scholarly journals Growth and Development of the Main Greek Oriental Tobacco Cultivars

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
AG Sficas ◽  
IC Antoniou
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Logarithmic Curve ◽  
Sigmoid Curve ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Total Dry Weight

AbstractGrowth and development of seven Oriental tobacco cultivars, representing aromatic, neutral and taste type tobacco grown in Greece, were studied at Drama, Greece, during 1982 and 1983. The growing period from transplanting to flowering ranged from 65 to 80 days and was the same for both years. plant height increase followed a sigmoid curve, the number of harvestable leaves developed almost linearly with time, and total dry weight production and leaf area increase can be described by a logarithmic curve. The effect of year on all parameters was significant, but cultivar differences were consistent. Assimilation rates during the whole period ranged from 0.1 g to 3.0 g per day per plant in 1982, and from 0.1 g to 2.7 g in 1983. Dry weight distribution in the plant parts and final yield production for the cultivars tested were also recorded.

Growth dynamics in Sphaerium rhomboideum (Bivalvia: Pisidiidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Mackie ◽  
L. A. Flippance
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Allometric Relationship ◽  
Dormant Period ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Curvilinear Relationships

Analyses of growth in shell dimensions and weight of Sphaerium rhomboideum from two permanent ponds showed that width has a positive allometric relationship with length and height of the shell. This results in an increase in interior shell volume that is significantly correlated with the increase in space required by developing larvae. The ovoviviparous habit of S. rhomboideum also explains most of the curvilinear relationships between clam length and total dry weight and between clam calcium content and length and weight of adults. An iteroparous reproductive strategy is shown to be dependent upon both a positive allometric relationship between larval and parent shell lengths and birth of the cohort during or immediately before an active growing period. If birth of the cohort occurs immediately before a dormant period, semelparity will occur no matter what type of allometric relationship is obtained between larval and adult shell lengths.

Copper nutrition of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. cv. Seaton Park). I. Effects of copper supply on growth and development

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Reuter ◽  
AD Robson ◽  
JF Loneragan ◽  
DJ Tranthim-Fryer
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Lateral Branches

Effects of severe and moderate copper deficiency on the development of leaves and lateral branches, on the distribution of dry weight within the plant, and on seed yield of Seaton Park subterranean clover were assessed as part of three glasshouse experiments. Copper deficiency markedly depressed top and root growth without producing any distinctive symptoms. It retarded phasic development by delaying development of leaves and lateral branches, senescence of plant parts, and flowering: it also depressed the proportion of stem plus petiole in plant tops and decreased internode elongation, pollen fertility and the number of burrs and seeds formed. As a result of its effect in delaying flowering, copper deficiency would depress seed production particularly strongly when low soil water supply shortens the growing season. The need for suitable procedures for diagnosing copper deficiency is emphasized by the lack of specific plant symptoms in this species.

Response of cow pea (Vigna unguiculata L.) to CO2 enrichment environment on growth, dry-matter production and yield components at different stages of vegetative and reproductive growth

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Bhattacharya ◽  
N. C. Bhattacharya ◽  
P. K. Biswas ◽  
B. R. Strain
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Vegetative And Reproductive Growth ◽  
Total Seed

SUMMARYThis study examines the effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations on vegetative and reproductive growth and partitioning of biomass during pod and seed development of cow pea in controlled environment chambers at 350, 675, and 1000μl CO2/l.The length of main stem and branches, the number of leaves and branches, and leaf area were all greater at high CO2 than at low CO2 concentration. The appearance of flowers was 10–12 days earlier in high CO2 than in ambient CO2 atmosphere. The senescence of leaves started about 7 days earlier in plants grown at 675 and 1000 μl CO2/l than in those grown at 350 μl CO2/l. The rate of leaf senescence was more rapid in 1000 μl/l than in 675 μl CO2/l. The dry weight of roots, stems and leaves increased with CO2 enrichment, being greater in 675 μl/l than in 1000 μl CO2/l. Plants grown in 675 and 1000 μ1/1 produced more pods and seeds than in 350 μl CO2/l. Total seed weight and number of pods, as well as number of seeds per pod, were significantly greater in CO2 enriched atmosphere than ambient CO2 level. Although CO2 enrichment caused a significant increase in the total number and weight of seeds as well as pods, it did not affect the ratio of seed dry weight to the total dry weight of above-ground plant parts (harvest index). It is concluded from the present investigation that CO2 enrichment significantly enhanced vegetative as well as reproductive growth resulting in the increase in yield and early plant maturation in this leguminous crop.

