni health center, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogale Belay ◽  
Tegenu Gelana ◽  
Araya Gebresilassie
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Ethiopia has achieved considerable progresses in the prevention and control of malaria in the past decades; hitherto it is a formidable health concern and socio-economic impediment. This study aimed at assessing the magnitude, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria among febrile patients attending Chagni health center, northwest Ethiopia. Methods Health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of malaria and KAP towards malaria among febrile patients at Chagni health center in Chagni Town during September 2017 to February 2018. In order to determine the magnitude of malaria, finger prick blood samples were collected and thick and thin smears were prepared and microscopically examined for the presence of malaria parasites. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was also applied to assess KAP of suspected malaria patients, attending the health center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results Prevalence of malaria among febrile patients, who visited the sampled health facility, was 7.3%. Of these, Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infections accounted for 55, 44.3 and 0.7% of the cases, respectively. This study also revealed that 97% of the respondents had ever heard about malaria and recognized it as a serious health problem. Mosquito bite was identified as the main malaria transmission. Taking drug (86.3%), use of mosquito nets (73.3%), drain stagnated water (68%), and house spay with insecticides (66%) were mentioned as the main malaria prevention methods. Mosquito net coverage and utilizations in the prior night were 98 and 75%, respectively. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage was 99%, of which 77.5% of study participants’ houses have been sprayed in the last 6 months. Conclusions The current study revealed that prevalence of malaria among febrile illnesses in the study area was relatively low (7.3%) with a high proportion of P. falciparum. Besides, participants had adequate knowledge, encouraging attitudes, and good practices about prevention and control of malaria. However, some misconceptions on malaria disease, its transmission, and prevention have been noted that actually require due attention by the concerned stakeholders. The findings of this study could be used as important inputs for the implementation of effective malaria prevention and control methods, including community health education programs, and scaling up coverage of evidence-based interventions.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of occupational injuries in Ethiopian hotel industry in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212098527
Author(s):  
Roza Abune ◽  
Hailu Merga ◽  
Embialle Mengiste
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: An occupational injury is a global health issue, and in hotel industries, little is known about it. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the epidemiology of occupational injuries in international brand hotels. Method: An institutional cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 workers using a systematic random sampling method. Using EpiData and SPSS, respectively, data were entered and analyzed. The final results were explained and presented with the adjusted odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval, and the results of the qualitative data were triangulated with quantitative data. Results: Of the 330 study participants, 125 (37.9%; 95% confidence interval (32.7%, 43.8%)) reported having sustained an occupational injury. The study showed those who had four or less family members (adjusted odds ratio: 0.484, 95% confidence interval (0.286, 0.818)), those who had low educational background (adjusted odds ratio: 1.466, 95% confidence interval (1.098, 1.959)), those who had 2 years or less work experience (adjusted odds ratio: 1.065, 95% confidence interval (1.023, 1.108)), those who were working in shifts (adjusted odds ratio: 2.559, 95% confidence interval (1.197, 5.474)), and those who had sleep disturbance (adjusted odds ratio: 1.797, 95% confidence interval (1.025, 3.151)) were factors significantly associated with occupational injury. Conclusion: The study found that the prevalence rate was very high. Among the variables included in the analysis, having four or less family sizes, low educational background, having work experience of 2 years or less, working in shifts, and having sleep disorders/problems were statistically significant. It is therefore recommended that health and safety training and reinforcement be provided to increase awareness and understand the risk factors at the workplace.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Northern China: a Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Xu ◽  
Han Bao ◽  
Zixuan Tian ◽  
Hao Zhu ◽  
Lige Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Drinker ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Hypertension has always been a worldwide health concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension among adult residents of northern China, where people usually have a high-fat, high-salt diet and heavy alcohol consumption.Methods: Through the Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for High Risk Groups of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of northern China, we collected data of 70,380 residents, from September 2015 to June 2017. We assessed the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the total population and subpopulations.Results: Among participants, only 13.4% had optimal blood pressure levels. About 55.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 55.3%–56.1%) of the participants had hypertension. The national standardized and the regional standardized prevalence rate was 49.4% and 55.4%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that old age, male, Han, living in rural, farmer, current drinker, not married, diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia were associated with hypertension. In addition, the awareness, treatment, control and control under treatment rate of hypertension were 52.8% (95% CI: 52.3%–53.3%), 43.3% (95% CI: 42.8%–43.8%), 8.6% (95% CI: 8.3%–8.9%) and 19.8% (95% CI: 19.2%–20.4%), respectively. And the 70,380 population subgroups varied with respect to hypertension prevalence (range 32.6%-73.4%), awareness (35.1%-76.2%), treatment (24.9%-64.6%), control (3.9%-20.4%), and control under treatment (11.2%-31.6%). Controlled hypertension were less common in those younger age, Mongol, not married, farmer and current drinker. Conclusion: Most patients of hypertension are going undetected and uncontrolled in northern China. Even if patients with hypertension are under treatment, hypertension can remain inadequately controlled.

