scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of biodegradable films of spine yam (Dioscorea rotundata), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
A. Villabona-Ortiz ◽  
C.N. Tejada-Tovar ◽  
R. Ortega-Toro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata

Enzyme‐assisted extraction of essential oils from Syzygium aromaticum

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
R. Amudan ◽  
D. V. Kamat ◽  
S. D. Kamat
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Zone Size ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Assisted Extraction

The essential oil of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) holds an important positionamongst widely used essential oils. A typical steam distillation processfor the extraction of clove oil provides a 10.1% yield. Recent studies involvedthe use of enzymes such as pectinase, amylase, lignocellulase, and cellulaseon the powder of clove buds, prior to extraction. The traditional methods ofphysical and chemical extraction are effective but may affect the structure,quality and yield of the phytochemicals extracted. In the current study,hence, enzymes specific for action on the cell wall have been used in the pretreatment prior to extraction, to enhance the quality and yield of the phytochemicalsextracted. The results indicated that all the enzymes, gave morethan 50% higher yield than control in terms of weight of extracted essentialoil. A mixture of the enzymes gave the highest yield of 17.82%. Gas chromatographyresults indicated that the essential oil extracted using amylase hada maximum eugenol content of 70%, in comparison with the eugenol content(62–68%) in the essential oils extracted using the rest of the enzymes.Antibacterial activity of all the extracts was studied on methicillin â€resistantStaphylococcus aureus  (MRSA). The essential oil extracted by using amylaseinhibitedMRSA, showed a zone size of 40 mm, whereas the essential oil extractedby using lignocellulase showed a zone size of 45 mm. The gas chromatogramindicated the maximum number of peaks in this extract, whichcould be producing a combined antibacterial effect on the organism. Thespecific gravity values of the essential oil extracted using lignocellulase andamylase was 1.051 and 1.062, respectively, whereas the control had a specificgravity of 1.015.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Hidroksi Propil Metil Selulosa Sebagai Polimer Mucoadhesiv Terhadap Sifat Fisik Patch Minyak Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum. L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Pramulani Mulya Lestari ◽  
Kori Yati
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Made In

ABSTRAK Minyak cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) secara tradisional digunakan untuk untuk mengatasi masalah gigi dan mulut, pengembangan bentuk sediaan patch untuk mempertahankan zat aktif pada area gingival dan mencegah wash-out oleh saliva, polimer HPMC yang bersifat mukoadhesif mampu mampu berikatan pada mukosa mulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan HPMC (hidroksi Propil Metil Selulosa)sebagai polimer mucoadhesiv terhadap karakteristik fisik sediaan patch minyak cengkeh. Minyak cengkeh dibuat dalam bentuk sediaan emulsi m/a, yang selanjutnya ditambahkan dalam basis gel dengan variasi polimer HPMC yaitu 1 %; 1,5 %; 2 % dan dikeringkan. Patch yang terbentuk dievaluasi bobot rata – rata, pH, ketebalan,  folding endurance, waktu tinggal dan swelling indeks. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ketiga formula memiliki  bobot rata- rata 21,33 – 29,63 mg  pada ukuran 2 x 1 cm, pH 6, mampu bertahan lebih dari 250 lipatan, dan waktu tinggal 24 – 25 menit. Berdasarkan pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan konsentrasi HPMC mempengaruhi sifat fisik patch yang dihasilkan. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi HPMC maka bobot, ketebalan, waktu tinggal dan indeks mengembang patch juga semakin meningkat, sedangkan tidak terjadi perubahan pH dan kekuatan lipat pada variasi konsentrasi polimer 1 % - 2 % yang digunakan. Key word : HPMC, minyak cengkeh, patch  ABSTRACT Clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum) has traditionally been used to overcome dental and oral problems, the development of patch dosage forms to maintain active substances in the gingival area and prevent wash-out by saliva, the mucoadhesive adhesive HPMC polymer capable of binding to the oral mucosa. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using HPMC (Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) as a mucoadhesiv polymer on the physical characteristics of clove oil patch preparations. Clove oil is made in the form of m / a emulsion, which is then added to a gel base with a variation of polymer HPMC that is 1%; 1.5%; 2% and dried. The patches formed are evaluated for average weight, pH, thickness, folding endurance, residence time and index swelling. The results of this study indicate that the three formulas have an average weight of 21.33 - 29.63 mg at a size of 2 x 1 cm, pH 6, able to withstand more than 250 folds, and a residence time of 24-25 minutes. Based on this study it can be concluded the concentration of HPMC affects the physical properties of the resulting patch. The higher the concentration of HPMC, the weight, thickness, residence time and index of the swell patch also increased, while there was no change in pH and folding strength at variations in the polymer concentration of 1% - 2% used. Key word: HPMC, clove oil, patch

