scholarly journals Effects of the fruiting period and growing seasons on market quality in goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Polat ◽  
Kerem Mertoglu ◽  
Ilknur Eskimez ◽  
Volkan Okatan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Goji Berry

AbstractProgression of the vegetation period and change of year are associated with variations in general climatic parameters, such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, radiation, precipitation, wind speed and others. Only limited knowledge is available about the effects of these parameters on the characteristics of quality of fruits especially those with successive ripening such as goji berry. In our study, fruits of goji berry were characterised based on physico-chemical properties within four different harvest periods, in two consecutive years. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the pomological characteristics were superior at the beginning of the production season, while the phytochemical properties were better at the end. Fruit length, width and weight characteristics were noted to decrease from the first harvest to the last by 21%, 18% and 33%, respectively, while the total anthocyanin, phenol and antioxidant activity properties increased by 264%, 48% and 105%, respectively. There was a decrease in fruit weight, fruit length and fruit width up to 15.9%, 18.3% and 6%, respectively and were directly associated with yield due to sink competition among fruits. Providing high ripening index that ensures more acceptable fruits, with high soluble solid content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) seems to be a very important breeding objective to meet consumer demands thanks to superior organoleptic quality. According to correlations, the synthesis of phenolic compounds increased in parallel with SSC rise and TA, which improved pomological properties too. It is thought that the obtained results may indicate the cultural processes and evaluation methods to be used for the harvested fruits.

scholarly journals Variability components and heritability of pomological and chemical characteristics in sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Fotiric ◽  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Fruit Length

In 12 sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency 5 pomological (fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, stone weight and fruit stem length) and 4 chemical characteristics (soluble solid content, total acid content, invert sugar content and total sugar content) were investigated. Based on results of analysis of variance for all examined characteristics, variability components, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation and coefficient of heritability in a broader sense were calculated. Considering components of total variability, year represented the component that caused variability of majority examined characteristics in the highest percentage. Coefficients of genetic variation showed that in investigated clones total acid content varied the least (CVg = 1.79%), and the most fruit weight (CVg = 11.41%). The lowest phenotypic varying was determined for fruit length (CVf = 4.01%) but the highest for fruit weight (CVf = 13.86%). Coefficient of heritability was the highest for stone weight (h2 = 70.27%), and the lowest for total acid content (h2 = 7.73%).

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MEDLAR (MESPILUS GERMANICA L.) FRUITS AND CHANGES IN QUALITY DURING RIPENING

AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melekber SULUSOGLU DURUL ◽  
Hulya UNVER
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Water Losses

Medlar has acquired increasing popularity in recent years for its edible fruits andsome healing properties in modern medicine. Medlar fruits are often stored undernon-cold conditions in straw. This study was conducted to determinemorphological and biochemical characteristics of medlar fruits and changes in fruitquality occurring under ordinary storage conditions. For this purpose, eight typesof medlar trees were evaluated. The trees were at a mature stage and productive.Morphological properties such as the fruit and seed weight (g), length, and width(mm) were measured after the harvest. Fruit soluble solid content (%) and pHvalues were determined at physiological maturity after harvesting, and the fruitsoluble solid content was measured again at ripening (edible stage), after 25 daysof storage under ordinary storage conditions (mean temperature of 10 °C and meanhumidity of 65–70%). Leaf characteristics were also determined. The treeproductivity was very different between the types, and it was determined to rangefrom 5.9 and 17.8 kg. The fruit weight varied from 9.69 to 24.45 g, while the watercontent decreased nearly to the half of the harvest values in some genotypes. Thesoluble solid content changed depending on the water losses and increased duringthe ripening period. The seed numbers ranged from 1.7 to 4.7 among the types, andthe seed weight varied from 0.12 to 0.45 g. The fruits were able to reach ripeningmaturity in three weeks under the ordinary storage conditions depending on thetype. Thus, this method of storage is practical for the medlar producer, but theresults clearly showed that the storage period was too short and that the fruitquality was negatively affected. Cold storage conditions are needed to ensurequality and a long selling time.

scholarly journals Comparison of fruit maturation and quality of ‘Gala’ apple strains at harvest and after storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Argenta ◽  
Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Thyana Lays Brancher ◽  
Karyne Souza Betinelli ◽  
Vinícius Adão Bartinick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Fruit Skin

