Psychological Test Signs of Brain Damage in Cerebral Thrombosis

1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray B. Evans ◽  
Jessie Marmorston
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Psychological Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cerebral Thrombosis ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Brain

A study was made of 204 patients between 40 and 80 yr. of age, 108 who had had a cerebral thrombosis and were thus known to have damage to the brain and 96 who had had a myocardial infarction but no known brain damage. The two groups were compared on the Rorschach, Proverb Interpretations, Draw-A-Man, Bender-Gestalt, Raven Coloured Progressive Matrices, and WAIS Digit Span and Vocabulary tests. Every test distinguished successfully between the cerebral and cardiac patients; each test, divided at its optimum point, correctly classified more patients than could be expected by chance; a significant association between diagnosis and scores on each test was shown by contingency coefficients; positive relationships between every test (except Digit Span, which was not calculated) and each of the other tests was shown by Spearman rank correlations ranging from .39 to .81. Considering the age, education, and socioeconomic status of the patients, and especially the fact that they all had some atherosclerosis, the tests differentiated the groups extremely well, with the Rorschach generally proving most effective. In view of the number of patients misclassified when each test was divided at its maximally differentiating point, it was concluded that none of the tests could be safely used by itself for individual diagnosis.

Race and Rorschach Signs of Brain Damage in Cerebral Thrombosis

1966 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray B. Evans ◽  
Jessie Marmorston
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Cerebral Thrombosis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Item Scale

In an attempt to identify Rorschach signs which would differentiate the brain-damaged regardless of race, a study was made of 225 Caucasian and 127 Negro patients between 40 and 80 yr. of age. There was known brain damage (cerebral thrombosis) in 204 patients, and no known brain damage in 148 patients (myocardial infarction). Each of 31 Rorschach signs of cerebral impairment was studied to determine its power in discriminating Caucasian damaged from nondamaged and Negro damaged from nondamaged patients. A combination of 13 signs was thereby selected in which race did not appear to be a significant factor. The 13-item scale differentiated brain-damaged from nondamaged Caucasian, Negro, and combined Caucasian-Negro groups, all at levels below .001. The 13-item scale correctly classified 71% of the patients, compared with 73% when all 31 signs were used.

scholarly journals Factores relacionados con la falta de conciencia de los déficit en el daño cerebral

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Begoña González ◽  
Nuria Paúl ◽  
Juan Luis Blázquez ◽  
Marcos Ríos-Lago
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Impaired Awareness ◽  
Initial Severity ◽  
Patient Competency ◽  
The Brain

Our purpose was to investigate the influence of several factors in the manifestation of impaired awareness following brain injury. We focused on the following factors, at one side the brain injury hemispheric side (right or left) and its neuroanatomical location, and on the other hand, the relation between initial severity and time post-injury. Participants were 86 patients with brain injury and their relatives recruited from the Brain Damage Unity, Beata M.a Ana de Jesús Hospital. All of them were administered the questionnaire «patient competency rating scale». Assessment data showed that 66% of the patients perceived their behavioural abilities as more effective than their families' valuation. Lack of awareness did not correlate with injury location, but so with injury initial severity, sustaining after the following year.

Improving Prediction of Brain Damage with the Tactile Performance Test for a Psychiatric Population

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Strain ◽  
Wayne B. Kinzie
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Response Contingent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Reaction ◽  
Psychiatric Population ◽  
The Brain

The Reitan-Halstead Organic Test Battery has been found of little practical value in general psychiatric populations in that it does not separate hospitalized organics from schizophrenics. An attempt was made to improve such discrimination through the application of response-contingent censure for poor performance during administration of one test from this battery. Ss were 48 hospitalized patients diagnosed schizophrenic reaction or brain syndrome. The Tactile Performance Test was administered to half of each group under standard administration conditions and to the other half under conditions of response-contingent censure. Under the latter condition there was a significant difference in performance by the groups, fewer schizophrenics scoring within the brain-damaged range.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Properties of Xenon According to Experimental Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
O. A. Grebenchikov ◽  
I. V. Molchanov ◽  
A. I. Shpichko ◽  
A. K. Yevseyev ◽  
A. K. Shabanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Brain Protection ◽  
Inhalation Anesthetic ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT. An increase in the number of patients with severe brain damage of various etiologies determines the need to improve neuroprotection technologies. The review is devoted to modern views on the mechanisms of brain protection, as well as the basic processes underlying damage to neurons. The article discusses the results of the most important experimental studies in this area using inert xenon gas. The authors analyzed a number of works highlighting neurotective properties of the xenon inhalation anesthetic in studies performed in vitro and in vivo. The main mechanisms of neuronal death depending on the type of damage are shown, the points of application of the protective effect of xenon on the brain and the prospects for further research in this area are demonstrated in the article.