scholarly journals Clove Oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Activity against Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris Biofilm on Technical Surfaces

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3334
Author(s):  
Alina Kunicka-Styczyńska ◽  
Agnieszka Tyfa ◽  
Dariusz Laskowski ◽  
Aleksandra Plucińska ◽  
Katarzyna Rajkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Alicyclobacillus Acidoterrestris ◽  
Agitated Culture ◽  
Clove Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Development

Acidotermophilic bacteria Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris is one of the main contaminants in the fruit industry forming biofilms which are difficult to remove from the production line by conventional methods. An alternative approach aims for the use of essential oils to prevent Alicyclobacillus biofilm development. The effect of clove essential oil on A. acidoterrestris biofilms on glass and polyvinyl chloride surfaces under static and agitated culture conditions was investigated by atomic force microscopy and the plate count method. The medium-flow and the type of technical surface significantly influenced A. acidoterrestris biofilm. The PVC was colonized in a greater extent comparing to glass. Clove essential oil in 0.05% (v/v) caused 25.1–65.0% reduction of biofilms on the technical surfaces along with substantial changes in their morphology by a decrease in the biofilm: height, surface roughness, and surface area difference. The oil also induced alteration in individual bacterial cells length and visible increase of their roughness. Clove essential oil seems to release EPS from biofilm and thus induce detachment of bacteria from the surface. Due to anti-A. acidoterrestris biofilm activity, the clove oil may be used in the juice industry to hinder a development of A. acidoterrestris biofilms on production surfaces.

Development of Clove Oil In Situ Gels for Buccal Mucoadhesive

2020 ◽  
Vol 859 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Suwannee Panomsuk ◽  
Kunyakorn Keawsri ◽  
Chanapa Limsatjapanit ◽  
Nutcha Asaneesantiwong ◽  
Parichat Chomto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Poloxamer 407 ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mucoadhesive Property

Clove oil is the volatile essential oil obtained from Syzygium aromaticum. Eugenol, which is the main component, has antimicrobial, antifungal activity and antioxidant. From antiseptic activity, clove oil can be used in treatment of oral cavity infection. The aims of this research are to formulate and evaluate clove oil mucoadhesive gel for oral applications. Gel bases were prepared from Poloxamer 407 (P407). The effect of clove oil, P407 and xanthan gum on formulations were studied. Clove oil preparations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties (physical appearance, pH, viscosity, gelling capacity and gel dissolving time at 37 °C in artificial saliva). Mucoadhesive property was studied using porcine buccal mucosa. The amount of eugenol in clove oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Stability study of clove oil gel was performed under stress and room temperature conditions (1 month). The results showed that preparations containing 0% and 1% clove oil were in situ gel while those containing 3% and 5% clove oil were gel. All formulations showed good and clear physical appearance with the pH value of 5.2. The gelling capacity and gel dissolving time of more than 15 minutes in artificial saliva at 37°C was found in all preparations. They also showed mucoadhesive property. The GC results showed that the amount of eugenol in clove oil were 99.52 ± 0.51 %V/V. The preparations containing 1% clove oil showed good physical and chemical stability after storage at room temperature for 1 month. There was no significant difference in the amount of eugenol after storage (p>0.05). In conclusion, the preparations containing 20% P407 and 1% clove oil are the most appropriate formulation.

