scholarly journals Etiological and Pathomorphological Investigations of Coronavirus and Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Goat Kids and Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismet Kalkanov ◽  
Ivan Dinev ◽  
Ivan Zarkov
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

Abstract The aim of the performed field and laboratory investigations was to determine the commonest enteropathogens in neonatal and juvenile lambs and goat kids, as well as induced macro- and microscopic alterations in the different digestive system compartments. The study comprised a total of 850 newborn and juvenile lambs (600) and goat kids (250) from 9 private dairy farms (3 goat farms, 6 sheep farms). The age of animals was from 24 hours to 20 days. The following rapid antigen detection tests were used: (Rainbow calf scour 5 BIO K 306, Monoclonal Antibody anti-Coronavirus аnd Rotavirus FITC conjugated, BIOX Diagnostics, Belgium). Gross anatomy and histopathological examination of tissue samples was performed on 21 carcasses (9 goat kids and 12 lambs) from animals that died with signs of gastroenteritis. The main detected agents of intestinal infections were Cryptosporidium parvum, rotaviruses, coronaviruses and Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals Etiological and Pathomorphological Investigations in Calves with Coronaviral Pneumoenteritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Ismet Kalkanov ◽  
Ivan Dinev ◽  
Ivan Zarkov
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Cattle Farms

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to report the primary gross and microscopic lesions, as well as etiological agents of field cases of pneumoenteritis in neonate and juvenile calves. The research was done with 370 calves from 6 cattle farms in 4 regions of the country. The age of the animals was from 24 hours to 25 days. Clinical and epidemiological studies were carried out with newborn and growing calves in all farms. For rapid antigenic and viral detection of pathogens, Rainbow calf scour 5 BIO K 306 Detection of Rota, Corona, E.coli F5, Crypto and Clostridium perf. in bovine stool (BIOX Diagnostics, Belgium), and Monoclonal Antibody anti-bovine Coronavirus FITC conjugated) 0,5 ml (20X), BIO 023, (BIOX Diagnostics, Belgium) were used. Eighteen carcasses of calves with signs of pneumoenteritis syndrome (PES) were submitted to gross anatomy and histopathological studies. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) was the main etiological agent involved in calf pneumoenteritis. The macro- and micro lesions in the lung and the ileum of calves affected by PES are relevant with regard to the differential diagnosis of the syndrome and its differentiation from respiratory (IBR, BVD, BRSV, M. haemolytica etc.) and intestinal (Cryptosporidium parvum, bovine rotaviruses, bovine coronaviruses and Escherichia coli K99 (F5) diseases in this category of animals.

Clinical, haematological and pathomorphological findings in Mycoplasma suis infected pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Stadler ◽  
Julia Ade ◽  
Walter Hermanns ◽  
Mathias Ritzmann ◽  
Sarah Wentzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Cell Tropism ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Mycoplasma Suis ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Normocytic Anaemia ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

Abstract Background Mycoplasma suis belongs to the group of haemotrophic mycoplasmas and is known as the causative agent of infectious anaemia in pigs. In the last few years valuable insights into the mechanism of adhesion and invasion, shedding patterns and cell tropism of M. suis were gained by the use of new molecular techniques. However, details on M. suis induced lesions as well as the distribution of M. suis in different organs are still lacking. Therefore, seven splenectomised pigs were experimentally infected and clinical and laboratory investigations as well as a detailed histopathological examination were performed. Detection and quantification of M. suis DNA in blood and various tissue samples was done using a quantitative real-time PCR.Results During the course of experimental infection, periodically occurring signs of infectious anaemia of pigs including severe icteroanaemia, fever, apathy and anorexia were observed. In addition, dermatological manifestations such as haemorrhagic diathesis presenting as petechiae occurred. The most important haematological alterations were normochromic, normocytic anaemia, hypoglycaemia as well as increased bilirubin and urea concentrations. Necropsy revealed predominant evidence of haemolysis with consecutive anaemia, as well as disseminated intravascular coagulation. M. suis was found in all investigated tissues with the highest copy numbers found in the kidneys. In Giemsa stained sections M. suis was only detected red blood cell (RBC)-associated.Conclusion In the present study, no RBC independent sequestration of M. suis was detected in organs of experimentally infected pigs. Pathological findings are most likely resulting from haemolysis, consecutive anaemia as well as from disseminated intravascular coagulation and subsequent organ impairments.

scholarly journals Clinical, haematological and pathomorphological findings in Mycoplasma suis infected pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Stadler ◽  
Julia Ade ◽  
Walter Hermanns ◽  
Mathias Ritzmann ◽  
Sarah Wentzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Cell Tropism ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Mycoplasma Suis ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Normocytic Anaemia ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

