scholarly journals Congenital limb defects in a married female population of the Rahim Yar Khan District in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Hafiza Fizzah Riaz ◽  
Sajid Malik
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limb Defects ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Congenital Limb ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Married Female

Abstract Background Congenital limb defects (CLD) have a range of phenotypes and can be a substantial cause of disability. The prevalence of CLD in the adult population of Pakistan is not well described. Objectives To investigate the prevalence of CLD and their associated factors in a married female population of the Rahim Yar Khan (RYK) District in Pakistan. Methods A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 4 tehsils of RYK District, and married women and girls from 22 different localities were enrolled by convenience sampling in public places and through door-to-door visits. Data regarding limb phenotype and demographic variables were obtained from participants. Results We enrolled 2,204 married women and girls. We found 11 participants with CLD suggesting a prevalence of 4.99/1,000 (proportion: 0.005; 95% confidence interval [CI] <0.001–0.01). Polydactyly was the most frequent (n = 5; prevalence: 2.27/1,000), followed by others in the following sequence: brachydactyly (n = 4; prevalence: 1.81/1,000), camptodactyly (n = 1; prevalence: 0.45/1,000), and oligodactyly (n = 1; prevalence: 0.45/1,000). The odds of occurrence of CLD were higher in individuals originating from Khanpur tehsil (odds ratio [OR] 2.05; 95% CI 0.37–11.27), speaking languages other than Punjabi and Saraiki (OR 2.35; 95% CI 0.24–22.80), belonging to Araien caste (OR 2.35; 95% CI: 0.24–22.80), of a nuclear family (OR 3.35; 95% CI 0.79–16.97), or having parental consanguinity (OR 1.87; 95% CI 0.49–7.06). Conclusion Preliminary estimate of CLD prevalence in the married female sample population in RYK appears high compared with estimates from birth defects registries in other countries.

scholarly journals Study on depression among elderly people in an urban slum of Raichur

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Ganganapalli ◽  
Sujatha N. ◽  
Bhaskar Kurre
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Globally, more than 300 million people of all ages suffer from depression. With an ageing population, depression among the elderly is likely to increase in the coming years, with higher prevalence among the elderly people than that in the general adult population. This study was intended to know the prevalence of depression and factors associated with depression among elderly people.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of Navodaya Medical College, Raichur. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to interview the elderly person, after taking verbal consent. Depression was assessed using geriatric depression scale (short version). The study duration was from 1st September 2018 – 31st December, 2018 with 360 sample size.Results: Out of 360 elderly people, the prevalence of depression was found to be 31.4 %. The prevalence of depression was more in females 31.9% (63 out of 197). Significant association of depression was noted with age, socio-economic status, marital status, type of family, education and occupation with p<0.05.Conclusions: Around 1/3rd of the study participants were found to be suffering from depression. Depression was significantly associated with age, illiteracy, nuclear family, dependent on family members. Family support to the elderly population may prevent depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight Among Adult Women of A Metropolitan

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashmita Nepal ◽  
Urusha Karki ◽  
Lisasha Poudel ◽  
Bibek Rajbhandari ◽  
Shreejana Wagle
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population

Introduction: Globally, Overweight has reached epidemic proportions. It is an excessiveaccumulation of fat that may impair health. Overweight and obesity area major contributor tothe global burden of non-communicable disease. The prevalence of overweight is commonlyassessed by using Body Mass Index (BMI), where overweight is indicated by BMI greater orequal to 25. Overall, about 13% of the world’s adult population was obese in 2016, among themwomen were more affected than men. Overall,female population is higher than male in Nepaland concentrating on Kaski district female population are significantly more than that of maleas per population census of 2011. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence ofoverweight among adult women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted among calculated samplesize of 185 adult women of Lekhnath Metropolitian of Kaski district, over six months’ period.Sampling technique was proportionate random sampling. Ethical approval was taken fromInstitutional Review Board (Ref no. 40/74/75). Anthropometric measurement was taken tocalculate BMI. Collected data was entered in Epi data, which was then exported to SPSS version20 for further analysis. Descriptive statistics was reported for demographic, socio-economic andvarious overweight related factors of the respondents as frequencies and percentage. Results: Out of 185 adult women, 69 (37.3%) of them were overweight, 30 (16.2%) of them wereobese, and central obesity was seen among 97 (52.4%) women at 95% C.I. Conclusions: The finding of this study shows prevalence of overweight and obesity was high.Regular Physical exercise and balanced diet should be followed to prevent overweight and noncommunicable diseases.

scholarly journals Prescription Practice for Diabetes Management among a Female Population in Primary Health Care

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia A. ALHreashy ◽  
Abdulelah F. Mobierek
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Prescription Practice

