scholarly journals The possibilities of biologically protecting plants against diseases in nurseries, with special consideration of Oomycetes and Fusarium fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Okorski ◽  
Tomasz Oszako ◽  
Justyna A. Nowakowska ◽  
Agnieszka Pszczółkowska
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Fusarium Fungi

Abstract Achieving high quality propagative material is difficult today due to the limited number of pesticides recommended for use. Simultaneously, EU regulations on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in forest nurseries came into a force, requiring a search for alternative plant protection methods that are safe for humans, animals and the environment. In this paper, we present the possibilities of using bio-fungicides against diseases in forest nurseries, their mechanisms of action, as well as the direction of their development (according to IPM rules). We reviewed the results achieved by different research teams presenting the possibilities and trends in combatting Oomycetes and Fusarium spp. pathogens currently having the most important economic impact.

Comparison of Spray Configurations in a Spray Cabin Design for Ornamental Potted Plants: A Proof-of-Concept Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Zwertvaegher ◽  
Dieter Foqué ◽  
Donald Dekeyser ◽  
Stephanie Van Weyenberg ◽  
David Nuyttens
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Concept Study ◽  
Potted Plants

Abstract. With the implementation of integrated pest management in the European Union, growers are obliged to manage pests in a manner that minimizes health and environmental risks due to the use of plant protection products. Among other approaches, this goal can be achieved by optimizing spray application techniques. As an alternative to the predominantly used handheld equipment, such as spray guns, spray boom systems might substantially improve spray application, and thus crop protection management, in greenhouses. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to compare different spray configurations in a spray cabin designed to spray ornamental potted plants that are moving on a conveyor belt. Seven different spray configurations were examined for optimal spray deposition in two crops (azalea and ivy) using mineral chelate tracers. The deposition tests showed that the presented prototype can satisfactorily spray potted plants up to a height of 25 cm including the pot height. The best spray deposition was found with two flat-fan nozzles oriented 35° upward, spraying at 1.0 bar and an application rate of 1047 L ha-1. This configuration increased deposition on the underside of the leaves and at the middle foliage layer compared to the other configurations that were evaluated. The spray cabin with a band spray setting has potential to mitigate the use of plant protection products and achieve a more efficient spray application compared to traditional handheld techniques and broadcast spray boom techniques. Keywords: Crop protection, Integrated pest management, Nozzle type, Spray deposition.

Successful Integrated Pest Management Minimizes the Economic Impact of Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on the Louisiana Sugarcane Industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake E Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Diatraea Saccharalis ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sugarcane Industry

Abstract The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is the primary pest of sugarcane, Saccharum spp., in Louisiana. Recent evidence suggests an integrated pest management (IPM) program has reduced the pest’s impact, but the success of this program has not been assessed across the industry. The level of D. saccharalis injury present at harvest was recorded from 388 billet samples from five sugar mills from 2017 to 2019. These results were used to estimate direct and indirect revenue losses from D. saccharalis on the Louisiana sugarcane industry. Insecticide use records were used to estimate control costs and determine total economic impact. The mean percentage of bored internodes was 1.1, 0.3, and 1.7% for 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Direct losses from reduced sugar yield averaged US$4.6 million across years. Indirect losses across years accounted for US$3.0 million and $463,000 for insecticidal control costs and reduced milling efficiency, respectively. The total economic impact of D. saccharalis averaged $8.0 million annually during the three-year study period. This study demonstrates the efficacy of pest management implementation in reducing D. saccharalis injury and highlights the value of IPM. Our findings provide new support for the emergence of D. saccharalis management in the Louisiana sugarcane industry as a modern IPM success story.

Pest management in cotton: a global perspective

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Current State

Abstract This book contains 14 chapters presenting a global overview of the background to, and the current state of crop protection and pest management in cotton crops. It shows the need for more research to select cotton cultivars with high quality fibres suitable for different cotton growing areas and develop integrated pest management strategies to minimize the use of pesticides.

An alternative way to evaluate the environmental effects of integrated pest management: Pesticide risk indicators

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Greitens ◽  
Esther Day
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Future Research

AbstractThis study examines whether pesticide risk indicators can be used to evaluate the environmental effects of pesticide applications within integrated pest management (IPM) projects. Pesticide risk indicators, commonly used in European countries, are mathematical equations that consider data inputs such as application rates, toxicity levels of a pesticide's active ingredient, meteorological data, the soil characteristics of farm fields, and other information to generate potential risk scores for pesticide applications. These potential risk scores represent the best estimate of a pesticide's impact on the surrounding environment. This project analyzed eight pesticide risk indicators, developed throughout Europe and the United States, with two years of pesticide application data from four farms using IPM. This two-year study allowed for a determination of the validity and reliability of pesticide risk indicators. The findings reveal that only three pesticide risk indicators performed consistently and gave valid results. These indicators are: the synoptic evaluation model for plant protection agents (SYNOPS) indicator from Germany, the multi-attribute toxicity factor from the United States, and the environmental impact quotient from the United States. As a result, the authors recommend these three indicators for future research and for IPM evaluative efforts that emphasize the environmental effects of pesticides.

scholarly journals Measuring Adoption of Integrated Pest Management Practices by Citrus Farmers in Tartous Governorate, Syria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Shadi Faskha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Farmer Adoption ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Lack Of Commitment

