scholarly journals “A farmer’s time is expensive”: A qualitative study exploring the knowledge attitudes and perceptions of farmers regrading health and safety in Northern Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Aoife Girvan ◽  
Graeme Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The agricultural sector is important to Northern Ireland (NI) as it accounts for almost 10% of all jobs and 75% of all land usage. Despite a reduction in fatalities in other sectors, the number of fatalities in the agricultural sector in NI has remained stubbornly consistent. This research looked to use qualitative data to explore the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and factors that influence health and safety measures and controls. Using a snowball sampling technique, a number of semi structure interviews were undertaken with participants to explore these areas. The findings of these semi-structured interviews identified six key themes: the importance of health and safety; the impact of poor health and safety; different generational attitudes; fear; time management and finance. This revealed that although participants feel they have some level of knowledge around health and safety, they felt this was lacking. However, a lack of knowledge did not mean they were unaware of the importance of health and safety and its potential impacts, although they perceived that farmers of a different generation to themselves were more at risk. Participants also indicated they were willing to make value judgements, where the need for action and cost of health and safety outweighs the importance implementing appropriate measures and control. Therefore, despite understanding the importance of health and safety, until the cost benefit equation is rebalanced for farmers in NI they still face significant risks to their health and safety.

scholarly journals Women’s lives in times of Zika: mosquito-controlled lives?

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rosa Linde ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
The Impact

Zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of congenital brain abnormalities. Its consequences to pregnancies has made governments, national and international agencies issue advices and recommendations to women. There is a clear need to investigate how the Zika outbreak affects the decisions that women take concerning their lives and the life of their families, as well as how women are psychologically and emotionally dealing with the outbreak. We conducted a qualitative study to address the impact of the Zika epidemic on the family life of women living in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and the US, who were affected by it to shed light on the social repercussions of Zika. Women were recruited through the snowball sampling technique and data was collected through semi-structured interviews. We describe the effects in mental health and the coping strategies that women use to deal with the Zika epidemic. Zika is taking a heavy toll on women’s emotional well-being. They are coping with feelings of fear, helplessness, and uncertainty by taking drastic precautions to avoid infection that affect all areas of their lives. Coping strategies pose obstacles in professional life, lead to social isolation, including from family and partner, and threaten the emotional and physical well-being of women. Our findings suggest that the impacts of the Zika epidemic on women may be universal and global. Zika infection is a silent and heavy burden on women’s shoulders.

scholarly journals EXPECTED COMPETENCES IN STARTUPS: PERCEPTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Caio Flávio Stettiner ◽  
Ednício Oliveira Lima ◽  
Eliane Pires Giavina Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Job Applicant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Snowball Sampling Technique

Based on theoretical models, such as those proposed in the studies of McClelland and Spencer and Spencer over the last forty years, this study identifies entrepreneurs’ perception of the impact of the required skills of a job applicant in startups. It uses the snowball sampling technique and direct observation in incubators and accelerators to conduct a qualitative analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the founders and managers of different impact ventures. From the analysis and discussion of this research, some of the skills required in startups are empathy, principles, ethical values, and other attributes of human nature. This study will be of practical value to job seekers, recruiters, and scholars as it suggests the skills that are required in the high-impact market, helping to develop better recruitment and training programs to their business.

scholarly journals Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in Uganda: A Case Study of the Lango Subregion

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Kaweesa ◽  
Saidi Mkomwa ◽  
Willibald Loiskandl
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ca Uptake ◽  
The Impact

Conservation agriculture (CA) is based on three principles: minimum soil disturbance, maintaining a soil cover through mulching with crop residues or planting cover crops, and practicing crop rotations. CA is practiced in many parts of the world for its benefits to soil and ability to improve yields, among others. There is little documented information on the status of CA adoption in the Lango region in mid-Northern Uganda. This study aimed at determining the extent of CA adoption in relation to the socioeconomic status of the farming population and suggesting relevant strategies for accelerating CA uptake specific to this region. A non-discriminative snowball-sampling technique was used to gather data from 417 households spread over three districts. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using household questionnaires. Farmers’ uptake of CA was related to information gained from training and the benefits that were observed in their fields. Some farm-level constraints in the region included the diminutive ratio of shared tools and equipment; the minimum presence and involvement of extension services; and seasonal rural markets that are dominated by middlemen. The impact that was attributed to the use of CA at the household level was improved yields. The strategy that was used to spread CA information to farmers also played a key role in increasing CA uptake in the region. This information is important for increasing CA adoption in this context given the socioeconomic status of the region.

scholarly journals The Impact of Xenophobic Attacks on the Livelihoods of Migrants in Selected Provinces of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Enoch Rabotata ◽  
◽  
Jabulani Makhubele ◽  
Themba Baloyi ◽  
Prudence Mafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
North West ◽  
Mpumalanga Province ◽  
The Impact

Migration and xenophobia are realities that cannot be ignored globally. Recently, there has been a plethora of xenophobic attacks as a result of structural and socio-economic conditions in South Africa. This paper aimed to establish the impact of xenophobic attacks on the livelihoods of migrants in selected provinces of South Africa. Researchers opted for a qualitative study using a case study design. Participants were drawn from the population in Limpopo, North-West and Mpumalanga Province. A snowball sampling technique was used to sample seven migrants from Zimbabwe, India, and Ethiopia using semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed thematically. The study revealed that most migrants who reside in the rural areas of South Africa seldom experience xenophobic attacks, and therefore their livelihoods are not always negatively affected. The study concluded that displacement, deportation, and loss of income due to xenophobic attacks are experiences of undocumented migrants in the cities and not in the rural areas. This study also makes recommendations that migration management policies be implemented fully in the rural areas because this is where undocumented migrants find comfort.