Abstract Strains of ‘Gala’ apples with highly red-colored skins have been planted in new orchards based on consumer interest and financial returns to the producers. The effect of somatic mutation may not be limited to change in fruit skin appearance. In this study, six ‘Gala’ strains were compared regarding fruit maturity and quality attributes at commercial harvest time and after 210 days in controlled atmosphere cold storage plus seven days shelf-life. Experimental orchards were established in three regions and fruit assessed over four seasons. The fruit skin red color area was highest in ‘Baigent’ and ‘Galaxy’, and lowest in ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Imperial Gala’. Fruit of ‘Maxi Gala’ and ‘Gala Real’ had intermediate skin coloration among the six strains. There was no difference among the strains regarding the fruit weight, starch index, flesh firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) at harvest, and flesh firmness, SSC and TA after storage. Fruit of the six ‘Gala’ strains were equally affected by physiological disorders (flesh browning, fruit cracking, calcium deficiency disorders and shrivel) and fungal diseases (external decay, core rot and Glomerella cingulata spot) during storage, indicating that they have similar storability. Only ‘Imperial Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’ exhibited superficial scald, an unusual disorder for ‘Gala’ cultivar. Harvest management and potential economic impacts of highly red colored fruit of ‘Gala’ strains are discussed.

scholarly journals Seed-Propagated Summer Apples: Great Morphological and Biochemical Diversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8359
Author(s):  
Neva Karatas ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk ◽  
Ozlem Cakir ◽  
Tomas Necas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics

The northeastern Anatolia region of Turkey is one of the richest plant biodiversity areas in Turkey. This study describes some important tree and fruit characteristics of 20 seed-propagated summer apple genotypes from northeastern Anatolia using morphological and biochemical markers. The genotypes were evaluated morphologically for tree growth habit, ripening date, fruit weight, fruit firmness, fruit shape, fruit color, fruit taste, juiciness and aroma. The biochemical characteristics measured were organic acids, SSC (soluble solid content), titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. We found significant differences for most of the morphological and biochemical characteristics. The genotypes exhibited quite diverse harvest dates ranging from 4 July to 16 August. Summer apple genotypes had fruit weight between 101.9 g and 133.5 g. The genotypes had diverse fruit shapes, including round, conic and oblate, and over fruit colours such as pink, red, yellow and green. Genotypes GUM7 and GUM13 stood out for fruit weight, SSC, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity. GUM7 and GUM13 present dissimilarity from the other genotypes. While the first showed a lower average fruit weight, SSC, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, the second revealed higher average of fruit weight, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and higher SSC. Due to their favorable characteristics, GUM13 can be used for further crosses with genotypes of other groups, which also present favorable characteristics.

scholarly journals Polyphenol Content, Physicochemical Properties, Enzymatic Activity, Anthocyanin Profiles, and Antioxidant Capacity ofCerasus humilis(Bge.) Sok. Genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwen Liu ◽  
Xiaoying Li ◽  
Zhaoyuan Guo ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Xuedong Chang
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Seven varieties of Chinese dwarf cherries were evaluated and compared with respect to their weight, diameter, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, color, polyphenol contents, ascorbic acid levels, anthocyanin profiles, enzymatic activity, and antioxidant capacity. The fruits are rich in phenolic content (339.07–770.30 mg/100 g fresh weight). Nine anthocyanins were obtained from fruits after chromatographic separation and their structures analyzed using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Cyanidin-3-glucoside was the major anthocyanin with 50.36–78.39% concentration. Three anthocyanins were reported for the first time in these cherries. They exhibit low polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities, but their superoxide dismutase activity is high (572.75–800.17 U/g FW). The highest amounts of soluble solid content (15.67 Brix %), total titratable acid (1.90%), ascorbic acid (18.47 mg/100 g FW), and total anthocyanin (152.66 mg/100 g FW) were observed. Three methods (DPPH-scavenging ability, oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, and cellular antioxidant activity assay) were employed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the phenolic extracts of these cherries. Number 5 has the highest values of ORAC and CAA of 205.68 μmol TE/g DM and 99.67 μmol QE/100 g FW, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimizing Crop Load for New Apple Cultivar: “WA38”

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon Anthony ◽  
Sara Serra ◽  
Stefano Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Apple Cultivar ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Washington State University

Crop load management is growing increasingly important as a factor related to biennial tendencies, post-harvest disorders, and inconsistent fruit quality in apples like “Honeycrisp”. Washington State University released a new apple cultivar, called “WA38”, in 2017. Limited literature is available about the productive characteristics of this new cultivar. An experimental trial evaluating the effect of crop load on leaf area, fruit quality, mineral composition, and return bloom of “WA 38” was conducted for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) to determine an optimal crop load. Trees were trained as a spindle and grafted on Malling-9 Nic29 (Nic29) rootstocks. Crop loads were adjusted to 2, 4, 6, and 8 fruits/cm2 of trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA). Crop load had a significant effect on production, with yields ranging from 28 to 83 MT/ha in 2017. Fruit quality was impacted by increasing crop load, with a reduction in fruit weight, soluble solid content, firmness, dry matter, titratable acidity, and a delay in maturity. Leaf-to-fruit ratios were higher in lower crop loads. Relatively consistent flower bud formation was seen at the 6 and 8 fruits/cm2 categories. A possible threshold for optimal fruit quality and consistent bloom was identified around 6 fruits/cm2 TCSA.

scholarly journals Tree and orchard variability of Silver King nectarine (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit quality components