scholarly journals Use of Belowground Growing Degree Days to Predict Rooting of Dormant Hardwood Cuttings of Populus

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Zalesny ◽  
E. O. Bauer ◽  
D. E. Riemenschneider
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Abstract Planting Populus cuttings based on calendar days neglects soil temperature extremes and does not promote rooting based on specific genotypes. Our objectives were to: 1) test the biological efficacy of a thermal index based on belowground growing degree days (GDD) across the growing period, 2) test for interactions between belowground GDD and clones, and 3) identify beneficial planting windows based on combinations of genotypes and belowground GDD. We tested two clones of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh (D133, D134) and four hybrid clones of P. deltoides × P. maximowiczii A. Henry (DM101, DM105, NC14105, NC14107). Cuttings, 20 cm long, were planted in randomized complete blocks at 15- × 15-cm spacing across three planting dates during 1999 at Alexandria, Minnesota, USA (45.9°N, 95.4°W) and Fertile, Minnesota, USA (47.3°N, 96.2°W). Temperatures at 20 cm belowground were converted to GDD with a base temperature of 10°C. We measured root, top, and total dry weight, along with number of roots after 14 d of growth. Relatively warmer and cooler soil temperatures promoted rooting for the cottonwoods and hybrids, respectively. We recommend planting after reaching a threshold of 163 belowground GDD for P. deltoides clones and planting before reaching a threshold of 173 belowground GDD for P. deltoides × P. maximowiczii clones.

The effect of autotetraploidy in five varieties of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.).

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
WM Hutton ◽  
JW Peak
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Induced autotetraploidy in the Dwalganup variety of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) resulted in total dry weight increases of 60 and 65.5 per cent. at flowering and maturity respectively. In the other four varieties the tetraploids had decreased yields of dry matter compared with the diploids, although the decreases for leaf weights at flowering were nonsignificant in Mount Barker and Tallarook, as was the total dry weight reduction in Tallarook at maturity. There were no significant differences between the diploids and tetraploids in percentage moisture content. When early development was stimulated by growth in a glass-house, the tetraploids of all varieties showed a significant increase in yield of green matter. The level of increased growth was maintained only in Dwalganup, and decreased in other varieties during flowering. An analysis was made of the way in which the different plant parts mere changed by tetraploidy. Where decreased growth occurred, the leaves and stems were coarser. In all varieties a reduced seed-setting followed autotetraploidy, although in Dwalganup the yield of seed per plant was not affected.

Development of yield in two grain-sorghum hybrids. I. Dry weight and carbon-14 studies

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Chamberlin ◽  
GL Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Data

Growth and development of two grain-sorghum hybrids (De Kalb E57 and Texas 610) were examined under glasshouse conditions by sequential harvesting and the use of I4C. The grain yield per plant of Texas 610 was higher than that of E57, with higher total biological yield and similar harvest indices. The contribution to grain weight at maturity, of carbon assimilated prior to anthesis, was about 10% for each hybrid. The leaves were the main source of this material. After anthesis, dry weight data indicated that temporary storage of assimilates before retranslocation to the grain was of greater importance in Texas 610 than E57. This storage was largely in the leaves (including sheaths), upper internodes, and roots. A high grain-growth rate was maintained for longer by Texas 610 than by E57. Total dry weight production after anthesis in both hybrids was, at all stages examined, more than sufficient to maintain grain growth.