Impact and Challenges of Centres for Education and Community Action in Cameroon’s North West Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-74
Author(s):  
Fonteh Athanasius Amungwa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
North West ◽  
West Region ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of community education and challenges facing Centres for Education and Community Action as a rural development strategy in Cameroon. The study was conducted in the North-West Region of Cameroon, employing field observations, semi-structured interviews with key informants using a convenient sampling technique and through elaborate review of documents. These research instruments were blended into what is termed triangulation and the data collected was analysed descriptively. The main focus of qualitative analysis is to understand the ways in which people act and the accounts that people give for their actions. This paper posits that extreme dependence on the provision of Western formal education cannot solve the problems of a rapidly changing society like Cameroon, which is facing a long-term economic crisis and persistent unemployment issues of graduates. Consequently, education should be redefined in the context of the prevailing economic crisis to make it responsive to the aspirations of rural communities. Findings showed that community education had contributed towards rural development immensely but has suffered many challenges due to neglect of the field in the policy agenda. This paper recommends the integration of community education with formal education to facilitate group and community betterment in particular and rural transformation in general.

scholarly journals Selling Time Strategy dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesejahteraan Petani Garam

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
M. Munir Syam AR ◽  
Djoko Nestri Kwartatmono
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Direct Selling ◽  
Welfare Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor yang mendorong petani garam untuk menjual garam pasca panen/pungut secara langsung atau tidak langsung dan menganalisis dampak penerapan strategi tersebut terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan petani garam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Karanganyar, Kec. Kalianget, Kab. Sumenep. Objek dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada produk garam. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah snowball sampling dengan informan yang berasal dari petani garam dari desa Karanganyar. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, dokumentasi dan indepth interview secara langsung kepada informan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat faktor yang mempengaruhi petani garam dalam menerapkan strategi penjualan langsung atau tidak langsung yaitu harga garam, kebutuhan, kuantitas hasil produksi, dan gudang penyimpanan. Ketika harga garam mahal maka petani garam akan menggunakan strategi penjualan langsung. sebaliknya, ketika harga turun petani kecil tidak memiliki pilihan strategi selain menjual langsung tetapi petani dengan  skala besar lebih fleksibel.Kata Kunci: Garam, Kesejahteraan, Strategi AbstractThis study aims to explore the drivinf factors of salt farmers to sell salt directly or indirectly and analyze the impact of implementing this strategy on the welfare level of salt farmers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This research was conducted in Karanganyar Village, Kalianget, Sumenep district.. The object of this study is focused on salt products. The sampling technique used snowball sampling with informants who came from salt farmers from Karanganyar village. Data obtained through observation, documentation and in-depth interviews with informants. The results of this study indicate that there are four factors that influence salt farmers in implementing direct or indirect sales strategies, namely the price of salt, needs, quantity of production, and warehouse. When the price of salt is high, salt farmers will use a direct selling strategy. otherwise when prices fall small farmers have no choice of strategy other than selling directly but large scale farmers are more flexible.Keywords: Salt, Welfare, Strategy