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ligouri ◽  
V. Farina ◽  
G. Gullo ◽  
P. Inglese
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

The variability of crop quality accounts for most of seasonal variation of farmers’ incomes, since fruit growth and quality components may greatly change according to various environmental and within-tree factors. Canopy architecture and orchard layout are mainly responsible for fruit size, quality and its variability. A positive relationship was measured in peach between intercepted radiation and PAR and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). This study was carried out to measure within tree and orchard variability of fruit of the early ripening cv. Silver King nectarine (Prunus persica (L.), Batsch) 8-years-old peach trees trained to a Y-shape and Delayed vase. Fruit were picked twice and all harvested fruit were analysed in terms of size, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, firmness and TEAC. Fruit weight variability between single trees was larger than within the tree and between training systems. Fruit soluble solid content and firmness had a higher variability than fruit size and within tree variability was higher in Delayed vase trees than in Y-shaped ones. TEAC changed with fruit position within the canopy.      

Role of Phospholipase D Inhibitor in Regulating Expression of Senescencerelated Phospholipase D gene in Postharvest Longan Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Jiemin Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Ping Yi ◽  
Changbao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Pericarp Browning

Background: Phospholipase D (PLD)is closely related to browning and senescence of postharvest longan fruit. Objective: This study investigated the effects of 2-butanol (a PLD inhibitor) on the expression and regulation of PLD during storage of longan fruit at a low temperature. Methods: Senescence-related quality indices showed that the 2-butanol-treated fruit presented lower pericarp browning index, pulp breakdown index and total soluble solid value than the untreated fruit. Results: The fruit treated by 60 µL/L 2-butanol exhibited the strongest inhibition on senescence, which significantly delayed changes in weight, titratable acidity content, total soluble solid content and ascorbic acid content. This treatment maintained a high level of total phenolic content and caused significant inhibition on pericarp browning and pulp breakdown. Through ELISA method, 60 µL/L 2-butanol treatment also reduced PLD activity. Real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that PLD mRNA expression level was inhibited by 60 µL/L 2-butanol within 15 days. Western-blotting results further confirmed the differential expression of PLD during storage, and a relatively higher expression for PLD protein was found in control compared to the 2-butanoltreated fruit during 15-d storage. Conclusion: These results provided a scientific basis and reference to further investigating postharvest longan quality maintenance by regulating the PLD gene expression.

scholarly journals Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Fruits of Unsprayed Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis Ecotypes Found in Different Agroecological Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8060
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Neva Karatas ◽  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Rosa Canina

The Rosa is one of the most diverse genera in the plant kingdom and, in particular, its fruits have been used for multiple purposes in different parts of the world for centuries. Within the genus, Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis are, economically, the most important species and dominate Rosa fruit production. In this study, some important fruit and shrub traits of ten Rosa canina and ten Rosa dumalis ecotypes collected from rural areas of Kars province, located in the east Anatolia region of Turkey were investigated. We found significant differences among ecotypes in most of the morphological and biochemical traits. The ecotypes were found between 1446–2210 m altitude. Fruit weight and fruit flesh ratio ranged from 2.95 g to 4.72 g and 62.55% to 74.42%, respectively. SSC (Soluble Solid Content), Vitamin C, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, and total anthocyanin content of the ecotypes ranged from 16.9–22.7%, 430–690 mg per 100 g FW (fresh weight), 390–532 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g FW, 0.88–2.04 mg per g FW, 6.83–15.17 mg per g FW and 3.62–7.81 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per kg, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined to be between 19.7–34.7 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per g fresh weight. Rosa ecotypes contained chlorogenic acid and rutin the most as phenolic compound. Our results indicated great diversity within both R. canina and R. dumalis fruits.

scholarly journals Effect of Cross-Linked Alginate/Oil Nanoemulsion Coating on Cracking and Quality Parameters of Sweet Cherries

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Camilo Gutiérrez-Jara ◽  
Cristina Bilbao-Sainz ◽  
Tara McHugh ◽  
Bor-Sen Chiou ◽  
Tina Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Vapor Transfer ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Soluble Solid

The cracking of sweet cherries causes significant crop losses. Sweet cherries (cv. Bing) were coated by electro-spraying with an edible nanoemulsion (NE) of alginate and soybean oil with or without a CaCl2 cross-linker to reduce cracking. Coated sweet cherries were stored at 4 °C for 28 d. The barrier and fruit quality properties and nutritional values of the coated cherries were evaluated and compared with those of uncoated sweet cherries. Sweet cherries coated with NE + CaCl2 increased cracking tolerance by 53% and increased firmness. However, coated sweet cherries exhibited a 10% increase in water loss after 28 d due to decreased resistance to water vapor transfer. Coated sweet cherries showed a higher soluble solid content, titratable acidity, antioxidant capacity, and total soluble phenolic content compared with uncoated sweet cherries. Therefore, the use of the NE + CaCl2 coating on sweet cherries can help reduce cracking and maintain their postharvest quality.

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