Introduction. Prescription for diabetes care is an important practice in primary care. Methods. This is a descriptive study carried out on at primary care clinics over a five-month period at Al Imam Medical Complex, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It was cross-sectional study of 160 female diabetic patients, who visited the services between January and May, 2012. Data were collected from the medical records on the clinical characteristics and drugs prescribed for their diabetic management. Results. The majority of the sample population (82%) was older than 40 years old. Half of them had concomitant hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. There were 500 prescriptions for diabetes management. More than 57% of participants were on two or more drugs for hyperglycemia. Metformin was the most common drug prescribed. Metformin and sulphonylurea were the most common combined medications. Most of cases ( 70%) were on a combination of antihypertensive drugs. ACE or ARBs and diuretic was the most common combined prescriptions. Statins and aspirin were used by 41% and 23.8% of the research population, respectively. Conclusion. Polypharmacy is a feature in diabetes care. Most of the prescription practice for diabetic care follows the recommended guidelines for hyperglycemia and hypertension. Management of dyslipidemia among diabetic patients, however, is an area that needs to be developed.

scholarly journals Community Based Cross- Sectional Study to Assess the Utilization Pattern of Antenatal Health Care Services among Married Women of Reproductive Age Group in a Rural Area of Bihar

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. CM01-CM03
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Vimal ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services

Background: ANC services is important to ensure safe motherhood. The present study was conducted to assess the utilization of ANC services in rural area.Subjects and Methods:The present study was community based cross-sectional in nature conducted upon 180 currently married women having children of less than one year of age and living in the area covered by rural training center of the institute. Sociodemographic profile and details of utilization of ANC services were noted.Results:Most of the respondents belonged to the age group of 20-30 years. 37.2% of them were illiterate and 58.9% lived in nuclear family. 53.9% had institutional delivery and 42.2% had more than two children. 42.8% of mothers registered their pregnancy before 12 weeks. Only 17.2% mothers had four or more ANC visits. 87.2% of them were fully immunized against tetanus but only 11.1% consumed 100 or more IFA tablets. Lack of awareness was responsible in 28.2%, lack of transport in 16.8%, unwillingness in 34.2% and other reasons in 20.8% cases among the mothers not utilizing ANC services properly.Conclusion: Utilization of ANC services is poor in this area.

scholarly journals Unmet Need of Family Planning Among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Areas of Manikganj District

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh Uddin ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Jewel
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: Introduction: Bangladesh has impressive gains in indicators related to population and family planning. Therefore, the unmet need for family planning should be addressed with utmost importance. Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted at four villages of Saturia Upazilla of Manikganj district to find out unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age including the status of contraceptive use and obstacles toward using family planning methods. The duration of study was from November 2017 to March 2018. The sample size was 480 in number. Results: In the study, 87.5% respondents were Muslims. Regarding level of education 18.75% of the respondents was illiterate, 22.19% of the respondents completed their primary education and 31.35% passed the secondary school certificate Examination. Most of the respondents (92.92%) were housewives. Out of 480 families, 51% belongs to nuclear family. 23.13% of the respondents had income below 10,000 Tk. and about 27.50% had an income more than 20,000 Tk. Among 480 respondents, 42.06% had 2 living children and about 33.78% had a single child. 89.17% of the respondents knew about contraceptive method. OCP was the most preferred method among 57.62% respondents. 61% respondents were using contraceptive method. The reason for not using any contraceptive method were fear of side effects (28.03%), eager to conceive (13.63%), and non-co-operative attitude of the husband (7.58%). In this study 58.13% respondents had the knowledge about permanent method of contraception. Conclusion: Family planning is more of a health necessity than an option. Though family planning program has remarkable success over the past decade, but still there is unmet need. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 23-27

scholarly journals A harmful religio-cultural practice (Chhaupadi) during menstruation among adolescent girls in Nepal: Prevalence and policies for eradication

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256968
Author(s):  
Dipendra S. Thakuri ◽  
Roshan K. Thapa ◽  
Samikshya Singh ◽  
Geha N. Khanal ◽  
Resham B. Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Women And Girls