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Keuangan Pemerintah di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 (Kasus Pada Pemerintah Provinsi Riau)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Yesi Mutia Basri ◽  
Gusnardi Gusnardi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to observe how local government financial management is in the face of the Covid-19 Pandemic—in particular, observing how budgeting, administration, and accountability of the Riau Provincial Government regarding the Covid-19 Pandemic. The research method used is a qualitative method with a type of case study. The data collection techniques used in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. To ensure the validity of the data, triangulation was carried out by carrying out source triangulation and technical triangulation. The informants in this study consisted of key informants, primary informants, and supporting informants. Key informants are the head of the budget, the head of the treasury, and the head of the accounting and reporting sub-section. While the primary informants and supporting informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data display data, and making conclusions. The results of the analysis show that the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic caused the Riau Provincial Government to refocus and reallocate the budget four times. At the administrative and accountability stages, there are problems with recording Unexpected Expenditures, namely the absence of technical guidelines regarding the administration of Unexpected Expenditures, determining spending limits for emergencies and urgency. Another problem is the absence of valid data for the distribution of aid funds for MSMEs affected by Covid-19 as well as valid documents in the recording of grant assistance from third parties. This research contributes to the government in making policies in financial management in a disaster emergency.Keyword: The Covid-19 Pandemic, Financial Management, Refocusing, Reallocation, Administration, Accountability AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi bagaimana pengelolaan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 ini. Secara khusus mengobservasi bagaimana penganggaran, penatausahaan dan pertanggungjawan Pemerintah Provinsi Riau terkait Pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara medalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Untuk meyakinkan keabsahan data, triangilasi dilakukan dengan melaksanakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari informan kunci, informan utama dan informan pendukung. Informan kunci adalah Kabid anggaran, kabid perbendaharaan dan kasubid akuntansi dan pelaporan. Sedangkan informan utama dan informan pendukung dipilih dengan teknik snowball sampling. Analisis data dilakukan  dengan tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data display data dan melakukan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan Pemerintah Provinsi Riau melakukan refocusing dan realokasi anggaran sebanyak empat kali pergeseran anggaran. Pada tahap penatausahaan dan pertanggungjawaban terdapat permasalahan pencatatan pada Belanja Tidak Terduga yaitu tidak adanya juknis tentang penatausahaan Belanja Tidak Terduga, penentuan batasan belanja untuk keadaan darurat dan mendesak.  Permasalahan lainnya yaitu tidak  adanya data yang valid untuk penyaluran dana  bantuan bagi UMKM yang terdampak Covid-19 serta dokumen yang valid dalam pencatatan bantuan hibah dari pihak ke tiga. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi kepada pemerintah dalam membuat kebijakan dalam pengelolaan keuangan pada keadaan darurat bencana. Kata Kunci :  Pandemi Covid-19, Pengelolaan Keungan, Refocusing, Realokasi, Penatausahaan, Pertanggungjawaban

scholarly journals Cost efficient internet of things based smart farm system for rural farmers: Leveraging design thinking approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Segun Adebayo ◽  
Ozichi Emuoyibofarhe ◽  
Tolulope Awofolaju
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Farmers are faced with challenges of producing enough food and the use of traditional methods seems not to keep pace with the ever-growing demand of the populace thus creating increased concern in food scarcity. Although it has been identified that smart tools will enhance the production pace needed in the Agricultural sector, unfortunately, most of these tools are designed for farmers without their inputs, thus creating tools that are not meeting demands. This study focused on a farmer-centered design, development, and deployment approach to improving farm productivity. The design thinking approach was used to identify the specific need of the farmers in selected areas, ideas were created using brainstorming sessions involving experts in the field, and prototypes were developed and deployed to evaluate the impact performance. The result shows that the proposed system improved the cost-benefit ratio of crop farming from 2.14 to 2.26. This is a 12% productivity increase.

scholarly journals The Impact of Covid-19 and the Effect of Psychological Factors on Training Conditions of Handball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6471
Author(s):  
Daniel Mon-López ◽  
Alfonso de la Rubia Riaza ◽  
Mónica Hontoria Galán ◽  
Ignacio Refoyo Roman
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Isolation Period

The spread of COVID-19 has altered sport in Spain, forcing athletes to train at home. The objectives of the study were: (i) to compare training and recovery conditions before and during the isolation period in handball players according to gender and competitive level, and (ii) to analyse the impact of psychological factors during the isolation period. A total of 187 participants (66 women and 121 men) answered a Google Forms questionnaire about demographics, training, moods, emotional intelligence, and resilience sent using the snowball sampling technique. T-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare sport level and gender differences. Linear regressions were used to analyse the psychological influence on training. Handball players reduced training intensity (in the whole sample; p = 0.44), training volume (especially in professional female handball players; p < 0.001), and sleep quality (especially in professional male handball players; p = 0.21) and increased sleep hours (especially in non-professional female players; p = 0.006) during the isolation period. Furthermore, psychological factors affected all evaluated training and recovery conditions during the quarantine, except for sleep quantity. Mood, emotional intelligence, and resilience have an influence on physical activity levels and recovery conditions. In addition, training components were modified under isolation conditions at p < 0.001. We conclude that the COVID-19 isolation period caused reductions in training volume and intensity and decreased sleep quality. Furthermore, psychological components have a significant impact on training and recovery conditions.

scholarly journals The impact of intelligent manufacturing elements on product design towards reducing production waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 184797901986395
Author(s):  
Jamal Ahmed Hama Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Production Waste ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Impact

With ever-increasing market competition and advances in technology, more and more countries are prioritizing for advanced and intelligent manufacturing technology as a top priority for improving product design and reducing production waste towards promoting economic growth. Consequently, this study empirically tests the set of intelligent manufacturing elements (IMEs) that affect product design towards minimizing production waste at mineral water factories in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The results of this study were based on the data obtained from the mixed methods represented in a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews in the framework of the case study. The questionnaire survey already has been tested. The sample of the study was 269 respondents selected based on a stratified sampling technique. The criteria for choosing the respondents to be part of the study were based on the status of full-time employee of the organization. The findings showed that among the IMEs addressed in this study, each intelligent device and intelligent process had had a strong impact on improving product design, and hence the efficient use of manufacturing resources towards reducing manufacturing waste in the industrial organizations.

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