Scent and Mood State following an Anxiety-Provoking Task

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 707-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Burnett ◽  
Lisa A. Solterbeck ◽  
Chehalis M. Strapp
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of water, lavender, or rosemary scent on physiology and mood state following an anxiety-provoking task. The nonsmoking participants, ages 18–30 years, included 42 women and 31 men who reported demographic information and measures of external temperature and heart rate were taken prior to introduction of an anxiety-eliciting task and exposure to lavender, rosemary, or water scents. Following the task, participants completed the Profile of Mood States to assess mood, and temperature and heart rate were reassessed. Participants rated the pleasantness of the scent received. When pleasantness ratings of scent were covaried, physiological changes in temperature and heart rate did not differ based on scent exposure, but mood ratings differed by scent condition. Participants in the rosemary condition scored higher on measures of tension–anxiety and confusion–bewilderment relative to the lavender and control conditions. The lavender and control conditions showed higher mean vigor–activity ratings relative to the rosemary group, while both rosemary and lavender scents were associated with lower mean ratings on the fatigue–inertia subscale, relative to the control group. These results suggest that, when individual perception of scent pleasantness is controlled, scent has the potential to moderate different aspects of mood following an anxiety-provoking task.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Mood of Adult Women

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Maroulakis ◽  
Yannis Zervas
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Exercising Women

The purpose of the present study was threefold, to examine (a) whether participation in an aerobics class produces an enhancement in the mood state of exercising women, (b) whether any effects persist 24 hours later, and (c) whether exercising in the morning or in the afternoon leads to differential effects. 99 women, aged 19 to 55 years, participated. Of 77 members of a fitness club who formed the treatment group, 28 exercised in the morning and 49 in the afternoon. The control group consisted of 22 nonexercising female clerks. The Profile of Mood States was administered just prior to and immediately after an aerobics class, as well as approximately 24 hours later. Members of the control group completed the Profile at their workplaces, following an identical time pattern. Analysis indicated a significant beneficial effect of exercise at both times of day on all dimensions of mood. 24 hours later, mood scores had not fully regressed to pre-exercise levels. The control group's over-all mood profile was poorer and their responses remained basically unaltered across administrations.

Psychological Mood State in “Average” Marathon Runners

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Gondola ◽  
Bruce W. Tuckman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Psychological Mood

A comparison of 348 average or nonelite marathon runners to 856 college students on the Profile of Mood States showed that runners, both men and women, described themselves as significantly less tense, less depressed, less fatigued, less confused, more vigorous and equally angry. Various theories of physiological changes thought to accompany running are offered as explanations.

scholarly journals Depression: The Effects of Vibrational Frequency Measured Through Darkfield Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mood State ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Depression Measurement ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Treatment Table

This study was conducted to determine the effects of sound vibration on individuals with depression. The study also examined changes to the blood cells as observed through live blood analysis when the intervention of vibratory frequencies ranged from 64Hz to 600Hz. Variables consisted of a time frame of one hour of control group (n=17) listening to music from the position of a chair in a contained room, and experimental group (n=27) positioned on a sound vibrational treatment table. The random study was conducted on 7 males and 37 females with a minimal six-month diagnosis of depression. Measurement was accomplished through evaluation of live blood analysis level of aggregation and Profile of Mood States questionnaire for depression. A drop of blood from a finger puncture was obtained and examined through Darkfield microscopy for specific quality and level of visible clumping. Post blood analysis determined less clumping and healthier activity of the cells after intervention in the experimental group. The live blood analysis of the control group remained unchanged. Profile of Mood States for Depression indicated there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Results indicated an increase in mood state from the use of music and blood aggregation was reduced only with the sound vibrational treatment table.

scholarly journals Cardiac Parasympathetic Withdrawal and Sympathetic Activity: Effect of Heat Exposure on Heart Rate Variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5934
Author(s):  
Oriol Abellán-Aynés ◽  
Pedro Manonelles ◽  
Fernando Alacid
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
And Control

(1) Background: Research on heart rate variability has increased in recent years and the temperature has not been controlled in some studies assessing repeated measurements. This study aimed to analyze how heart rate variability may change based on environmental temperature during measurement depending on parasympathetic and sympathetic activity variations. (2) Methods: A total of 22 volunteers participated in this study divided into an experimental (n = 12) and control group (n = 10). Each participant was assessed randomly under two different environmental conditions for the experimental group (19 °C and 35 °C) and two identical environmental conditions for the control group (19 °C). During the procedure, heart rate variability measurements were carried out for 10 min. (3) Results: Significantly changes were observed for time and frequency domains as well as Poincaré plot variables after heat exposure (p < 0.05). These findings were not observed in the control group, whose conditions between measurements did not change. (4) Conclusions: The reduction of heart rate variability due to exposure to hot conditions appears to be produced mostly by a parasympathetic withdrawal rather than a sympathetic activation. Therefore, if consecutive measurements have to be carried out, these should always be done under the same temperature conditions.