Faskha, S.M. 2021. Measuring Adoption of Integrated Pest Management Practices by Citrus Farmers in Tartous Governorate, Syria. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(4): 257-267. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-039.4.257267 A questionnaire study was conducted to analyze the IPM adoption by citrus farmers in Tartous Governorate during two seasons (2018 and 2019). The questionnaire was designed to collect the required information from a representative sample of farmers (370 farmers). Responses were tabulated, and the extracted data were statistically analyzed by using Chi–Square (X 2 ) at P=0.05. The results obtained indicated that the mean rate of farmer adoption was 5.55 points based on a 10-point scale. Accordingly, practices of the surveyed farmers came in the third level: “IPM level” (based on a proposed scale for adoption consisting of four levels, namely, conventional control, entry level IPM, normal IPM level, and bio-intensive IPM level). The implemented cultural practices, the handling of pesticides, and farmers' knowledge were at the forefront of good practices with mean index of attribute values of 0.66, 0.72 and 0.85, respectively. On the other hand, the Adoptability Index values showed that the non-use of attractant traps, planting mixed varieties, and voluntary lack of commitment to stop spraying (conservation biological control) were -0.46, -0.44 and -0.75, respectively, and those were among the most negative indicators in IPM practices adoption, although 31.35% of farmers did not use chemical control. Keywords: Integrated pest management, IPM, adoption, citrus, Syria.

scholarly journals Environment-Friendly Cotton Production through Implementing Integrated Pest Management Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1119-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem Khan ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Tremendous increases in pesticide use in cotton growing areas have severely affected the health of peoples and degraded environment [Poswal and Williamson (1998); Ahmad and Poswal (2000); Orphal 2001 and Khan (2000)]. Farmer Field School (FFS) based IPM implemented in the world to reduce dependence on pesticides and promote environmentally safe plant protection practices. An FFS-led Integrated Pest Management (IMP) model implemented in Pakistan during 1996—popularly known as “Vehari Model”, clearly demonstrated that IPM could be implemented on a large scale at the farm level. UNDP-FAO Policy Reform Project provided required policy level support to scale up the Farmer-led IPM in the country. Implementation of pesticide policy project in Pakistan highlighted that pesticide consumption increased from 665 metric tons in 1980 to 78,132 metric tons in 2003-4. The role of private sector in promoting the production and use of pesticides was found tremendously high. The private sector also took full advantage of government’s pesticide import liberalisation policies. One of the key components of dramatic increase in pesticide use in Pakistan is related to very soft import and registration at that time, which allowed the generic compounds registered elsewhere, to be imported without fieldtesting.

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management In Coffee

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Ribeiro De Oliveira ◽  
Weslley do Rosário Santana ◽  
Jalille Amim Altoé ◽  
Paula Abiko Navarro Carrion ◽  
Winy Galacho Baldan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Successful Production

Coffee (Coffea sp.) Is a crop of great economic relevance, it stands out as one of the most important agricultural commodities for the country. As with any other high value-added crop, coffee crops suffer from the attack of many pests, and proper management of these pests is critical to successful production. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a pest management system that associates the environment and population dynamics of the pest, considers the use of all available plant protection methods and the integration of appropriate measures to maintain the population level of thepest below the level of damage in an economically, environmentally and ecologically viable way. The purpose of this literature review was to gather information on research involving the integrated management of pests in the coffee crop.

LEGAL REGULATION OF PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES APPLICATION IN VEGETATION IN UKRAINE IN THE LIGHT OF EU REQUIREMENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Karpinska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Environmental Goals

The article is devoted to the characterization of phytosanitary legislation of Ukraine through the prism of EU requirements. It is indicated that in Ukraine there is a fairly extensive phytosanitary legislation, based on the Law of Ukraine «On Plant Protection» which contains a legal definition of the basic concept. Based on the analysis of this law, the main features of the legal category «plant protection» are identified and characterized as: systemic, preventive economic and environmental goals, a broad object structure of plant protection relations and protection against biological threats (pests (insects, mites, microorganisms, nematodes) , rodents), pathogens (phytopathogens: viruses, bacteria, fungi), weeds (unwanted vegetation in lands, crops, plantations of crops, which competes with them for light, water, nutrients, and contributes to the spread of pests and diseases )). Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the basic requirements for plant protection, which are divided into three groups, namely: technological requirements, environmental and legal requirements. It is established that in contrast to the limited and debatable list of rights of agricultural entities in the field of plant protection, the responsibilities of such entities are quite detailed and presented in the article in three groups: responsibilities for independent action; responsibilities for promoting the actions of others; responsibilities for the handling of plant protection products. It was found that the legislator in formulating the general responsibilities of agricultural entities (in the opinion of the author of the article), missed an important obligation to apply integrated plant protection, and this aspect is quite fundamental. Based on the analysis of EU legislation, the idea that the implementation of the principles of integrated pest management should be mandatory, and the implementation of integrated pest management is the growth of healthy crops with minimal possible disturbances in agroecosystems and the promotion of natural pest control mechanisms. Methods of plant protection are considered and characterized. The conclusion is substantiated that the modern integrated system of measures is based on the complex application of agrotechnical, chemical and biological methods of plant protection, where the main criterion is the optimization of the chemical method of protection.

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