Background Chhaupadi is a deeply rooted tradition and a centuries-old harmful religio-cultural practice. Chhaupadi is common in some parts of Karnali and Sudurpaschim Provinces of western Nepal, where women and girls are considered impure, unclean, and untouchable in the menstrual period or immediately following childbirth. In Chhaupadi practice, women and girls are isolated from a range of daily household chores, social events and forbidden from touching other people and objects. Chhaupadi tradition banishes women and girls into menstruation huts’, or Chhau huts or livestock sheds to live and sleep. These practices are guided by existing harmful beliefs and practices in western Nepal, resulting in poor menstrual hygiene and poor physical and mental health outcomes. This study examined the magnitude of Chhaupadi practice and reviewed the existing policies for Chhaupadi eradication in Nepal. Methods We used both quantitative survey and qualitative content analysis of the available policies. First, a quantitative cross-sectional survey assessed the prevalence of Chhaupadi among 221 adolescent girls in Mangalsen Municipality of Achham district. Second, the contents of prevailing policies on Chhaupadi eradication were analysed qualitatively using the policy cube framework. Results The current survey revealed that most adolescent girls (84%) practised Chhaupadi in their most recent menstruation. The Chhaupadi practice was high if the girls were aged 15–17 years, born to an illiterate mother, and belonged to a nuclear family. Out of the girls practising Chhaupadi, most (86%) reported social and household activities restrictions. The policy content analysis of identified higher-level policy documents (constitution, acts, and regulations) have provisioned financial resources, ensured independent monitoring mechanisms, and had judiciary remedial measures. However, middle (policies and plans) and lower-level (directives) documents lacked adequate budgetary commitment and independent monitoring mechanisms. Conclusion Chhaupadi remains prevalent in western Nepal and has several impacts to the health of adolescent girls. Existing policy mechanisms lack multilevel (individual, family, community, subnational and national) interventions, including financial and monitoring systems for Chhaupadi eradication. Eradicating Chhaupadi practice requires a robust multilevel implementation mechanism at the national and sub-national levels, including adequate financing and accountable systems up to the community level.

scholarly journals Unmet need of contraceptives amongst the married women of reproductive age group: a study in a coastal belt of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Palas Dutta ◽  
Sumon Chandra Debnath ◽  
Kinkar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Coastal Belt

This cross-sectional study was conducted with an objective to assess the unmet need of contraceptives among married women of reproductive age at Assasuni Upazila (coastal area) in Satkhira District during the period from January to December 2016. A total of 222 participants (married women) were included in the study. The mean (± SD) age of the respondents was 27.9 ± 6.2 years and about half (45.9%) of the respondent’s marriage age were between 15 and 17 years. Most of the (85.6%) women were housewives and more than half (50.9%) belongs to a nuclear family. Most of the respondents (94.6%) were not currently pregnant and about one-fourth (25.7%) of them experienced with previous pregnancies. About ninety percent of the outcomes of last pregnancy were live-births. More than two-thirds (80.2%) were using contraceptives. More than two-fifth of the respondents was using the oral pill and 17.6% of their husband’s using condoms as a contraceptive. Among 222 respondents, 13.5% had the unmet need of contraceptives. Unmet need comprises who were not using any method of contraception due to husband’s opposition, did not know, opposition from other family members and no menstruation after last childbirth, (6.3%, 5.0%, 1.3% and 0.9%, respectively). Unmet need of contraceptive is high despite an extensive family planning program in Bangladesh. It is necessary for the governments to come up with strategies, which can reduce unmet needs of contraceptive, especially among coastal area. Bangladesh Med J. 2018 Jan; 47 (1): 37-40

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of ocular morbidities in age group of 20 year and above at field practice area of rural health training center: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1481
Author(s):  
Rupali R. Rajput ◽  
Shashikant R. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Ocular Morbidity

Background: Ocular morbid conditions are responsible for partial or total blindness. Blindness due to ocular morbidities with its economic and social consequences represents a serious public health problem in different region of the world. According to the World Health Organization; 285 million people are estimated to be visually impaired worldwide: 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision. The study has to be done to determine the prevalence of blindness and common ocular morbidities in age groups of 20 years and above and to study the distribution patterns of ocular morbidities among different socio-demographic conditions.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to find the prevalence of blindness and other ocular morbidities among adult population of 20 years and above, and also to study determinants of ocular morbidities.Results: Prevalence of blindness was found to be (2.33%) and prevalence for ocular morbidities was found to be (36.84%) in the population with a marginal higher prevalence in females (38.72%) as compared to the males (34.98%).In present study, out of 600 study subject, 221 (36.84%) suffered ocular morbidities. The major cause of morbidities was refractive errors (53.39%), followed by cataract (35.74%), conjunctivitis (1.80%). The prevalence of ocular morbidities in the age group 20-29 year was 11.12%, then it increases significantly (p<0.01) with advancing age to 74.21% in the age group of ≥60 years.Conclusions: Increasing age showed increasing prevalence of ocular morbidity. Widows/widower, Hindu religion, Individuals from nuclear family, skilled worker showed higher prevalence of ocular morbidity.

Reproductive pattern among women in 19th century Sweden

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Högberg ◽  
Sune Åkerman
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Pattern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Married Female

SummaryAmong the married female population in rural areas of 19th century Sweden infertility and subfertility were found in 7·5% and 6·1% respectively with increasing incidence during the latter half of the century. In relation to the age group 20–24, fecundity declined by 42% and 92% in the age groups 35–39 and 40–45 respectively. One-third of married women died before age 50. Re-marriages and step-parents were common. Less than half of the married women brought up the majority of the children in the community.

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