scholarly journals Risk Factors of COVID-19 among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Delhi: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Aakanksha Bharti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Contact Data

Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS CoV-2). Therefore, there is paucity of data on risk factors of COVID-19 in India which will help in designing preventive measures. Objective: To determine the risk factors of COVID-19 patients attending a tertiary care institution. Methods: The study was conducted at tertiary care hosipital in South Delhi, India among the patients admitted in Covid-19 wards or visiting the hospital for testing of SARS CoV-2 infection. Contact data of test results was collected from the medical record and detailed information was collected through telephone calls. 103 cases were selected who were found test positive by RT PCR and 103 negatives were selected as controls. Data was collected using pre-tested Questionnaire. The data were first captured in paper-based case record form and then entered in a Microsoft Excel and analyzed in SPSS Software version 21.0. Result: The mean age of all the participants was 37.63±15.32 years. On comparing cases and controls, it was found that symptoms like fever, general weakness, cough, sore throat, breathlessness and headache were significantly associated with cases, having an odds ratio of greater than 1 and p value< 0.05. On analysing various underlying medical conditions amongst controls and cases, it was found that there was a significant difference among cases and controls who had Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (p-value: 0.001) with a high odds ratio of 6.130 and 5.964 respectively. Around half of the cases (54.4%) and 23.3% of controls reported to have faced discrimination or changed attitude of their neighbours after revealing their RT-PCR report and this difference was statistically significant (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: Study revealed that majority of symptoms were not predictors of COVID-19 and only occupations and history of contact remained significant risk factors of COVID-19 in multivariate analysis. A multicenter research study is required to learn more about risk factors.

scholarly journals Clinico-biochemical profile of chronic kidney disease patients in elderly age group in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4227
Author(s):  
Atul V. Rajkondawar ◽  
Amit Yele
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains one of the major health problems in India. Renal function steadily deteriorates as age advances and advancing age has been indicted to have adverse implications in the disease progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD). With the present study, clinico-biochemical profiling of chronic kidney disease patients in geriatric age group as well as comparison with non-elderly patients was undertaken.Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 100 patients of CKD admitted in the tertiary care study centre were enrolled consecutively and assessed for symptoms, signs and biochemical parameters over two years. Study subjects were divided into two groups:- Group 1: Elderly patients- aged 60 years or more, and Group 2: Non-elderly patients- less than 60 years of age. Relevant comparisons were drawn statistically and tested for significance.Results: Pallor and pedal edema were observed to be the commonest clinical features across groups. Elderly group shows higher prevalence of severe anaemia (mean hemoglobin- 7.4 gm%). Higher prevalence of clinical and biochemical derangement was found in patients with relatively lower GFR. Elderly age group also had more prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities compared with non-elderly population, with statistically significant difference observed for hyponatremia (p value- 0.023), hypoproteinemia (p value- 0.0078) and blood urea level (p value- 0.0054).Conclusions: Understanding beforehand the biochemical abnormalities associated with old age in CKD patients helps in appropriate modifications in patient management.

scholarly journals Weather Fluctuations May Have an Impact on Stroke Occurrence in a Society: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Naoki Matsumaru ◽  
Hideshi Okada ◽  
Kodai Suzuki ◽  
Sho Nachi ◽  
Takahiro Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Japan Meteorological Agency ◽  
Humidity Change ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Target Period ◽  
Lower Temperature

Background: Stroke has been found to have a seasonally varying incidence; blood pressure, one of its risk factors, is influenced by humidity and temperature. The relationship between the incidence of stroke and meteorological parameters remains controversial. Objective: We investigated whether meteorological conditions are significant risk factors for stroke, focusing on the fluctuation of weather elements that triggers the onset of stroke. Methods: We collected ambulance transportation data recorded by emergency personnel from Gifu Prefecture. We included cases where the cause of the transportation was stroke and excluded cases of trauma. We combined these data with meteorological data as well as data on average temperature, average air pressure, and humidity provided publicly by the Japan Meteorological Agency. Our target period was from January 2012 to December 2016. Results: In the 5-year target period, there were 5,501 occurrences of ambulance transportation due to stroke. A seasonal tendency was confirmed, since ambulance transportation for stroke occurred more frequently at low temperatures (p < 0.001). Temperature (odds ratio: 0.91; p < 0.001) and humidity change (odds ratio: 1.50; p = 0.016) were identified as risk factors for ambulance transportation due to stroke. An increase in temperature incurs a lower risk than a decrease (odds ratio: 0.58; p = 0.09), although there is no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: Meteorological effects on the frequency of ambulance transportation due to stroke were studied. A lower temperature and radical humidity change were identified as risk factors for ambulance transportation due to stroke, and a decrease in temperature was also associated. We speculate on the possibilities of using meteorological data to optimize the assignment of limited medical resources in medical economics.

