Use of Assertive Training in Teaching the Expression of Positively Assertive Behavior

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Nesbitt
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Posttest Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Assertive Behavior ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Interpersonal Situations ◽  
Assertive Training

In teaching positively assertive responses for interpersonal situations requiring such responses, subjects were assigned to either a Videotaped Modeling, Practice Control, Bibliotherapy, or Positive-thinking Control group ( ns = 10 college students). There was a significant over-all increase in level of assertiveness from pretest to posttest, and a significant effect of group. An analysis of the adjusted posttest means indicated that the Videotaped Modeling and Practice Control Groups were significantly more effective than the Positive-thinking Control Group, and the mean posttest score of the combined treatment groups was significantly different from that of the control group.

scholarly journals The Difference of Results in Abdomen and Anus Area Measurement With Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Anna Surgean Veterini ◽  
Nancy Margarita Rehatta ◽  
Hamzah Hamzah ◽  
Widijiati Widijiati ◽  
Sarmanu Sarmanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Mean

Research about sepsis in animal model is interesting to get the right therapeutic method for human being. We did the research to study about the value of body temperature in mice’s various body area in order to get the important information if we are going to do the translational research in animal model about sepsis. One clinical signs of the sepsis mice model is changes in body temperature. An easy way to examine body temperature is using infrared non-contact thermometer. This study aimed to compare the body temperature using infrared non-contact thermometer at the abdomen and anal area. We used male mice, weighing 25–30 g, divided into two groups (control and treatment groups). The control group injected with NaCl 0.9% solution, with the amount of NaCl 0.9% volume equal to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In the treatment group injected with 2.5 mg/kg BW of LPS intraperitoneally. Body temperature was measured in abdomen (tabd) and ananl (tan) area at 8th and 24th hour after treatment. Body temperature value tabd was higher than tan. Lipopolysaccharide injection increase body temperature but was not significant when compared to the control group (8th and 24th hour). The mean difference between tabd and tan in 8th control groups were 2.12oC respectively. The mean difference between tabd and tan in 24th hour control groups 4.6oC. The mean difference in treatment groups (8th hour) was 4.66oC, while it was 4.77oC in the 24th groups. Giving 2.5 mg/kg BW LPS intraperitoneally did not rise the body temperature significantly as compare to control groups. But, body temperature at anus area using non-contact infrared thermometer after treatment showed lower results as compared to that of at abdomen significantly.

scholarly journals The Effect of Positive Thinking Training on Anxiety and Happiness in the Elderly: a Quasi- Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Pourdavarani ◽  
Jamileh Farokhzadian ◽  
Mansooreh Azizzadeh Forouz ◽  
Sedigheh Khodabandeh Shahraki
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Anxiety and depression are the most common psychological disorders in the aging period. One of the ways to deal with anxiety and depression and increase happiness in the elderly is to train positive thinking. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate positive thinking skills training on anxiety and happiness in the elderly.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 48 elderly people referred to two comprehensive health service centers in Kerman in southeastern Iran were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention groups (n = 24) and control (n = 24). The data collection tools included the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Oxford Happiness Inventory. Questionnaires were filled out before the intervention, then positive thinking training was held in eight sessions of 90 minutes. After training program, the was conducted one month after it, the follow-up tools.Results: The results showed that the mean score of anxiety before positive thinking training was (13.58 ± 8.61) and (19.25± 11.67) in the intervention and the control group, respectively. After positive thinking training, the mean scores were (4.50 ±4.07) and (15.54±9.04) in the intervention and control group, respectively. After the intervention, which significantly reduced anxiety the intervention, group (t= 8.10, P<0.001). The mean score of happiness before the test was (26.58±12.40) and (37.91 ± 5.57) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. However, the posttest happiness scores of the intervention and control groups were (62.91± 4.66) and (35.62 ±10.62), respectively. The results showed that implementing positive thinking training increased happiness significantly (t=-4.08, P<0.001).Conclusion: Since positive thinking training effect reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in the elderly. Due to the growing trend of the elderly population, the positive thinking training approach can be used as a suitable, cost-effective, and efficient method in reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in the elderly.