Application of Sewage Sludge and Its Impact on Soil Characteristics, Including Morphological and Biochemical Properties of Vigna radiata Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Basim Y. Alkhafaji ◽  
Roaa Jafar Elkheralla ◽  
Ahmed Salman Abdulhasan
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Physiological Characters

This experiment was conducted in pots to study the effects of sewage sludge application on some morphological, physiological and accumulation characters of Vigna radiata. The experiment contained the following treatments: control (C) 0 gm sludge/30 kg soil, (T1) 300 gm sludge/30 kg soil, (T2) 600 gm sludge/30 kg soil and (T3) 900 gm sludge/30 kg soil. All sludge treatments showed a significant increase in all morphological, physiological and accumulation characters compared with control. (T2 ) treatment gave a significant increase as compared to other treatments in all morphological characters (height of the plant, leaf area, and total dry weight for shoots and roots). It increased by 34.1 cm, 33.1 cm2, 29.8 gm and 3.3 gm, respectively, compared with the control. T2 treatment also gave significant values in all physiological characters (chlorophyll and protein content) as compared to other treatments and the control treatment, (2.60 μg/gm and 17.7%) respectively compared with the control. T3 treatment showed a higher accumulation of Cd and Pb in all plant parts, the root system showed greater susceptibility to bioaccumulation than the shoot system for both the heavy metals.

scholarly journals Dry Matter Allocation and Loss in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helanthus tuberosus, L.) during Growth and Field Storage

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 503A-503
Author(s):  
Wayne J. McLaurin ◽  
Stanley J. Kays
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Fibrous Roots

Jerusalem artichokes are one of a small number of crops that store carbon predominately in the form of inulin, a straight chain fructosan. There has been a tremendous increase in interest in inulin due to its dietary health benefits for humans and calorie replacement potential in processed foods. We measured the allocation of dry matter within the crop (cv. Sunckoke) during an entire growth cycle by harvesting plants over a 40-week period (2-week intervals) from initial planting through field storage. Plant characters assessed were: no. of basal stems, leaves, branches, flowers, and tubers; the dry weight of leaves, branches, flowers, tubers, and fibrous roots; and date of flowering. Total dry weight of above-ground plant parts increased until 18 weeks after planting (22 Aug.) and then progressively decreased thereafter. Tuber dry weight began to increase rapidly ≈4 weeks (19 Sept.) after the peak in above-ground dry weight, suggesting that dry matter within the aerial portion of the plant was being recycled into the storage organs. Tuber dry weight continued to increase during the latter part of the growing season, even after the first frost. Final tuber yield was 13.6 MT of dry matter/ha.

scholarly journals Effect of Salt Stress and Irrigation Water on Growth and Development of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Caliskan ◽  
Dursun Kurt ◽  
Kadir Ersin Temizel ◽  
Mehmet Serhat Odabas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Salinity Levels

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess the influence of different salinity and irrigation water treatments on the growth and development of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Five salinity levels (0.4, 1.00, 2.50, 4.00 and 8.00 dSm-1) and three different irrigation water regimes (80, 100, 120% of full irrigation) were applied in a factorial design with three replications. Dry root weight, aerial part dry weight and aerial part/root ratio were determined and evaluated as experimental parameters at the end of growing period. Results revealed significant decreases in yields with increasing salinity levels. However, basil managed to survive high salt stress. With increasing salinity levels, decreases in growth were higher in roots than in leaves. Changes in the amount of irrigation water also significantly affected the evaluated parameters.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF MISCANTHUS SINENSIS (TATAI) IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH-WESTERN SLOVAKIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Martin Prčík ◽  
Marián Kotrla
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Abstract In this paper, we present the results of research of phytomass production allocated to aboveground organs, leaves and stalks, after the third growing year. The research was conducted in the field experiment conditions of Farm holding in Kolíňany. The results of the aboveground dry matter production are expressed in tonnes of dry weight produced on the area of one hectare (t.ha-1). The total dry weight of the aboveground biomass was 6.89 t.ha-1 at the end of the first growing year 2010. In the growing year 2011, it reached 15.21 t.ha-1 (an increase by 121 %.) The total dry weight of the aboveground phytomass increased by 37% compared to 2011, and it reached 20.82 t.ha-1 in the third growing year (2012). The increase of phytomass is directly proportional to off shoot circle. Average off shoot circle of individuals in the first growing year was 300 mm and the average number of stems produced in a clump was 37.60. In 2011, the average off shoot circle of individuals was 502 mm and there were 43.73 stems created in a clump. In the third growing period of 2013, the extension of the off shoot circle by 113.7% (641 mm) was registered in comparison with 2010 and the amount of 80.19 stems per clump was recorded.

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