scholarly journals Role of pretreatment neutophil to lymphocyte ratio as an independent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: a prospective study in a tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1977
Author(s):  
Shashwat Tiwari ◽  
Shivani Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Prognostic Scores ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
High Group ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Absolute

Background: More recently, established systemic inflammation-based prognostic scores have been explored extensively, such as NLR and serum C-reactive protein (CRP). We postulated that NLR might be a readily available and inexpensive objective prognostic index that could be used in daily oncologic clinical practice and could help to stratify patients in clinical trials.Methods: In total, there were 150 patients with OSCC treated at GSVM medical college, Kanpur between October 2012 and January 2015 whose clinical information and laboratory parameters were obtained. The NLR was determined by dividing the absolute neutrophil count by the absolute lymphocyte count, and the NLR data were then dichotomized and divided into two groups as NLR-low and -high.Results: The 3-year OS rate of the NLR-high group tended to be significantly lower than that of the NLR-low group, this relationship was found to be statistically significant (p value <0.05). The 3-year DFS rate in the NLR-high group was lower than that in the NLR-low group; however, there were no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions: Our findings reported herein demonstrated that pre-treatment NLR is a potential biomarker for predicting the overall survival in oral SCC patients. Combined with other markers, NLR may be used in decision-making and the selection of treatment modality in patients with oral SCC.

scholarly journals Assessment and Correlation of Uric Acid Concentration in Saliva and Serum of Patients Attending Tertiary Care Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-229
Author(s):  
Surakchhya Gautam ◽  
Sangita Thapa ◽  
Anju Khapung
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Background Serum uric acid (UA) is associated with many health conditions, including renal, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Diagnosis and monitoring often require painful invasive procedures which will add undue stress to the patients. The aim of this study was to correlate salivary and serum UA, so that, salivary sampling will help to bypass these measures and evaluate the condition of both healthy and the diseased. Methods This hospital based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 100 participants between age groups 21 to 82 years. Demographic data including height, weight and blood pressure were recorded. Serum and salivary samples were collected and UA level in both type of samples were estimated and correlation statistics was carried out. Results Total participants are categorized in three groups, 20-40, 41-60 and more than 60 years, among which maximum participants 43% are between 41-60 years of age. Average of body mass index (BMI) was found to be 24.46, where 50% were within normal range. Mean serum and salivary UA(mg/dl) was 4.15 and 1.90 respectively, exhibiting moderate positive correlation. They were correlated with significant “p-value” according to gender, age groups and disease conditions. Paired t- test was done between the measured and calculated salivary UA and no statistically significant difference in mean of these two values was obtained. Conclusions Salivary and serum UA are associated in our study so salivary UA can be used as a biomarker. Salivary UA was found to be more gender specific and specific among adults. Salivary UA can also be used as a screening tools for young and adult population.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Postinduction Hypotension among Elderly Patients Undergoing Elective Non-Cardiac Surgery under General Anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karuna Sutthibenjakul ◽  
Sunisa Chatmongkolchart
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Induction Periods ◽  
Post Induction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inhalation Agent

Objective: We aimed to determine risk factors for hypotension occurring after induction among elderly patients (aged 65 years and older). We hypothesized that the dosage of intravenous anesthesia drugs as well as the type of inhalation agent have an effect on hypotension during post-induction periods. We aimed to test this hypothesis to determine risk factors for hypotension after induction among elderly patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery.Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 580 patients between December 2017 and July 2018 at a tertiary university hospital in the south of Thailand. Hypotension is defined as a more than 30.0% decrease in mean arterial pressure from baseline after induction and within 20 minutes of the use of a vasopressor agent to treat hypotension. The intraoperative parameters were blood pressure and heart rate immediately after arrival at the operating room, immediately after intubation, and 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after intubation.Results: The median age was 72.5 (68, 78) years. The association of post-induction hypotension was raised with a diuretic drug as preoperative medication (p-value=0.025), and the degree of hypertension immediately after arrival at the operating room (p-value<0.001). Increasing fentanyl dosage during induction was associated with hypotension (p-value<0.010). There was no statistically significant difference in the increase of the propofol dosage.Conclusion: The degree of hypertension immediately after arrival at the operating room coupled with higher fentanyl dosage were significant risk factors for postinduction hypotension in elderly patients.