Efficacy of Fenbendazole and Ivermectin against Trichuris spp. in African Green Monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) in Barbados West Indies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamara JR Rhynd ◽  
Daniel P Walsh ◽  
Linnell CM Arthur-Banfield
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bayesian Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Proportional Reduction ◽  
Green Monkeys

Trichuris spp. are common helminths in NHP, and benzimidazoles and avermectins have both been used to treat theseintestinal parasites. The current study compared the efficacy of fenbendazole and ivermectin against natural infection ofTrichuris spp. in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus). Anthelmintic-naive animals (n = 65) were randomly assignedto 4 groups: an untreated control group, and 3 groups treated with either fenbendazole, ivermectin, or both compounds. Fecalsamples were collected before treatment and on days 7, 14, 28, and 60 after treatment, and fecal egg counts (FEC) were determined by using fecal flotation. The mean percentages of FEC reduction at day 60 were 100%, 86%, and 100% for treatmentwith fenbendazole, ivermectin, and both compounds, respectively. Analyzing the time series of FEC by using a Bayesian generalized linear model showed no significant difference in the proportional reduction in FEC among the 3 treatment groups, although all FEC from treated groups were significantly lower than the FEC of the control group. In contrast, the probability of shedding was highest in the ivermectin group and the lowest in the animals treated with both compounds. The probability of shedding differed significantly between the fenbendazole and ivermectin groups and between the ivermectin and combined-treatment groups. In conclusion, both fenbendazole and ivermectin are effective anthelmintics in treating Trichuris spp. infection in African green monkeys. All treatment groups showed significant reductions in FEC when compared with baseline counts and control animals; however, fenbendazole may be more effective than ivermectin when used solely or in combination with other anthelmintic treatments.

Efficacy of Imagery and Meditation Techniques in Treating Psoriasis

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Gaston ◽  
Jean-Charles Crombez ◽  
Jacques Joly ◽  
Sheilagh Hodgins ◽  
Marc Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Series Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Using a dismantled time-series design, eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to three groups: meditation ( N = 5); meditation and imagery ( N = 4); waiting list ( N = 5). Treatment lasted twelve weeks, while pre- and post-baseline periods were of four weeks. An assessment control group control was also used during baseline periods ( N = 4). The severity of psoriasis symptoms was reliably rated by dermatologists. While controlling for extraneous factors influencing psoriasis symptoms, a time-series multivariate regression analysis revealed a significant difference between the mean psoriasis ratings of treatment and control groups after treatment (partial r = .30, p < .01). No additional impact was associated with the use of the imagery technique (partial r = − .06, p > .05). Four subjects in the treatment groups, two in each condition, succeeded in clinically improving their psoriasis symptoms, and none deteriorated. The practice of mediation may be clinically effective for some patients in reducing their psoriasis symptoms.

scholarly journals Estrus Induction and Fertility Response following Ovsynch Alone and Ovsynch plus PRID Protocol in Postpartum Anestrus Surti buffaloes

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Khasatiya ◽  
H. R. Savani ◽  
Swati Saxena ◽  
M. D. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

The study was undertaken to find out the estrus induction and conception rate in 18 postpartum anestrus Surti buffaloes divided equally into three groups and treated with Ovsynch protocol alone and in combination with PRID, keeping one group as control. The use of Ovsynch alone and Ovsynch + PRID protocols with fixed-time artificial insemination resulted in 100% estrus induction with 66.66% and 50.00% conception rate at induced estrus, respectively, and the overall conception rate was 83.33% in both the groups. In untreated anestrus control (n=6), only four (66.66%) buffaloes exhibited spontaneous estrus within 120 days of follow-up and conceived giving the first service and overall conception rate as 75.00% and 66.66%, respectively. The mean number of services per conception did not differ significantly among the treatment and control groups. The service periods of buffaloes under both the treatment groups were significantly (p less than 0.05) shorter (57.00±2.81 and 61.20±3.11 days) than the control group (104.00±20.22 days). Thus, the Ovsynch and Ovsynch + PRID protocol can be successfully used to induce fertile estrus in postpartum anestrus buffaloes.