scholarly journals Public health concern on occupational hazards among pathologists and microbiologists in Mysuru district, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
D. Sunil Kumar ◽  
G. Anup ◽  
Praveen Kulkarni ◽  
Nayana Shabadi ◽  
M. R. Narayana Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Highly qualified and trained medical specialists such as Pathologists and Microbiologists who need to work at the microscope for long hours are at a high risk of musculoskeletal and ophthalmic disorders. This study is an attempt to identify such potential occupational hazards with the objectives to estimate the magnitude of occupational hazards among Pathologists and Microbiologists in Mysuru, and to assess the factors influencing these hazards among the study participants.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the Pathologists and Microbiologists of Mysuru district over a period of six months, a total of 45 study participants were included. An online self-administered questionnaire was sent to the study participants through e-mail and asked to fill and submit online, keeping complete confidentiality, and with informed consent. The results were analysed using appropriate statistical methods.Results: Pathologists and Microbiologists in almost equal proportions consented and took part in the study. 67% of them reported work related musculoskeletal problems, and 42% had visual refractive errors, mostly myopia. 9% of them reported to have experienced occupational injuries, mostly needle-stick injuries. None of them reported to smoke. Majority were happy with the work atmosphere and environmental conditions. Most of them were positive about the work-related situation in the coming years.Conclusions: This study found that more than half of the pathologists and microbiologists are exposed to occupational hazards and have suffered musculoskeletal, ophthalmic morbidities and had injuries, but none of which were life-threatening. Most of the risk factors are avoidable through ergonomic equipment and training.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Northern China: a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Xi ◽  
Xiaoqian Xu ◽  
Zixuan Tian ◽  
Liying Qiao ◽  
Han Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ◽  
And Control

Abstract Aims Hypertension has always been a worldwide health concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension among adult residents of northern China, where people usually have a high-fat, high-salt diet and heavy alcohol consumption. Methods Through the Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for High Risk Groups of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of northern China, we collected data of 70,380 residents and assessed the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the total population and subpopulations. Results Among participants, only 13.9% (11.7% of men and 15.4% of women) had optimal BP levels. 55.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 55.3–56.1%) of the participants had hypertension. A total 52.8% (52.3–53.3%) of patients with hypertension were aware of their diagnosis and 43.3% (42.8–43.8%) were taking antihypertensive medications. Only 8.6% (8.3–8.9%) of patients with hypertension had their BP under control, and 19.8% (19.2–20.4%) of those who were treated had their BP under control. The standardized rates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and control under treatment were 49.4% (49.0–49.8%), 45.4% (44.9–45.9%), 35.7% (35.2%–36.2), 7.3% (7.0–7.6%), and 20.8% (20.2–21.4%), respectively. Conclusion Hypertension is highly prevalent in northern China, with inadequate awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Even if patients with hypertension are under treatment, hypertension can remain inadequately controlled.