scholarly journals Randomized trial for fungal corneal ulcer- A comparison of outcome between two regimes of medical treatment with topical natamycin and topical voriconazole in a tertiary care Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Piyali Sarkar ◽  
Kumaresh Chandra Sarkar ◽  
Tridib Ranjan Naskar ◽  
Shashwat Bhattacharyya ◽  
Mukul Chandra Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Inflammation of the cornea is known as keratitis. Microbial keratitis is a great challenge for the physicians due to its varied presentation, overlapping symptoms and rapid progression. Though bacterial keratitis is the most prevalent in developing countries but recent increasing trend of fungal keratitis carries a significant risk factors and one of the leading causes of vision loss. Early diagnosis and treatment are the cornerstone for its effective control. Purpose: To determine the outcome and efficacy of treatment with topical natamycin and topical voriconazole in different groups. It was a randomised, prospective, comparative, experimental study. The study populations were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria after proper evaluation. The study populations were divided into Group A (treated with 1% topical natamycin) and group B (treated 5% topical voriconazole. The patients were followed up subsequently. Data were collected, tabulated in Excel sheet and analyzed in percentage, proportion, t-test and chi square (χ2) test. The statistically significant was considered if p value &#60;0.05. The average age of the study populations was 39.32 ± 14.99 years. Topical voriconazole was found better against primary fungal ulcer than natamycin but not statistically significant (χ2=0.283, p=0.59). The mean healing times of group A and group B were 25.42 ± 4.59 and 24.92 ± 3.99 days respectively. This study concluded that it had male predominance, commonly involved younger people and poor socioeconomic agricultural workers. Both drugs were found effective against primary ulcer but voriconazole was slightly better.

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE RISK FACTORS OF WORK-RELATED STRESS AMONG HOUSE OFFICERS OF TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS, KARACHI

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Shaikh ◽  
Noshaba Noor ◽  
Aisha Farooq ◽  
Maryam Khaleel ◽  
Darakhshan Naqvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Background: House Officers report significant levels of work-related stress that demands to be immediately addressed as it adversely affects their ability to function their best as doctors. This study aimed to assess the risk factors of psychological distress among the currently working house officers (2016-2017). Objectives: To assess the various risk factors of work-related stress amongst the house officers working in tertiary care hospitals, Karachi Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Civil Hospital, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi during October 2016 and March 2017. A total of 384 house officers were approached for the study as per the sample size calculated using the Open-epi software. The questionnaire comprised of demographic data, 10-items perceived stress scale, and 12-items list of potential stressors. The severity of each stressor was measured using a five-point Likert scale (1-5) ranging from always (1) to never (5). Results: A total of 384 house officers were approached out of whom 315 (82%) participated. Among them, 115 (36.50%) were found to be under stress of whom 24 (20.8%) were males and 91(79.2%) were females. Significant difference for stressors by gender was found, these included their job having an effect on their health, change in eating habits and lack of paramedical staff cooperation (P < 0.05). Factors like increased hesitancy to take on tasks and increased tendency to make errors were found to have an impact on clinical performance (P value <0.05). Conclusion: There is high level of perceived stress in house officers of tertiary care hospitals, Karachi. Therefore, adequate steps are needed for stress management which should be dealt in terms of preventive rather than curative strategy.