scholarly journals Postoperative analgesia effects of sulfentanyl plus dexmedetomidine in patients received VATS

Pteridines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Haoyu Jiang ◽  
Ying Zheng ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Ying Bao
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Intravenous Analgesia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Time Point

AbstractBackground To evaluate sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on postoperative analgesia in patients who received video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and its effects on serum norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and prostaglandin (PGE2).Material and Methods Ninety-nine non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received VATS were included in the study. All the patients received intravenous inhalation compound anesthesia. Of the 99 cases, 49 subjects (control group) received sulfentanyl for patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PICA) and other 50 cases (experiment group) received sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for PICA after operation of VATS. The analgesic effects of the two groups were evaluated according to Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and the Bruggrmann Comfort Scale (BCS). The serum pain mediator of NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 were examined and compared between the two groups in the first 24 h post-surgery.Results The VAS scores for the experiment group were significant lower than that of control group on the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h post-surgery (pall<0.05), and the BCS scores of the experiment group in the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h were significantly higher than that of controls (p<0.05). However, the VAS and BCS scores were not statistical differently in the time point of 1, 2, and 4 h post-surgery (pall>0.05). The mean sulfentanyl dosage was 63.01 ± 5.14 μg and 67.12 ± 6.91 μg for the experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The mean analgesic pump pressing times were 4.30 ± 1.31 and 5.31 ± 1.46 for experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 levels were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to that of control group in the time point of 12 h post-surgery (pall<0.05). The side effects of nausea, vomiting, delirium, rash, and hypotension atrial fibrillation were not statistically different between the two groups (pall>0.05).Conclusion Patient controlled intravenous analgesia of sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride was effective in reducing the VAS score and serum pain mediators in NSCLC patients who received VAST.

The Baby Shark (Songs Heard Affecting Resuscitation Kinetics) study

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2020-000657
Author(s):  
Rebecca Singer ◽  
Grace Leo ◽  
Tessa Davis ◽  
Ben Lawton ◽  
Henry Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Target Zone ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
And Control ◽  
Musical Cues

Previous research has examined the utilisation of musical cues to improve the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delivered in training environments. We postulated a musical cue that is both contemporary and transcends cultures may improve CPR performance. Our aim was to establish whether chest compressions are performed with improved rate and depth if a song of a fixed beat (PinkFong’s ‘Baby Shark’ with a tempo of 115 beats per minute (bpm) and 15 beats in each verse) is played to a healthcare professional immediately before undertaking CPR compared to whale noises (a non-metronomic rhythm). 58 Participants of a paediatric conference (majority doctors) were randomly assigned to listen to a minute of Baby Shark (28) or whale song (30) and then undertake a minute of CPR. There was no significant difference in the mean compression rate between the Baby Shark and control groups, with the groups achieving 121 and 125 bpm, respectively (p=0.18). In relation to compression depth within the target zone, the Baby Shark group had more compressions completed within the target zone (55%) than the control group (39%) although this difference was not significant (p=0.08). Listening to Baby Shark prior to undertaking simulated CPR does not improve overall performance, but there is a potential tendency to improve adequate compression depth which may be beneficial in training exercises.

Abstract 14768: Echocardiographic Strain Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients With Chemotherapy Induced Cardiomyopathy