P631Socioeconomic status; how does it influence referral to cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C B Graversen ◽  
M B Johansen ◽  
S P Johnsen ◽  
S Riahi ◽  
T Holmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Referral Process ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background The number of patients with low socioeconomic status who are referred to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been documented to be relative lower than patients with high SES among all patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Purpose The aims of this study were to evaluate the referral process to CR and how it is influenced by socioeconomic variables. Methods In 2011–2014, 1229 patients were hospitalised with AMI at Department of Cardiology of our University Hospital, Denmark. All were evaluated for participation to CR. Socioeconomic status was measured by personal income, educational level, marital status, and employment and obtained from national registers. Multiple logistic regression assessed socioeconomic determinants in three phases of the referral process to CR: 1. information about CR, 2. wish to participate in CR, and 3. referral to specialiced- or municipality-based CR. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, and comorbidities. Results A total of 1123 (91.4%) patients received information regarding CR. Of these, 854 (69.5%) patients wished to participate in the programme. Income was the most important socioeconomic variable when looking at who were informed about CR (OR 2.17, 95%-CI: 1.0- 4.64) and who wished to participate in CR (OR 1.55, 95%-CI: 1.02–2.35). Characteristics of study participants Characteristics All participants STEMI NSTEMI UAP n=1229 n=402 n=711 n=116 Male (n, %) 907 (73.8) 322 (80.1) 503 (70.7) 82 (70.7) Age Group (yrs)   <65 591 (48.1) 227 (56.5) 308 (43.3) 56 (48.3)   65–74 371 (30.2) 116 (28.9) 215 (30.2) 40 (34.5)   ≥75 267 (21.7) 59 (14.7) 188 (26.4) 20 (17.2) Baseline Comorbidity   Hypertension 241 (19.6) 62 (15.4) 148 (20.8) 31 (26.7)   Diabetes 14 (1.1) <5 (<1) 8 (1.1) <5 (<1) Charlson Comorbidity Index   Low (0 points) 1088 (88.5) 358 (89.1) 630 (88.6) 100 (86.2)   Moderate/High (>0) 141 (11.5) 44 (10.9) 81 (11.4) 16 (13.8) Civil status (n, %)   Married/Partnership 793 (64.5) 253 (62.9) 449 (63.2) 91 (78.4)   Divorced/Unmarried/Widow 436 (35.5) 149 (37.1) 262 (36.8) 25 (21.6) Occupational status (n, %)   Employed 479 (39.0) 195 (48.5) 240 (33.8) 44 (37.9)   Unemployed/Retired 750 (61.0) 207 (51.5) 471 (66.2) 72 (62.1) Educational status (n, %)   Low 516 (42.0) 144 (35.8) 322 (45.3) 50 (43.1)   Medium 539 (43.9) 201 (50.0) 293 (41.2) 45 (38.8)   High 174 (14.2) 57 (14.2) 96 (13.5) 21 (18.1) Gross income, tertile (n, %)   Low 405 (33.0) 113 (28.1) 251 (35.3) 41 (35.3)   Medium 406 (33.0) 124 (30.8) 247 (34.7) 35 (30.2)   High 418 (34.0) 165 (41.0) 213 (30.0) 40 (34.5) STEMI: ST-elevated myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction; UAP: unstable angina pectoris. Conclusion Two out of three patients received referral to CR. However, higher income was proportional with the likelihood of receiving information about CR and willingness to participate in the programme. Acknowledgement/Funding the Danish Heart Foundation

Rehabilitation of Attention

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian H. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Attention Systems ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: In this paper, evidence is reviewed for separable attention systems in the brain, and it is argued a) that attention may have a privileged role in mediating experience dependent plasticity in the brain and b) that at least some types of attention may be capable of rehabilitation following brain damage.

Adhesive Platelet Count and Blood Coagulability in Myocardial Infarction and Cerebral Thrombosis

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 450-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Yamazaki ◽  
T Odakura ◽  
K Takeuchi ◽  
T Sano
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Cerebral Thrombosis ◽  
Prothrombin Activity ◽  
Recovery Stage ◽  
Blood Coagulability

SummaryIn 382 patients, aged 21 to 76 years, including 39 healthy volunteers, a platelet count by Olef’s method, an adhesive platelet count by Moolten-Vroman’s method, prothrombin activity due to one-stage prothrombin time and calcium clotting time were measured. In 39 cases of myocardial infarction and 40 cases of cerebral thrombosis, both in acute stage, a marked decrease in the adhesive platelet count and adhesive index and an increase of prothrombin activity were observed with statistical significance compared to the healthy group (P < 0.01). In the recovery stage of myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis and other diseases, except for malignant tumors, acute infectious diseases, diabetes mellitus and blood or liver diseases, the above observations were absent or reduced. In the case of thrombosis, a negative correlation was seen between the adhesive platelet count and prothrombin activity (r — —0.238, P < 0.01). There is no correlation between the changes in platelet adhesiveness or blood coagulability and total cholesterol level in serum.