scholarly journals Malaria Prevalence and Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Malaria among Febrile Patients Attending Chagni Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogale Belay ◽  
Tegenu Gelana ◽  
Araya Gebresilassie
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Ethiopia has achieved remarkable progresses in the prevention and control of malaria in the past decades, yet it is a formidable health concern and socio-economic impediment. This study aimed at assessing the magnitude and knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria among febrile patients attending Chagni health center, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: In the health facility based cross-sectional study, patients attending health center with suspicion of malaria symptoms and signs, were enlisted. To determine the magnitude of malaria, finger prick blood samples were collected from malaria suspected patients visiting health center between September 2017 and February 2018. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was also applied to assess KAP of suspected malaria patients attending the health center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Prevalence of malaria among febrile patients attending at the sampled health facility was 7.3%. Of these, Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection accounted for 55, 44.3 and 0.7% of the cases, respectively. This study also revealed that 97% of the respondents had ever heard about malaria and recognized it as a serious health problem. Mosquito bite was identified as the main malaria transmission. Taking drug (86.3%), use of mosquito nets (73.3%), drain stagnated water (68%), and house spay with insecticides (66%) were mentioned as the main malaria prevention methods. Mosquito net coverage and its utilization in the previous night were 98% and 75%, respectively. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage was 99%, of which 77.5% of houses of participants were get sprayed in the last six months. Conclusions: The current study revealed that prevalence of malaria among febrile illnesses in the study area was relatively low (7.3%) with a high proportion of P. falciparum. Besides, participants had adequate knowledge, encouraging attitudes, and good practices about prevention and control of malaria. However, some misconceptions on malaria disease, its transmission, and prevention have been noted that actually require due attention by the concerned stakeholders. We believe that findings of this study would make inroads into the implementation effective malaria interventions in the area and beyond focusing on enhancing community awareness and scaling up coverage of evidence-based interventions.

scholarly journals An organization based cross-sectional study of occupational injuries among bridge construction workers in an urban area of Mumbai

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daljeet Kaur ◽  
Rushali Rajan lilare ◽  
Neeta Dilip Rathod ◽  
Bibhash Datta ◽  
Pradeep Kaswan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Bridge Construction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Of Affairs

Background: Occupational injuries are matter of consideration and purport to be raising cost directly like in illnesses and accidents, loss of employment, disability and loss of productivity and subsequently to families and Society. However, there is paucity of studies to elucidate the state of affairs in most of the part of India. The Present study dictates the prevalence of injury and associated factors among Bridge Construction workers in urban area of Mumbai. Objectives are (1) to study prevalence of injury among bridge construction workers, (2) to identify the factors related to such occupational injuries.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among bridge construction workers in urban area of Mumbai from August 2017 to December 2017. Sample size was 150 by convenient method sampling which were selected randomly.Results: The prevalence of injury among Bridge making was 25.7% in past 3 months. Factors like not using protective devices, smoking, tobacco chewing, lack of sleep, work experience were factors associated with suffering.Conclusions: In the study dictating construction workers health and safety in an urban area of Mumbai, where higher prevalence of injury (25.7%) reported in bridge workers in an urban area of Mumbai. If intense mediation are not established then work absenteeism, drooping of work output, occupation related ailments, disabilities and casualties  would remain in existence a major problem among construction workers .Therefore programmes to alleviation the load exhibited by construction related injuries should focus on work safety training, monitoring of health and substance abuse in work area.

scholarly journals Comparison of Ocular Trauma Between Normalized and The COVID-19 Epidemic Periods in China: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxin Zhang ◽  
Kang Feng ◽  
Mengyu Liao ◽  
Hua Yan
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trauma Society ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: To compare the feature of ocular trauma between normalized period and the COVID-19 epidemic period in China, to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control eye injuries in special times in future.Methods: This study is a multi-center cross-sectional study with 30 participated hospitals involving the China Ocular Trauma Society members. All hospitalized cases who visited the ophthalmology department in participated hospitals with eye injuries during the normalized period (2019) and the COVID-19 epidemic period (2020) were included in this study. Demographic characteristic of cases, date of injury, sites and types of injury were collected.Results: This study involved 13525 (61cases with both eyes) injured cases. There were 7269 (53.74%) eye-injured cases and 6256 (46.26%) eye-injured cases in 2019 and 2020 separately. Compared with 2019, the incidence of ocular trauma in retirees, housewives and unemployed increased with year-on-year of 4.96%, 102.67% and 11.64% among all occupations. In 2020, the incidence of eye injuries decreased in all injury sites except for an increase in home (30.29% year-on-year). The incidence of mechanical eye injuries decreased, while that of non-mechanical eye injuries (Chemical/Thermal/Radiation) increased (47.45% year-on-year). There were 255 (3.50%, 255/7269) and 376 (6.01%, 376/6256) non-mechanical injured cases in 2019 and 2020 (Pearson chi2 = 47.33, P < 0.001) separately.Conclusions: During the COVID-19 epidemic period, the incidence of eye injuries decreased. The prevention and control measures should be focused on the non-mechanical injuries, and the retirees, unemployed and housewives during public events period in future.

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