Studying Subjective Well-Being during a Quarantine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Browning ◽  
E. Scott Geller
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychology Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

To investigate the impact of writing a gratitude letter on particular mood states, we asked students in two university classes (a research class and a positive psychology class) to complete a 15-item mood assessment survey (MAS) twice a day (once in the morning and once at night). The research students who signed up for one or two pass/fail field-study credits in a research class also completed the MAS twice a day, but they did not write the weekly gratitude letter that was expected from the students in the positive psychology class. Each mood state was averaged per each day for the participants in each group and compared between the Gratitude Group and the Control Group. No group difference occurred for some mood states like “incompetent,” but for the “unmotivated” mood state, a significant difference was found. To investigate the potential effect of weekday, we compared the average mood rating between groups for each day of the week. For the mood state of “unmotivated”, a remarkable dip occurred on Wednesday for the Gratitude group, but not for the Control group. These results indicated that writing a gratitude letter increased the benefactor’s motivation, especially on the day when it was accomplished.

A SCIENTIFIC STUDY ON LOW AND MODERATE LEVEL OF INTENSE CIRCUIT TRAINING ON SELECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETER AMONG ELITE FEMALE ATHLETES

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
S. Shanthi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Physiological Parameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Criterion Variable ◽  
Circuit Training ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a scientic study on low and medium level of intense circuit training on selected physiological parameter among elite female athletes. To achieve the purpose of the study thirty female athletes were selected from Erode District, Tamilnadu, India during the year 2021. The subject’s age ranges from 21 to 25 years. The selected subjects were divided into two equal groups consists of 15 subjects each namely experimental group and control group. The experimental group underwent a combined low and medium level of intensity circuit training programme for eight weeks. The control group was not taking part in any training during the course of the study. Resting heart rate was taken as criterion variable in this study. The selected subjects were tested on resting heart rate was measured through heart rate monitor. Pre-test was taken before the training period and post- test was measured immediately after the eight week training period. Statistical technique‘t’ ratio was used to analyse the means of the pre-test and post test data of experimental group and control group. The results revealed that there was a signicant difference found on the criterion variable. The difference is found due to combined low and medium level of intensity circuit training given to the experimental group on heart rate when compared to control group.

Psychophysiologic responses of mechanically ventilated patients to music: a pilot study

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
LL Chlan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated Patients ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ventilated Patients

BACKGROUND: Although mechanically ventilated patients experience numerous stressors, they have not been included in music therapy stress reduction and relaxation studies. OBJECTIVE: To examine selected psychophysiologic responses of mechanically ventilated patients to music. METHODS: A two-group experimental design with pretest, posttest, and repeated measures was used. Twenty mechanically ventilated patients were randomized to a music-listening group or a nonmusic (headphones only) group. Physiologic dependent measures--heart rate and rhythm, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and airway pressure--were collected at timed intervals. Psychologic data were collected before and after intervention using the Profile of Mood States. RESULTS: Using repeated measures analysis of variance, results for heart rate and respiratory rate over time and over time between groups were significant. Between-group differences were significant for respiratory rate. Significant differences were found via t test for the music group's Profile of Mood States scores. No adverse cardiovascular responses were noted for either group. CONCLUSIONS: Data indicated that music listening decreased heart rate, respiratory rate, and Profile of Mood States scores, indicating relaxation and mood improvement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Traditional Opposition Games on University Students' Mood States: The Score and Group Type as Key Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Isabel Cifo Izquierdo ◽  
Verónica Alcaraz-Muñoz ◽  
Gemma Maria Gea-García ◽  
Juan Luis Yuste-Lucas ◽  
José Ignacio Alonso Roque
Keyword(s):  
Mood State ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Same Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Mixed Groups

