VISUALIZATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATA IN PURPOSE OF QUALITATIVE CLASSIFICATION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF COAL / WIZUALIZACJA WIELOWYMIAROWYCH DANYCH W CELU KLASYFIKACJI JAKOŚCIOWEJ RÓŻNYCH TYPÓW WĘGLA

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1317-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Niedoba ◽  
Dariusz Jamróz
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Classification

Abstract Coal as energetic raw material features by many parameters determining its quality. In classification of coal types there are many of them with typical division of energetic, semi-coking and coking coal. The data concerning coal are usually treated as independent values while this kind of approach is not always right. Authors proposed new solutions in this aspect and performed the multidimensional analysis of three selected types of coal featuring by various properties which originated from three various hard coal mines located in Upper Silesia Region. The object of the research was so-called raw coal which was not processed before. For each type of coal the detailed statistical analysis of seven chosen properties of coal was performed. To perform adequate and complete statistical analysis it is necessary to analyze the chosen properties of coal together in multidimensional way. It was decided to apply new and modern visualizing methods of multidimensional data which were observational tunnels method and parallel coordinates method. The applied methods allowed to obtain visualization of seven-dimensional data describing coal. By means of these visualizations it was possible to observe the significant division of the features space between researched types of coal. These methods allowed to look at the investigated data from various perspectives and make possible to determine significant differences between researched materials. For the investigated coals such differences were determined clearly what proved that by means of these methods it is possible to successfully identify type of coal as well to analyze in details its individual properties and identify, for example, particle size fraction etc. The obtained results are innovative and are the basis for more detailed researches taking into consideration also other coal properties, including its structure and texture. This methodology can be also applied successfully for other types of raw materials, like ores.

scholarly journals The Status and the Role of ‘Chocolate’ Silicite in the Bohemian Neolithic

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Pavel Burgert
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Status ◽  
Czech Lands ◽  
Image Expansion

The article focuses on the chronological status of the distribution of ‘chocolate’ silicite originating from the area of south-east Poland in the prehistory of the Czech lands. The flow of ‘chocolate’ silicite across the Carpathian Mountains culminated in the period of the Stroke-Ornamented Ware culture (5100/5000–4500/4400 cal BC) in the area studied. Based on the analysis of the contexts of finds and the classification of the artefacts, the raw material is interpreted as an indicator of the presence of individuals or groups with an exclusive social status. Both the pattern of distribution and the status are common to other ‘exotic’ raw materials, especially for Carpathian obsidian, in the studied area in that same period. By comparing the spatial and chronological image expansion of both materials can lead to similar conclusions in their assessment

scholarly journals Investigations of quartz raw materials from the locality of Rekovac muncipality

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
Slavica Mihajlovic ◽  
Zivko Sekulic ◽  
Jovica Stojanovic ◽  
Vladan Kasic ◽  
Iroslav Sokic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Potential Applications

Quality of raw materials, including quartz sand and quartzite, varies from one deposit to another. Furthermore, the material quality determines in which industrial branches it can be used after certain preparation processes. Potential applications of quartz raw materials are: in the construction and refractory industry, ceramics and glass industry, then in metallurgy, foundry and also in production of water treatment filters. Geological investigations of the central Serbia region, in the Rekovac municipality, resulted in identification of occurrence of quartz sand ("Ursula") and quartzite ("Velika Krusevica"). Preliminary laboratory tests and characterization of the quartz sand size fraction -0.63+0.1 mm confirmed the possibility of applying this size fraction in the construction materials industry, while the quartzite can be used in refractory, glass and metallurgy industries. After determining the geological reserve of quartz sand "Ursula" and quartzite "Velika Krusevica", detailed investigations are required. Quality conditions from the aspect of chemical composition and physical properties of quartz sand and quartzite are mostly clearly defined by a special standard for this purpose. On the other hand, there are also application areas where standards does not exist, but users define their quality conditions. This example is with the application of quartz sand in the production of water glass. Chemical composition as well is not always the determining factor for the application of quartz raw material. For example, for quartz sand used for sandblasting, grain form is essential. From the economic analysis point of view, the prices of quartz raw materials vary depending on their chemical and physical properties. After all, what needs to be pointed out is the fact that these raw materials are very widespread in nature and that their exploitation is quite simple. After the raw material is excavated, it is stored and further sieved, washed, dried and processed according to customer requirements. All of these processes are cheaper than preparing, for example, limestone, and significaly cheaper than preparation of metal ores.

