Measurement of Spontaneity: The Relationship between Intensity and Frequency of the Spontaneous Experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Kipper ◽  
Eva Buras
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Present Article ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Order Of Administration ◽  
Very High

In the present article, the construct validity of one aspect of the definition of spontaneity is examined. Two ways of measuring spontaneity are presented. One involves the use of the revised version of a Spontaneity Assessment Inventory in which respondents are asked to indicate the intensity of the feeling of spontaneity they experience during a typical day. The second was a specially worded version of the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory–Revised: respondents were asked to indicate the frequency with which they experienced spontaneity during a typical day. 81 students responded to the two versions, which were given 1 wk. apart. The order of administration of the two versions was counterbalanced across the participants. The very high positive correlation between versions ( r = .84) suggests that either measure may be used as an estimator of spontaneity.

High Commitment Work Systems in Chinese Organizations: A Preliminary Measure

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixing Xiao ◽  
Ingmar Björkman
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
It Industry ◽  
The West ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Work System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of a high commitment work system (HCWS) has mostly been used in the West to study the relationship between a firm's work systems and organizational performance. In this paper, we introduce a preliminary measure of HCWS in China based on the definition of Baron and Kreps (1999). In study 1, we tested the measure by surveying 442 employees in China's information technology (IT) industry. In study 2, we re-tested the same measure from the perspective of human resource (HR) executives in 126 foreign-invested companies. The analyses not only provided some evidence for the construct validity of this preliminary measure of a high commitment work system, but also produced some interesting results that can only be understood with regards to the history and institutional backgrounds of Chinese organizations.

scholarly journals UPLC-MS/MS Determination of Linezolid and Heme in Plasma of Infected Patients and Correlation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Xuemei Ye ◽  
Qin Lan ◽  
Xiaofang Ke ◽  
Lufeng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Haematological Toxicity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Early Diagnose ◽  
The Relationship

Linezolid can cause serious haematological toxicity, such as thrombocytopenia and aneamia. Heme, composed of iron and porphyrin, is an important component of hemoglobin. In order to investigate the relationship between the concentration of linezolid and heme in the plasma of infected patients, a UPLC-MS/MS method that can determine the concentrations of linezolid and heme simultaneously was developed and validated. A total of 96 healthy subjects and 81 infected patients, who received blood routine blood tests, were included and determined by the UPLC-MS/MS method. The results showed that the concentration of linezolid was 5.08 ± 3.46   μ g / mL in infected patients who were treated with linezolid. The heme in healthy subjects was 7.05 ± 8.68   μ g / mL , and it was significantly decreased to 0.88 ± 0.79   μ g / mL in infected patients ( P < 0.01 ). Spearman correlation analysis showed that linezolid had a high negative correlation with platelet (PLT) ( R = − 0.309 ). Heme had a high positive correlation with hemoglobin (Hb) ( R = 0.249 ) in healthy subjects and infected patients. The ROC analysis showed that heme had diagnostic value to distinguish low Hb (110 g/L). In conclusion, there was a positive correlation between heme and Hb, and this correlation was also observed in infected patients. A high concentration of linezolid was inclined to decrease PLT. Monitoring of heme and linezolid helps in the early diagnose of low Hb and PLT.

scholarly journals Validity of Weight Estimation Models in Pigs Reared under Different Management Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvelous Sungirai ◽  
Lawrence Masaka ◽  
Tonderai Maxwell Benhura
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Large White ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

A study was carried out to determine the relationship between linear body measurements and live weight in Landrace and Large White pigs reared under different management conditions in Zimbabwe. Data was collected for body length, heart girth, and live weight in 358 pigs reared under intensive commercial conditions. The stepwise multiple linear regression method was done to develop a model using a random selection of 202 records of pigs. The model showed that age, body length, and heart girth were useful predictors of live weight in these pigs with significantly high positive correlations observed. The model was internally validated using records of the remaining 156 pigs and there was a significantly high positive correlation between the actual and predicted weights. The model was then externally validated using 40 market age pigs reared under communal conditions and there was a significantly low positive correlation between the actual and predicted weights. The results of the study show that while linear measurements can be useful in predicting pig weights the appropriateness of the model is also influenced by the management of the pigs. Models can only be applicable to pigs reared under similar conditions of management.