scholarly journals Control of Sprouting of Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) using African Cardamon (Aframomum danielli), Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
G. O. Adegoke ◽  
A. O. Odebadeu ◽  
M. O. Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
The Difference

This study investigated the effects of the aqueous extracts of Aframomum danielli, Turmeric and Clove in sprouting of yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). The sliced tubers were dipped into the aqueous extracts of A. danielli, turmeric and Clove, each at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%. The tubers were allowed to stand in the solution for 5 and 10 minutes. Distilled water was used in the control samples. The yam slices were air dried after removal from the liquids, placed in paper boxes and incubated at room temperature (28.9 ± 4.0°C) and Relative Humidity of 44.6 ± 18.4 % for a period of six weeks (Bibah, 2014). Weight loss was determined by finding the difference between the initial and final weights and expressed as percentage weight loss. The results indicated that Turmeric treatments at different concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% were more effective in reducing sprouting index at 5 minutes treatment time with values of 1.79%; 3.00% and 3.02% respectively. Clove treatment at 15%, 10% and 15% A. danielli treatment were more effective in controlling sprouting at 10 minutes treatment time for the yam tubers. There was no clear distinction in the effectiveness of each of aqueous extract of A. danielli, Turmeric and Clove in controlling sprouting at 5 and 10 minutes treatment time for sweet potato tubers.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of the clove essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1454-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugénia Pinto ◽  
Luís Vale-Silva ◽  
Carlos Cavaleiro ◽  
Lígia Salgueiro
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

The composition and antifungal activity of clove essential oil (EO), obtained from Syzygium aromaticum, were studied. Clove oil was obtained commercially and analysed by GC and GC-MS. The EO analysed showed a high content of eugenol (85.3 %). MICs, determined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols, and minimum fungicidal concentration were used to evaluate the antifungal activity of the clove oil and its main component, eugenol, against Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte clinical and American Type Culture Collection strains. The EO and eugenol showed inhibitory activity against all the tested strains. To clarify its mechanism of action on yeasts and filamentous fungi, flow cytometric and inhibition of ergosterol synthesis studies were performed. Propidium iodide rapidly penetrated the majority of the yeast cells when the cells were treated with concentrations just over the MICs, meaning that the fungicidal effect resulted from an extensive lesion of the cell membrane. Clove oil and eugenol also caused a considerable reduction in the quantity of ergosterol, a specific fungal cell membrane component. Germ tube formation by Candida albicans was completely or almost completely inhibited by oil and eugenol concentrations below the MIC values. The present study indicates that clove oil and eugenol have considerable antifungal activity against clinically relevant fungi, including fluconazole-resistant strains, deserving further investigation for clinical application in the treatment of fungal infections.

scholarly journals OXIDIZED MAIZE STARCH: CHARACTERIZATION AND EFFECT OF IT ON THE BIODEGRADABLE FILMS I. CHARACTERIZATION OF MAIZE STARCH OXIDIZED BY SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Phi Hung ◽  
Truong Thi Nam ◽  
Mac Van Phuc ◽  
Nguyen Anh Hiep ◽  
Nguyen THien Vuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Gelatinization Temperature ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Oxidation Degree ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Carboxyl Content ◽  
Native Starch ◽  
Significant Difference

The effects of hypochlorite level, i.e. 0.5; 1 and 2 active chlorine g/100g starch, on the structures and physicochemical properties of oxidized maize starch were investigated. The obtained results shown that oxidation degree grew up with increasing hypochlorite concentration, specially, the carboxyl content saw higher increased than the content of carbonyl. SEM images indicated that surface of oxidized maize starches were rougher than native starch. The surface of oxidized starches saw rougher with increasing hypochlorite level. However, the DSC results illustrated that there was no significant difference of gelatinization temperature between the native starch and oxidized starches.

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