scholarly journals Study of pregnancy outcome of threatened abortion and its correlation with risk factors in a tertiary care hospital of Mumbai, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4598
Author(s):  
Dipali S. Sivasane ◽  
Rekha G. Daver
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Background: Early pregnancy loss is very common and, in most cases, it can be considered as nature’s method to select for a genetically normal offspring. Threatened abortion is a relatively common complication during pregnancy, occurring in approximately 20% of all pregnancies. Maternal age, Outcome of previous pregnancies, health of mother, any infection etc can be decisive factors in the risk of pregnancy loss.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study where patients admitted with threatened abortion were interviewed using pretested semi-structured questionnaire after the treatment. Outcome of pregnancy was recorded. Their basic socio-demographic data along with possible risk factors were recorded. TORCH Ig M and Ig G were done in all patients.Results: Out of 95 patients admitted with threatened abortion, 42 (44%) patients undergone abortion whereas in 53 (56%) patients, pregnancy was continued. Out of total 60 patients admitted with the complain of only vaginal spotting, in 39 pregnancy continued and in 21 patients pregnancy was aborted. (p-value<0.05). 50.52% were from age group of 21 to 25 years of age. It was also seen that after 35 years of age, significant number of patients aborted. Out of these 11 patients with high BMI, pregnancy was continued only one patient. Out of total 20 patients positive for IgM of toxoplasma infection, pregnancy was aborted in 13 (65%) patients. Out of total 15 patients positive for IgM of cytomegalo virus infection, pregnancy was continued in 11 (73.3%) patients.Conclusions: Patients of threatened abortion with only symptom of spotting per vagina have good chances of continuation of the pregnancy. Increased maternal age above 35, Overweight and bad obstetric history are also associated with pregnancy loss. Though there was no statistically significant difference it was evident that among all TORCH infections, IgM toxoplasma and Rubella are associated more with pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals 691. Infective Endocarditis with an Indication for Cardiac Surgery in a Tertiary Care Educational Hospital: Does Cardiac Surgery Improve Outcomes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S447-S448
Author(s):  
Deniz Akyol ◽  
Gunel Quliyeva ◽  
Selin Bardak özcem ◽  
Meral kayıkçıoğlu ◽  
Tansu Yamazhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Heart Murmur ◽  
Indication For Surgery ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Duke Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background In this retrospective cohort study, it was aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of IE cases without and with an indication for cardiac surgery in terms of whether they have been operated or not, in a tertiary-care educational hospital. Methods Patients that were followed up for definite IE (diagnosed according to modified Duke criteria between March 2007 and November 2020) with an indication for cardiac surgery according to European Society of Cardiology Guidelines, comprised the study group. Subjects were evaluated in terms of whether these cases have been operated or not, demographic features, underlying diseases, risk factors, clinical and laboratory findings, therapy responses, complications, and mortality. The timing of surgery is defined as emergency; surgery performed within 24 hours, urgent; within a few days, elective; after at least one-two weeks of antibiotic therapy. Statistical analysis was performed via Chi square and Student T tests and a p value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 90 patients with an indication for surgery, 33.3% patients in underwent surgery, 66.6% patients in not underwent surgery group fulfilled the study criteria. The most frequently seen complaints in patients were fever (91.1%), cold-shiver (56.6%), weight-loss (27.7%), dyspnea (25.5%), and tachycardia (20%). Heart murmur was detected during cardiac auscultation of 44 patients. Mean blood leukocyte count, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were 12324 ± 6558/mm3 (1408-30330), 11.46 ± 8.38 mg/dl (0.18-34.6) and 61.43 ± 33.4 mm/h (2-130), respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of cardiac/non-cardiac risk factors, age, gender, etiologic agents, laboratory findings, septic embolisms and complaints (Table 1). In total IE with an indication for surgery mortality was 27.7%. Mortality rate was significantly less and heart murmur was significantly higher in cases who underwent surgery than those did not undergo surgery (p: 0.0447). Table 1. Comparison of basic characteristics of patients in the two operated / unoperated cohorts. Conclusion These data support the importance of the guidelines’ criteria for cardiac surgery in the management of IE. Assuming that only 1/3 of the surgery needing cases received surgery, more interventions are needed to decrease the barriers against surgery. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Retinopathy of prematurity: study of incidence, risk factors and outcome in level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Uma Devi Rachamadugu ◽  
Sravani Devana ◽  
Srikanth Sandanala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Advancing technology in antenatal and neonatal care has resulted in better survival of preterm neonates in developing countries in the past few decades. This has resulted in an apparent increase in the incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), which is the most important cause of preventable blindness in infants.Methods: A prospective clinical study was done for 18 months in 400 preterm babies less than 34 weeks of Gestational Age (GA) or less than 1750 gm of Birth Weight (BW). ROP screening was performed. The babies who developed any stage of ROP were taken as cases and the babies who did not have ROP were taken as controls. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (Version 20.0). p value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Four hundred babies were thus examined. The overall incidence of ROP in the study group was 10.25% (41 babies). Out of them, 38 babies (92.6%) had stage-1 ROP and 3 babies (7.31%) had stage-2 ROP. three babies (7.31%) required laser treatment. Risk factor analysis revealed that gestational age at birth, low birth weight, need foroxygenation, RDS, clinical sepsis, HIE, AKI, NNS, resuscitation, apnea.Conclusions: Screening should be intensified in the presence of risk factors like resuscitation, oxygen requirement, apnoea and prolonged hospital stay, which can reduce the incidence of severe stages of ROP as shown by this study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document