scholarly journals Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Oli Untuk Mesin Diesel Tipe G4J-801, G5J-801 dan G7J-801 di PT. Hansan Asembling – Malang

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Rony Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Control ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Production Forecasting ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Storage

Inventories of raw materials is one of the most important elements in the company's operations are continuously must be obtained, processed and resold. The raw material is meant for the smooth running of production operations set. So, we need an optimum inventory levels to meet the needs of both the quantity, quality and time at a low cost. For that we need a system of planning and inventory control are best - well, that inventories of raw materials should be defined and calculated correctly and accurately in order to obtain a low total cost of inventory that can minimize the cost of production. Forecasting approach is expected to represent the number of actual demand in the coming period. Based on the number of requests of forecasting results can be determined raw material inventory control. By using EOQ then firms will be able to minimize the cost of raw material supplies of oil. Companies should pay attention to the order of recording historical data of oil, classification of costs - the cost of orders and storage costs, because such data is necessary to obtain optimal results inventory control. Keywords: inventory control planning, forecasting, EOQ

scholarly journals The Police’s role in the field of improving functioning fuel sector as an element of energy safety management in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Special Problem ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

The energy sector is an example of an unusual branch of the economy whose success largely depends on the amount of energy carriers owned by a given country. Paying attention to Poland, it should be noted that next to hard coal, which is the largest quantity of raw material, the role of oil and natural gas is steadily increasing. Energy security gives the opportunity for development in individual countries only if it can function and satisfy basic goods that allow economic prosperity. These goods include, but are not limited to, energy resources, which may determine the prosperity of individual economic sectors. In turn, energy carriers along with other raw materials decide about the level of fuel security of the country, and thus affect the level of energy security. However, due to the existing threats to this sector, one of the important roles is played by the Police, which counteracts all criminogenic phenomena that deplete the economic benefits for the state from the fuel sector. The article is an interesting supplement to the issues raised in the journal, because it draws attention to a special problem that should be tackled not only on a national, but also international scale, so the text seems to be important from the perspective of the topics discussed. In addition, the issues raised, which are not so often discussed in the scientific literature, constitute an interesting supplement in the field of matter.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Energy Consumption Behavior of European RES Cooperative Members

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Sifakis ◽  
Nikolaos Savvakis ◽  
Tryfon Daras ◽  
Theocharis Tsoutsos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
And Behavior

REScoops are cooperatives of renewable energy producers and/or consumers that are being formed in the developing European Smart Grid. Today, there are more than 2397 REScoops with more than 650,000 members. Their development indicates the necessity of producing and consuming green energy, assists the fight against energy poverty, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by utilizing smart management systems and self-consumption techniques. An essential objective of the H2020 REScoop Plus project is to stimulate better understanding and promote the cooperatives’ commitment to behavioral change. To achieve such a goal, this paper presents the methodology adopted to assess the energy-saving activities and behavior of the REScoops. In order to obtain relevant conclusions, a detailed statistical analysis was undertaken. Moreover, the analysis led to an effective classification of the various members, providing insights regarding their contribution to consumption reduction according to various specific characteristics. The statistical analysis showed that REScoop members contribute significantly to energy conservation and the reduction of harmful gas emissions, and subsequently, the majority of the energy efficiency (EE) interventions led to achieving more than 20% reductions. Specific practices, already adopted by the REScoops, lead to increased energy efficiency and environmental benefits.

scholarly journals Translation constraints of eastern loans in russian film subtitles in French

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
G. V. Ovchinnikova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Russian Film ◽  
First Time

The active development of intercultural communication in the cinematic arts sets new challenges for translation theorists and practitioners. The article presents concepts that are widely used in film translation, provides a classification of audiovisual translation types, and for the first time establishes a distinction between such concepts of translation studies as: “langue relais” (translator language), ”langue pont” (transition language),”langue véhiculaire” (Transporter language) and “langue interface” (interface language). Using the example of subtitles for the film “Turkish gambit”, the authors identified ways to translate them from Russian to French and conducted a detailed statistical analysis of the frequency of using methods of translating subtitles. According to the results of experimental data, borrowing was the leading technique in translating subtitles of Boris Akunin’s script “Turkish gambit”, which necessitated a comparative study of borrowings of Eastern languages, their assimilation in Russian and French, and translation features. The use of etymological, component and morphological analysis methods allowed us to identify the specifics of translation of orientalisms in Russian and French.

scholarly journals Geoecological rationale of the development of housing and communal services sludge storages by the method of multidimensional data processing

