scholarly journals Harnessing the medicinal properties of Cussonia barteri Seem. (Araliaceae) in drug development. A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ighodaro Igbe ◽  
Osaze Edosuyi ◽  
Agbonlahor Okhuarobo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Novel Drug

Summary Cussonia barteri Seem (Araliaceae) is a deciduous tree growing in savannah of Africa. Ethnomedicinally, it is used in Africa as an analgesic, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-anaemic, anti-diarhoea, anti-poison, ani-pyschotic and anti-epileptic agent. This review provides a brief summary on the phytochemical screenings, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological applications of various parts of C. barteri. Leaves, stem bark and seed of C. barteri have been shown to be rich in saponins, flavonoids, phenols, sugars and alkaloids. Some of these constituents have been isolated and elucidated from C. barteri. Several compounds isolated from plant include triterpenes, saponins, polyenyne and quinic esters. Phytochemical constituents are also partly responsible for biological activities of C. barteri. Extracts and components isolated from the plant have demonstrated neuropharmacological, anti-larvicidal, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Overall, the insights provided by this review reinforce the potential of C. barteri for drug development and create the need for further scientific probe of constituents of the plant with the aim of developing novel drug candidates.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Different Extracts of Holoptelia Integrifolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5234-5240
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Medicinal plants are play significant impact in the personal medicine for most of the people all over the world as an alternative live saving medicines and most of their medicinal properties are well known for anticancer activity. The different extracts of Holoptelea integrifolia (H.integrifolia) leaves, stem bark and fruits were studied as a potent natural source of antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound healing potential. This work was carried out to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of H.integrifolia. The antimicrobial activity of the H.integrifolia ethanolic extract was studied against five fungal and bacterial strains by utilizing the agar well diffusion method and MIC. Among several strain, the ethanolic extract of fruit has shown higher antimicrobial inhibition zone as 9.25-16 mm compare to other two extracts of stem and leaves as 10- 13.25 mm and 6-10.2 mm respectively. The antioxidant activities for different extract were also determined by DPPH free radical assay, Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging and Nitric Oxide Radical Scavenging Activity method. The anti-inflammatory activity also estimated basedon formalin induced paw edema method on Wistar albino rats. The different extracts of leaves, stem bark and fruit parts of Holoptelea integrifolia were estimated for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity against the animal model of female Wistar albino rats. The results of anti-inflammatory activity revealed that the Ethanol extracts showed vital and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects. Our findings revealed that aerial parts of H.integrifolia contais potential antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, which expose the medicinal potential of the selected plant could be a significant drug candidates against microbial, oxidative and inflammation-related pathological processes as a future alternative medicine.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts from Pterocarpus Santalinoides l’Her. Ex. DC (Fabaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aimé Cézaire Ayéna ◽  
Kokou Anani ◽  
Kossi Dosseh ◽  
Amegnona Agbonon ◽  
Messanvi Gbeassor
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pterocarpus Santalinoides

Aims. Pterocarpus santalinoides is used in Beninese folk medicine for treatment of gastroenteritis. This study aims to compare the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves, trunk bark, and root. Materials and Methods. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method on 06 bacterial strains including 03 wild-type strains (Escherichia. coli 0157H, Salmonella sp., and Staphylococcus aureus sp.) and 03 reference strains (E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 29213, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), whereas the anti-inflammatory activity was performed by the carrageenan-induced paw edema method on rats. The DPPH-free radical scavenging was used to determine the antioxidant activity. Results. The MICs of the leaf extracts varied from 6.25 to 25 mg/mL for all strains. The MICs of the stem bark extracts were 6.5 to 25 μg/mL for five strains (E. coli 0157H, S. aureus ATCC 25922, Salmonella sp., E. coli ATCC 25922, and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and 3.125 mg/mL for S. aureus. Concerning the root extracts, the MICs varied from 12.5 to 50 mg/mL. The best anti-inflammatory power was obtained with the stem bark extract with the percentages of inhibition of 36.09%, 38.98%, and 39.50%. The DPPH test showed that the hydroethanolic extract of the 03 parts of P. santalinoides has a moderate antiradical power compared to the control which was quercetin. Conclusion. In view of the different pharmacological activity recorded, the extract of the leaves should be recommended to treat patients suffering from gastroenteriditis.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Composition of Brachystegia Eurycoma Root, Leaf and Stem Bark

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
High Concentrations

This study assesses the phytochemical screening of Brachystegia eurycoma root, leaf and bark using aqueous solvent. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the presence of natural products (alkaloids, tannins, steroid, saponin, phenol, carbohydrate, flavonoid, terpenoid, triterpenoids, quinone and cardial glycoside) using standard procedure. The qualitative phytochemical constituents of Brachystegia eurycoma leaf, root and stem bark revealed the presence Alkaloid, Flavonoid, quinone, tannin, saponin and Terpenoids while Phenol, carbohydrate, steroids and triterpenoids are absent in the leaf, stem bark and root extracts of the plant. Cardiac glycoside was only present in root extracts. The quantitative phytochemical screening of the extracts showed that they had high concentrations of alkaloids and tannins and they were relatively low in Terpenoids. The results evidently specifies aqueous extract of leaf, bark and root of Brachystegia eurycoma contains various bioactive compounds which have various medicinal properties that can be used for the treatment of many diseases. However, isolation of individual phytochemical constituents and subjecting it to the biological activity will definitely provide more fruitful results. Therefore, it is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.

scholarly journals Tetrapleura tetraptera of Ghanaian Origin: Phytochemistry, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Plant Parts