Relation between Seizure Latency and Maze Activity in Rats

1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-728
Author(s):  
Richard H. O'Connell
Keyword(s):  
Audiogenic Seizure ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Complex Maze ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subsequent Activity

A high positive correlation was found between audiogenic seizure latency and subsequent activity in a complex maze for 22 rats. The relationship appeared to be independent of the type of seizure, and it disappeared as familiarity with the maze increased. The maze activity of rats who failed to display seizure could not be predicted by considering them to be Ss with very long latencies.

scholarly journals Correlation between Serum Leptin Level with Type and Number of Lesion Skin Tag

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Budi Putra ◽  
Remenda Siregar ◽  
Nelva K. Jusuf ◽  
Oratna Ginting ◽  
Raja Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Skin Tag ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Very High ◽  
Lesion Skin

BACKGROUND: Skin tag is a benign tumour of connective tissue in the skin, sessile or pedunculated, skin-like to brownish coloured and often arises in the flexure area. Etiopathogenesis of skin tag is still unclear, but one of the aetiology is associated with leptin hormone. AIM: To determine the correlation between leptin serum level with type and number of the lesion skin tag. METHODS: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 33 skin tag patients. Diagnosis of skin tag was based on history and clinical examination; we conducted blood sampling and measurement of serum leptin level to the patients. RESULTS: We found the mean serum leptin level of skin tag patients were highest on the type of lesion mixed (31.54 ± 12.85 ng/ml). The mean number of skin tag lesions was 13.6 ± 5.8 lesions. There is a very high positive correlation between serum leptin level with a number of skin tag (r = 0.86) with p < 0.05 and significant correlation between serum leptin level with the type of lesions (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION: Serum leptin level has a very high positive correlation to a number of skin tag and significant correlation between serum leptin level with the type of lesion.

scholarly journals Timing of mating, reproductive status and resource availability in relation to migration in the painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantí Stefanescu ◽  
Andreu Ubach ◽  
Christer Wiklund
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Vanessa Cardui ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

AbstractIn many migratory insects, migration occurs during the pre-reproductive phase of the life cycle. This trait probably arises from a trade-off between migration and reproduction and in females has been termed as the ‘oogenesis-flight syndrome’. However, the generality of this syndrome has been questioned, especially for monomorphic insects. We studied the relationship between migration and reproduction in the highly cosmopolitan painted lady butterfly, which in the Palaearctic undertakes the longest known multi-generational migration circuit of any insect. We tested for the oogenesis-flight syndrome in both spring and autumn migrants in two regions linked by migration, North Africa and northern Spain. Field observations were combined with laboratory experiments to determine the lifespan and the age at first mating to unravel the reproductive strategy observed in individuals captured in the wild. Females and males wait on average around 5–6 days before mating, and field data revealed that mating frequencies increase rapidly once females reach a medium wing wear category. There were seasonal differences in mating frequencies in the study regions depending on whether the region acted as a source or as a destination for migrants, and in the latter case there were almost twice as many mated females. Moreover, about 80% of females collected during migratory flights were unmated, the remaining females having mated only very recently. Our results thus strongly indicate that the painted lady fulfils the oogenesis-flight syndrome, as migration is concentrated in its relatively short pre-reproductive period. Field data also showed a high positive correlation between mating frequency and host plant abundance, which suggests that mated females have the ability to locate potential breeding areas. This, together with the very high fecundity estimated from over 1000 eggs in laboratory trials, makes the painted lady one of the most successful migratory insects on Earth.

scholarly journals Polyfunctionality of Justice: Reality or Legal Reality Interpretation?

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Петр Серков ◽  
Pyetr Syerkov
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the article contains the analysis of such fundamental concepts as the judicial system and legal proceedings, which are the elements of justice as a whole. The article consists of three parts, which are containing the deductive analysis of the institutional structure of justice. In the first part of present article the interaction of the institutions of the judicial system and legal proceedings, the dynamics of institutional and functional changes, as well as evaluation of these changes were disclosed. Further the author examines every aspect of justice. Thus, in the second part of the paper the judiciary, as constitutional guarantees of fair justice, were studied. Also the judicial system and its components were analyzed by the author. The third part of the article focuses on the second element of justice — judicial proceedings. In this part of the work the author discloses the two components of judicial proceedings: judicial proceedings as a consequence of the conflict and judicial proceedings as a material expression of fairness in a particular conflict. The author defines the definition of the term &#34;judicial proceedings&#34; and provides its analysis from the different points of view, reveals the essence of the judicial proceedings. Also the fundamental functions and principles of justice were presented and examined in present article. In this part the author addresses the question of the relationship of the specialization of courts with the function of justice and of the relation of judicial proceedings and justice.