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
Konstantin L’vovich Chertes ◽  
Ol’ga Vladimirovna Tupitsyna ◽  
Vitaliy Nikolaevich Pystin ◽  
Vasiliy Vasil’evich Ermakov ◽  
Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Ramenskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Natural Analogues ◽  
Housing Services ◽  
Local Construction ◽  
Basic Characteristics

The activity of housing services and utilities results in great amounts of waste: sludge of water and wastewater utilities, waste waters of TPPs and recycling water supply. The known ways of such waste utilization are related to production of construction materials and secondary reactants for wastewater treatment. Though the volumes of sludge most often exceed the regional demand in raw materials for local construction materials or coagulants. Moreover sludge as man-made raw material cannot compete with their natural analogues in terms of quality.The basic characteristics of housing and communal services sludge storages were considered from the perspective of their target development. The system of state assessment of sludge storages was represented by the multidimensional data analysis. The waste disposal facilities considered in this study were classified into three groups from the perspective of the feasibility and practicability of their abandoning. An example of the digital matrix of waste disposal facilities’ condition was given. The constructive and technological design of the system of recultivating materials production was given.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengelompokkan Persediaan Jenis Bahan Baku Rotan dengan Menggunakan Metode ABC

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sayuti
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Class A ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Class B ◽  
Class C ◽  
Abc Method ◽  
Industrial Company

PT Bumi Selawah kab.pidie is an industrial company that was founded under perhaps the industry kab.pidie engaged in furniture products are made from rattan. In a production system the company has not classifying products which require priority highest amount of raw material. This is evident from observations in 2014-2015. Where the supply of raw materials is different each year. In 2014 the company supplying raw rattan by 20 tons, which is used only 12 tons, in 2015 the company supplied 10 tons, which is used only 9 tons. The results showed that the total percentage of absorption of funds amounting to 99.6%, where the cumulative percent of items of goods, Rattan Semanow (24-29) 11.11%, Rattan Semanow (40) 22.22%, Rattan Semanow (35-39) 33.33%, Rattan Semanow (18-23) 44.44%, 55.55% Track Rattan, Rattan Fega 66.66%, Semanow (30-34) 77.77%, Semanow (15-17) 88, Rattan Semanow 88% and 99.99%. There are 4 items that belong to class A, which supplies high-end, inventories are valued are classified in class B, and supplies the low value belongs to the class C so that the company can determine how much cane is needed for each category of the classification of the raw materials of rattan these, and order can be made as needed.Keywords: Inventory, ABC method, Rattan

scholarly journals Analysis and Optimization of Raw Material Supply Chains With Regard to Profitability and Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Trojahn ◽  
Henning Strubelt
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Material Supply ◽  
First Time

Raw material logistics reflects an important aspect of global trade. Raw materials form an essential basis for society, for daily life, and range from apples to zinc. This paper addresses the analysis and optimization of supply chains of raw materials in terms of their economic viability and their sustainability. Type representatives are chosen according to annual transported quantities. Hard coal represents bulk goods, aluminum primary raw materials with medium quantities, and rare earths primary raw materials with small quantities. Their respective supply chains are analyzed and subsequently possible strategies and methods and their application are discussed. The paper shows for the first time that the selection and application of optimization priorities (e.g. profitability or sustainability) depends on the primary raw material and its integration into global production chains.

scholarly journals A multidimensional analysis and modelling of flotation process for selected Polish lithological copper ore types

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Tomasz Niedoba ◽  
Agnieszka Surowiak ◽  
Paulina Pięta
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
Fraction Collector ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Relationship

The flotation of copper ore is a complex technological process that depends on many parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the complexity of this phenomenon by choosing a multidimensional data analysis. The paper presents the results of modelling and analysis of beneficiation process of sandstone copper ore. Considering the implementation of multidimensional statistical methods it was necessary to carry out a multi-level experiment, which included 4 parameters (size fraction, collector type and dosage, flotation time). The main aim of the paper was the preparation of flotation process models for the recovery and the content of the metal in products. A MANOVA was implemented to explore the relationship between dependent (β, ϑ, ε, η) and independent (d, t, cd, ct) variables. The design of models was based on linear and nonlinear regression. The results of the variation analysis indicated the high significance of all parameters for the process. The average degree of matching of linear models to experimental data was set at 49% and 33% for copper content in the concentrate and tailings and 47% for the recovery of copper minerals in the both. The results confirms the complexity and stochasticity of the Polish copper ore flotation.

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