MICROCHEMICAL ASSAYS OF GLUCOSE AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE IN MAMMALIAN PANCREATIC β-CELLS

1968 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Ake Idahl ◽  
Bo Hellman
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Exocrine Pancreas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wide Concentration Range ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Enzymatic Cycling ◽  
Glucose Diffusion ◽  
Significant Barrier ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT The combination of enzymatic cycling and fluorometry was used for measuring glucose and glucose-6-phosphate in pancreatic β-cells from obese-hyperglycaemic mice. The glucose level of the β-cells corresponded to that of serum over a wide concentration range. In the exocrine pancreas, on the other hand, a significant barrier to glucose diffusion across the cell membranes was demonstrated. During 5 min of ischaemia, the glucose level remained practically unchanged in the β-cells while it increased in the liver and decreased in the brain. The observation that the pancreatic β-cells are characterized by a relatively low ratio of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose may be attributed to the presence of a specific glucose-6-phosphatase.

A simple treatment planning strategy for patients with multiple metastases treated with Gamma Knife surgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Douglas ◽  
Robert Goodkin
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Gamma Knife Surgery ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Cns Metastases ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Dose Volume Histograms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Brain

ObjectIn a substantial number of patients treated at the authors' facility for brain metastases, additional lesions are identified at the time of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS). These lesions are often widely dispersed and may number over 10, which is the maximal number of matrices that can be currently placed for treatment with Leksell Gamma-Plan 4C. The authors describe a simple planning method for GKS in patients with multiple, widely dispersed central nervous system (CNS) metastases.MethodsTwo patients presented with three to five identified recurrent metastases from non–small cell lung carcinoma and breast carcinoma after having received whole-brain radiotherapy. At the time of treatment with GKS in each patient, spoiled-gradient Gd-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed substantially more metastases than originally thought, which were widely scattered throughout all regions of the brain. The authors simplified the treatment planning approach by dividing the entire CNS contents into six contiguous, nonoverlapping matrices, which allowed for the planning, calculation, and treatment of all lesions.Two patients were successfully treated with GKS for more than 10 CNS metastases by using this simple planning method. Differing peripheral doses to varied-size lesions were delivered by prescribing to different isodose curves within any given matrix when required. Dose–volume histograms showed brain doses as follows: 10% of the total brain volume received 5 to 6.4 Gy; 25% received 3.8 to 4.8 Gy; 50% received 2.7 to 3.1 Gy; and 75% received 2.2 to 2.5 Gy.Conclusions The delineation of more metastases than appreciated on the diagnostic MR imaging is a common occurrence at the time of GKS at the authors' institution. The treatment of multiple (>10), widely dispersed CNS metastases can be simplified by the placement of multiple, contiguous, non-overlapping matrices, which can be employed to treat lesions in all areas of the brain when separate matrices cannot be utilized.

PENGARUH STRES TERHADAP FUNGSI MEMORI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DI KOTA DEPOK

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Fathiya Hanisya ◽  
Dikha Ayu Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang dapat mempengaruhi sisi psikologi penderitanya. Stres merupakan salah satu akibat dari penyakit kronis. Stres memiliki dampak negatif pada penderita diabetes melitus karena menyebabkan keadaan hiperglikemia. Hiperglikemia merupakan awal mula dari kerusakan fungsi kognitif, salah satunya kerusakan pada fungsi memori. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara stres dengan fungsi memori. Desain penelitian ini adalah analitik korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, menggunakan 85 responden penderita diabetes melitus di Kecamatan Sawangan Depok. Stres dinilai menggunakan Depression, Anxiety, Stress scale 42 khususnya pada subscale stres sebanyak 14 pernyataan. Sedangkan fungsi memori dinilai menggunakan digit span forward and backward. Uji analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman Rank menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara stres dan fungsi memori pada penderita diabetes melitus di Kota Depok (p<0,05). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada praktisi kesehatan untuk menekankan manajemen stres dalam tatalaksana diabetes melitus dan penilaian awal tingkat stres sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan pada penderita diabetes melitus. Kata kunci: stres, fungsi memori, diabetes melitus, depok AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affect psychological side of individual with diabetes. Stress is one of the result of chronic disease. Stress has a negative impact on people with diabetes melitus because it causes a state of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycaemia is the beginning of cognitive function impairment, one of which is damage to memory function. This study aims was to determine the relationship between stress and memory function. The design of this study was correlative analytic with cross sectional approach, using 85 respondents with diabetes mellitus in Kecamatan Sawangan Depok. Stress was assessed using Depression, Anxiety, Stress scale 42 (DASS 42), especially on stress subscales consists of 14 statements. While the memory function was assessed using the forward and backward digit span. Bivariate analysis test using Spearman Rank test stated that there was a significant relationship between stress and memory function in people with diabetes mellitus in Depok City (p <0,05). This study recommends to health practitioners to emphasize stress management in the management of diabetes mellitus and early assessment of stress levels prior to health education in people with diabetes mellitus. Keywords: stress, memory function, diabetes mellitus, depok

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