Temporal variation in extinction risk and temporal scaling of extinction metrics

Paleobiology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Foote
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Extinction Rate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extinction Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Stage Boundaries

Many areas of paleobiological research require reliable extinction metrics. Branching-and-extinction simulations and data on Phanerozoic marine families and genera are used to investigate the relationship between interval length and commonly used extinction metrics. Normalization of extinction metrics for interval length is problematic, even when interval length is known without error, because normalization implicitly assumes some model of variation in extinction risk within an interval. If extinction risk within an interval were constant, or if it varied but played no role in the definition of stratigraphic intervals, then Van Valen's time-normalized extinction metric would provide a measure of average extinction risk that is effectively unbiased by interval length. When extinction risk varies greatly within an interval and interval boundaries are drawn at times of heavy extinction, extinction metrics that normalize for interval length are negatively correlated with interval length. Despite its intuitive appeal, the per-taxon extinction rate (proportional extinction per million years) is biased by interval length under a wide range of extinction models.Empirically, time-normalized extinction metrics for Phanerozoic families and genera are negatively correlated with interval length. This is consistent with an extinction model in which many times of very low risk are punctuated by a few times of very high risk which in turn determine stage boundaries. Origination and extinction patterns are similar, but origination intensity varies less among stages than extinction intensity. This observation has at least two plausible explanations: that origination episodes are more protracted than extinction episodes, and that biologic groups do not respond in unison to origination opportunities the way they seem to respond during extinction events. For families and genera, there is enough variation in extinction intensity among stages that stage length can be ignored when studying certain extinction patterns over the entire Phanerozoic.

scholarly journals Levels of Stress among Retired Civil Servants as Correlate of Their Adjustment Patterns in Anambra State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
K. A. Agha ◽  
C. A. Nwankwo
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: The study determined the relationship between levels of stress and adjustment patterns of retired civil servants, the relationship between levels of stress and adjustment patterns of male retired civil servants, as well as the relationship between levels of stress and adjustment patterns of female retired civil servants in Anambra state, Nigeria.  Study Design:  The research design was a correlation survey. Place and Duration of Study: Anambra state secretariat office, March 2010 to February 2020. Methodology: The multistage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 513 retired civil servants from a population of 1500 retired civil servants in Anambra state (220 male and 252 female) (Source: Anambra state secretariat office, personal/accounts department, 2019). Levels of stress (LOS) and adjustment patterns questionnaires (APQ) were used to collect data which was administered through direct delivery approach. The validity of the questionnaires was carried out by three experts. The reliability coefficient for the levels of stress questionnaire (LSQ) was 0.78, while the reliability coefficient for adjustment pattern questionnaire was 0.85. Research questions 1, 2 and 3 were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r). The null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using t-test of correlation. Results: Findings from the study revealed among others that; the relationship between levels of stress and adjustment patterns of retired civil servants is high and positive (r=0.661/n=472), while the relationship between levels of stress and adjustment patterns based on gender of retired civil servants is positively high for male (r=0.703/n=220), and moderately positive for female retired civil servants (r=0.577/n=252). Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that male and female retired civil servants should be encouraged to engage in meaningful activities that will reduce their stress levels. Also, the federal government should look into disbursement of funds and the payment of retired civil servants, the prioritizing of retirees’ payment of pension and gratuities can promote this process. Through this, retired civil servants will meet up financial obligations of their families, and in turn reduce the level of stress they undergo. Conclusion: There is a high positive correlation between levels of stress and their adjustment patterns, it was also found that a high positive correlation between levels of stress and adjustment patterns of male and female retired civil servants in Anambra state. Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship was found between levels of stress and adjustment patterns of retired civil servants.

scholarly journals Examining the relationship between joint range of motion and serve speed and hit

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
M. Soyal ◽  
M. Kaya ◽  
N.M. Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Wrist Extension ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Joint Range ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: In this study, the relationship between the joint range of motion, and the serve speed and hit rate of tennis players was examined. The voluntary participants of this study are tennis players in the university tennis team. Materials and Methods: Twelve male students aged 18-25 voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were individuals, who professionally played tennis with a license. Certain parameters of the participants such as the upper extremity joint range of motion, extension and flexion angles of the elbow joint, abduction angle of the shoulder joint, and flexion and extension angles of the wrist were measured through standard plastic 12 goniometers. Similarly, the hit values were examined via the Revised Dyer Wall Test and serve speed values were examined by using the Stalker solo 2 brand radar. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the joint range of motion and the serve speed and hit rate of the participants. The values below p <0.05 were considered as significant. Results: In the study, it was determined that there was a moderate positive correlation between wall test and shoulder abduction (p <0.05, r =, 599); similarly, there was a high positive correlation between wall test and wrist extension (p <0.05, r = 671); there was a high positive correlation between wall test and wrist flexion (p <0.05, r = 638); there was a high positive correlation between abduction of the shoulder and wrist extension (p <0.05, r =, 603); there was a very high positive correlation between wrist extension and wrist flexion (p <0.001, r = 819), and it was determined that there was no significant relationship between the other parameters (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, in this study, it was determined that the joint range of motion has a positive relationship with both serve speed and hits.

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