Playing traditional games has a direct impact on the mood states of the players, and this is the reason why physical education is an ideal setting for teaching how to recognize them and be aware about how they can swing. The objective of the study was to determine if participating in traditional opposition games causes changes to the participants' mood states. A total of 102 students participated. Each participant recorded the intensity of the mood state experienced at the beginning and at the end of the sessions, using the validated Profile of Mood States (POMS) instrument. The pedagogical experience was planned as 4 sessions with 6 and 5 opposition games each: (a) with competition in mixed groups, equally and unequally mixed; (b) without competition in mixed groups, equally and unequally mixed; (c) with competition in same-gender groups; and (d) without competition in same-gender groups. When comparing the different mood states according to session (with or without competition), the mood states of the depression, fatigue, and vigor dimensions were significantly different (p &lt; 0.05), with higher scores in the sessions with competition for the mood states of vigor (Mcompetition = 7.27 and Mno_competition = 3.10) and fatigue (Mcompetition = 4.08 and Mno_competition = 1.80). Also, when comparing the mood states depending on session grouping and group type, the results showed differences in the scores obtained for the dimensions fatigue and anger, and general mood state (p &lt; 0.05). These differences were found at the start of the session and at the end, with the dimension fatigue being the only one with differences in both situations when comparing the same-gender, equally-mixed, and unequally-mixed groups for the two types of traditional opposition games compared. In addition, after an analysis of the mood states depending on gender was performed, the results and therefore the significant differences found, were very similar to those obtained according to group type. Lastly, it was concluded that the type of group (equal, mixed &amp; same gender), and gender were decisive, causing variations in the mood states of the students. This provides valuable information for teaching professionals about the structuring and organization of PE sessions, aiming to promoting positive motor experiences.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of trimetazidine treatment for cardiomyopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Fan ◽  
Zhaozhuo Niu ◽  
Liqing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
And Control

To explore the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) in cardiomyopathy treatment. Literatures, related with TMZ treatment for cardiomyopathy, were retrieved between 1990 and February 2018 in the Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library systems. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing [resting heart rate (RHR), peak heart rate (PHR), peak systolic blood pressure (PSBP), and resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP)] and echocardiographic results [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), systolic wall thickening score index (SWTSI), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD)] were merged to detect the publication bias. Total 898 patients with cardiomyopathy were divided into two groups: TMZ-treated group (n=456) and control group (n=442). There was no difference in the improvement of cardiomyopathy between the TMZ and control group. No publication bias was shown for PHR (t= 0.9791, P=0.5067). There were significant differences in LVEF, LVESV, SWTSI, LVESD, and LVEDD between the TMZ group and the control group. TMZ-treatment significantly increased the level of LVEF (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.46–7.84, P<0.001), and reduced the level of LVESV (95% CI: −18.73 to −7.77, P<0.001), SWTSI (95% CI: −0.47 to −0.15, Z = −3.85, P=0.001), LVESD (95% CI: −1.09 to −0.08, P<0.001), and LVEDD (95% CI: −0.55 to −0.26, P=0.023). There was no publication bias except for LVEDV (t = 2.5456, P=0.0438). TMZ is effective for cardiomyopathy treatment and worth to popularize in clinic.

scholarly journals The safety of beta-blocker use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with respiratory failure in the intensive care unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feyza Kargin ◽  
Huriye Berk Takir ◽  
Cuneyt Salturk ◽  
Nezihe Ciftaslan Goksenoglu ◽  
Can Yucel Karabay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rate Limiting

Background: The safety of beta-blockers as a heart rate-limiting drug (HRLD) in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) due to chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) has not been properly assessed in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. This study aims to compare the use of beta-blocker drugs relative to non-beta-blocker ones in COPD patients with ARF due to heart rate-limiting with respect to length of ICU stay and mortality. Methods: We performed a retrospective (January 2011-December 2012) case-control study in a level III ICU in a teaching hospital. It was carried out in a closed ICU by the same intensivists. All COPD patients with ARF who were treated with beta-blockers (case group) and non-beta-blocker HRLDs (control group) were included. Their demographics, reason for HRLD, cause of ARF, comorbidities, ICU data including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) score, type of ventilation, heart rate, and lengths of ICU and hospital stays were collected. The mortality rates in the ICU, the hospital, and over 30 days were also recorded. Results: We enrolled 188 patients (46 female, n = 74 and n = 114 for the case and control groups, respectively). Reasons for HRLD (case and control group, respectively) were atrial fibrillation (AF, 23% and 50%), and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT, 41.9% and 54.4%). Patients’ characteristics, APACHE II score, heart rate, duration and type of ventilation, and median length of ICU-hospital stay were similar between the groups. The mortality outcomes in the ICU, hospital, and 30 days after discharge in the case and control groups were 17.6% versus 15.8% (p > 0.75); 18.9% versus 19.3% (p > 0.95) and 20% versus 11% (p > 0.47), respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that beta-blocker use for heart rate control in COPD patients with ARF is associated with similar ICU stay length and mortality compared with COPD patients treated with other HRLDs.

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