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima M Ezzeddine ◽  
Antoine N Saliba ◽  
Vaibhav Jain ◽  
Hector R Villarraga ◽  
Joerg Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Left Ventricular Strain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Several chemotherapy agents, especially anthracyclines, are associated with the development of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. When chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy (CHIC) is associated with left bundle branch block (QRS >150 ms) and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 35% or lower, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is often utilized to improve cardiac function and relieve symptoms. Hypothesis: CRT is associated with improvement in left ventricular strain in patients with CHIC. Methods: The study included 22 patients with CHIC and 44 age- and gender-matched controls with other types of NIC who underwent CRT implantation between 2004 and 2017. LVEF, left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), systolic strain rate (SRS), and early diastolic strain rate (SRE) were assessed at baseline and 6-18 months after CRT. CRT response was defined as LVEF improvement by >5% after CRT. Results: CRT responders had a significant improvement in left ventricular GLS as compared to CRT non-responders in the control group, but not in the CHIC group (Table 1). The mean change in LVEF after CRT was similar between the CHIC and control groups (10 ± 10% versus 11 ± 11%, p= 0.67). The mean change in GLS after CRT was also similar between the two groups (-2.15 ± 4.32 versus -3.57 ± 4.02, p= 0.19). The proportion of patients whose LVEF increased by more than 5% was similar between the two groups (59% in the CHIC group versus 68% in the control group, p= 0.46). The mean changes in LV myocardial systolic and early diastolic strain rates were similar between the CHIC and control groups. Mean SRS decreased by 0.13 ± 0.14 in the CHIC group and by 0.34 ± 1.28 in the control group (p=0.45). Mean SRE increased by 0.06 ± 0.18 in the CHIC group and by 0.07 ± 0.22 in the control group (p=0.86). Conclusions: CRT is associated with improvement in left ventricular strain in patients with CHIC. Prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the echocardiographic strain outcomes of CRT in CHIC.

scholarly journals Effect of Whole Quail (Coturnix japonica) Egg Consumption on some Reproductive Parameters and Lipid Profile of Male Albino Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie N. OKOYE ◽  
Samuel O. EKERE ◽  
Onyinyechukwu A. AGINA ◽  
Ikechukwu J. UDEANI ◽  
Chukwunonso K. EZEASOR
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

The present study evaluated the effect of whole egg consumption on the liver, testes, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and lipid profile of male rats. These evaluations were carried out on adult twenty (20) male albino rats, which were randomly selected into four groups of 5 rats each, designated groups A, B, C and D. Group A was the control group and received only equivalent volume of distilled water, while groups B, C and D received 0.25mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg; and 1.0mg/kg body weight of the quail egg respectively. Standard procedures were carried out in the tissue processing, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and in lipid profile determinations. On days 35 and 49, the mean serum total cholesterol value of group D was significantly lower than that of the control group. On day 35, the mean serum low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL cholesterol) values of all the treatment groups were significantly lower and higher than that of the control group, respectively. However, on days 49 and 63, the mean serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL cholesterol) and triglyceride values of all the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. A significant increase in cadual epididymal sperm count (CESR) was recorded on day 63 at the mid and high doses. No obvious pathological lesions were observed in the histomorphology of the testes and liver when compared to the control. Therefore, whole quail egg consumption caused an increase in serum triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein concentration, and also improved fertility. In other words, prolonged consumption of quail egg should be done with caution as it may predispose one to cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Association Between Lifestyle and Hypertension in Patients Referred to Health Care Centers of Ilam City in 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shafieyan ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Babak Rastegari Mehr ◽  
Mohammad Mahboubi ◽  
Aziz Rezapour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Growth Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Care Centers

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION: </strong>Lifestyle is referred to an individual’s healthy and unhealthy behaviors that can affect their health statues. The present study aim was association between lifestyle and hypertension in patients referred to healthcare centers of Ilam city in 2014.</p><p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS:</strong> This research study was a case-control study. The data were collected through a standard questionnaire of health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLPII) as well as the researcher’s direct visit to the health care centers in the city of Ilam. After the questionnaires were collected and classified, the data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, T-Tests and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The mean and the standard deviation of the age of the main and the control groups were 57.1 (2.22) and 56.5 (2.99) years old, respectively. 10.9%of the control group and 25.5. % of the cases was smoking cigarettes or hookah. The results of the data analysis showed that the mean scores obtained by the main and the control groups on measures of physical activity, psychological growth, stress and total lifestyleare significantly different, so that the obtained score in the dimensions in patients with hypertension was significantly lower than the score obtained among the healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>According to the results it seems that educational interventions in the field of healthy lifestyle for individuals with hypertension risk can have an effect on controlling this disease and reducing its incidence.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document