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-96
Author(s):  
Christopher Larbie ◽  
Felix Charles Mills- Robertson ◽  
Emmanuel Bright Quaicoe ◽  
Rita Opoku ◽  
Naomi Chounbayor Kabiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Introduction: The role of medicinal plants in meeting the healthcare needs of the populace, particularly in developing countries cannot be overemphasized. They provide holistic treatment and wellbeing due to a plethora of phytochemicals found in them. Among such is Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum. & Thonn.) Taub., a multipurpose tree plant with varied biological activities. The current study was aimed at assessing the basic phytochemical constituents, free radical scavenging activity as well as the antimicrobial effect on various solvent extracts of leaves, fruit and stem bark of T. tetraptera of Ghanaian origin. Materials and Methods: Aqueous, 50% hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts were made from the leaves, fruits, and stem bark of T. tetraptera. They were assessed for the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, antimicrobial activity as well as the spectroscopic properties (Ultraviolet – visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy). Compounds in the methanolic extracts were evaluated using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: Tannins, reducing sugars, coumarins and flavonoids were present in all extracts while hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts were rich in phenols, tannins and flavonoids, especially for the stem bark. Leaf extracts had better antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Proteus mirabilis. Conclusion: Generally, leaves and stem bark extracts of T. tetraptera are rich in biologically active phytochemicals, supporting their use in ethnomedicine and could be exploited further for other biological activities.

scholarly journals Optimized Xenograft Protocol for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Results in High Engraftment Efficiency for All CLL Subgroups

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Decker ◽  
Anabel Zwick ◽  
Shifa Khaja Saleem ◽  
Sandra Kissel ◽  
Andres Rettig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Preclinical Drug Development ◽  
Xenograft Models ◽  
Nog Mice ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Novel Drug

Preclinical drug development for human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) requires robust xenograft models recapitulating the entire spectrum of the disease, including all prognostic subgroups. Current CLL xenograft models are hampered by inefficient engraftment of good prognostic CLLs, overgrowth with co-transplanted T cells, and the need for allogeneic humanization or irradiation. Therefore, we aimed to establish an effective and reproducible xenograft protocol which allows engraftment of all CLL subtypes without the need of humanization or irradiation. Unmanipulated NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Sug/JicTac (NOG) mice in contrast to C.Cg-Rag2tm1Fwa-/-Il2rgtm1Sug/JicTac (BRG) mice allowed engraftment of all tested CLL subgroups with 100% success rate, if CLL cells were fresh, injected simultaneously intra-peritoneally and intravenously, and co-transferred with low fractions of autologous T cells (2%–4%). CLL transplanted NOG mice (24 different patients) developed CLL pseudofollicles in the spleen, which increased over 4–6 weeks, and were then limited by the expanding autologous T cells. Ibrutinib treatment studies were performed to validate our model, and recapitulated treatment responses seen in patients. In conclusion, we developed an easy-to-use CLL xenograft protocol which allows reliable engraftment for all CLL subgroups without humanization or irradiation of mice. This protocol can be widely used to study CLL biology and to explore novel drug candidates.

Benzofuran: A Key Heterocycle - Ring Closure And Beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-276
Author(s):  
Andiappan Lavanya ◽  
Kilambi Narasimhan ◽  
Vediappen Padmini
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Privileged Scaffold ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Hiv

: The benzofuranyl motif present in compounds exhibits various medicinal properties and non-drug applications. These derivatives are naturally occurring compounds or synthetic materials, which cover a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti- depressant, anti-HIV, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-convulsant, cytotoxic, analgesic, etc. Few of the commercially interesting compounds from this class are, ailanthoidol (anti-inflammatory), amiodarone, dronedarone, celivarone (anti-arrhythmic), bufuralol (muscular airways relaxant), morphine, 5-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran; 5-APB, 6-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran; 6-APB (CNS), rifampicin (antibiotic), etc., whereas, some of the non-drug applications are in perfumery industry (bergapten) and as tannin activators in sunscreen preparations (psoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, and angelicin). Considering these interesting biological activities and commercial utilities, a review on the synthetic aspects of this privileged scaffold was attempted. For the benefit of natural product-based drug discovery, available sources of these derivatives, extraction process and reported biological activities have also been outlined in this review.

Modification in the Natural Bioactive Molecule: Piperine; A Continuing Source for the Drug Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-725
Author(s):  
Bhawna Chopra ◽  
Ashwani K. Dhingra ◽  
Deo N. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Real Potential ◽  
The Real ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecule ◽  
Novel Drug

Background: Piperine, a bioactive alkaloid was a well-known component which was used traditionally to treat a variety of disorders. Objective: The present review is to discuss the modified piperine or piperic acid analogs or its derivatives to explore the potential of piperine. Piperine or piperic acid had potentials as antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, immunomodulatory and many more for drug development. So modification in natural molecule piperine generates numerous derivatives or analogues which may be found beneficial in drug development. Methods: A literature survey has been carried out to determine the real potential of piperine and its modified analogs. Results: It has been scrutinized that piperine and its derivatives possess valuable components with good therapeutic potential. Conclusion: Thus, this review aims to provide knowledge as well as to explore the excellent potential of piperine, piperic acid, piperine derived compounds/ analogs which may further, after performing toxicity studies, and other parameters, be helpful in the design and development of novel drug candidates against numerous disease conditions and thus it paves way for further work in exploring the potential to treat the patients with obesity and skin related disorders.

Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Related Synthetic Analogs: An Update of Pharmacological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyoub Selka ◽  
Fanta J. Ndongou Moutombi ◽  
Jacques Jean-François ◽  
Mohamed Touaibia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Analogs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

: The hydroxycinnamic acid scaffold is extremely versatile with various biological activities. This review will highlight the progress of the biological activities of hydroxycinnamic acids and their related synthetic analogs, including recently reported anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.

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