Abstract Background Mycoplasma suis (M. suis) belongs to the group of haemotrophic mycoplasmas and is known as the causative agent of infectious anaemia in pigs. In the last few years valuable insights into the mechanism of adhesion and invasion, shedding patterns and cell tropism of M. suis were gained by the use of new molecular techniques. However, details on M. suis induced lesions as well as the distribution of M. suis in different organs are still lacking. Therefore, seven splenectomised pigs were experimentally infected and clinical and laboratory investigations as well as a detailed histopathological examination were performed. Detection and quantification of M. suis DNA in blood and various tissue samples was done using a quantitative real-time PCR. Results During the course of experimental infection, periodically occurring signs of infectious anaemia of pigs including severe icteroanaemia, fever, apathy and anorexia were observed. In addition, dermatological manifestations such as haemorrhagic diathesis presenting as petechiae occurred. The most important haematological alterations were normochromic, normocytic anaemia, hypoglycaemia as well as increased bilirubin and urea concentrations. Necropsy revealed predominant evidence of haemolysis with consecutive anaemia, as well as disseminated intravascular coagulation. M. suis was found in all investigated tissues with the highest copy numbers found in the kidneys. In Giemsa stained sections M. suis was only detected red blood cell (RBC)-associated. Conclusion In the present study, no RBC independent sequestration of M. suis was detected in organs of experimentally infected pigs. Pathological findings are most likely resulting from haemolysis, consecutive anaemia as well as from disseminated intravascular coagulation and subsequent organ impairments.

scholarly journals Colibacillosis in commercial chickens in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Khaton ◽  
MG Haider ◽  
PK Paul ◽  
PM Das ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Nutrient Broth ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Focal Necrosis ◽  
Air Sacs ◽  
Apparently Healthy ◽  
Commercial Chickens

The prevalence of colibacillosis in layer chickens was studied from May to September 2007. Sixty five cloacal swabs from apparently healthy birds and 55 swabs of liver (n=15), lung (n=15) and intestine (n=25) from 30 dead birds were collected in sterile nutrient broth, with histopathological samples. Bacteria were isolated and identified. Tissue samples were studied under light microscope. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was isolated from 83% of cloacal swabs of apparently healthy chickens and 87% of samples from dead birds. Affected birds had cloudy thickened air sacs, pericarditis, congestion in the liver, lung and spleen. On histopathological examination focal necrosis in liver and infiltration of heterophils, lymphocytes and macrophages in liver and lung was found. Thickening of pericardium was found due to infiltration of reticulo endothelial (RE) cells. In duodenum, severe infiltration of leukocytes mainly heterophils, lymphocytes and macrophages was found in the sub-mucosa. DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v25i1.4614 Bangl. vet. 2008. Vol. 25, No. 1, 17-24

STUDIES ON SOME BACTERIAL DISEASES IN OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCES TO TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Ahmed EL-gamal ◽  
Yasmin Reyad
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Total Prevalence

he present research carried out to study the common bacterial infections in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in Manzala area at Dakahlia governorate and possible antimicrobial agents used for treatment. A total number of 400 fish were randomly collected from Manzala private farms at Dakahlia governorate and subjected to the clinical, bacteriological and histopathological examination. The highest prevalence of bacterial isolates during the whole period of examination of naturally infected O.niloticus was recorded for A.hydrophila (22.66%), followed by V.alginolyticus (19.01%), V.parahemolyticus (13.80%), Streptococcus spp. (12.24%), A.caviae (11.72%), V.cholera (10.16%), A.salmonicida (7.55%), while the lowest prevalence was recorded for Klebsiella oxytoca (2.86%). The seasonal highest total prevalence of bacterial isolates from examined naturally infected O. niloticus was recorded in spring (30.21%), followed by autumn (28.39%), then summer (22.40%) and the lowest prevalence was recorded in winter (19.01%). Histopathological findings of the tissue samples which collected from different organs of naturally infected O.niloticus revealed that spleen show marked hemosiderosis and sever hemorrhage, gills showsever congestion of lamellar capillaries with marked aneurysm, necrosis and hemorrhage of lamellar epithelium and liver show sever hydropic degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, Ciprofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic against all isolated bacterial strains

scholarly journals Assessing viability of a minimally invasive autopsy technique in ascertaining the probable cause of death in patients who were SARS CoV19 positive at the time of their demise

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay H. Bhandarwar ◽  
Girish D. Bakhshi ◽  
Eham Arora ◽  
Nikhil Dhimole ◽  
Sanjay R. Bijwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
World Health ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Conventional Autopsy ◽  
Minimally Invasive Autopsy ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background SARS CoV-19 was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), raising up challenges on various levels ranging from therapeutics to diagnostics. The conventional autopsy technique may pose a health hazard to health care workers. A minimally invasive autopsy technique can diminish this hazard. Materials and methods Between August and November 2020, 51 patients who were suffering from Covid-19 at the time of their demise were included. A novel minimally invasive ultrasound-guided technique for procuring tissue samples of major organs was employed which were thereafter subject to histopathological examination. A detailed review of the course in hospital was noted. An analysis was performed to correlate the cause of death ascertained from our minimally invasive technique with the cause of death ascertained clinically. Results There was adequate tissue sampling in 45 cases, where the minimally invasive autopsy technique confirmed the cause of death in all 45 cases (100%) and made it more specific in 5 cases (11.11%). Conclusion Minimally Invasive Autopsy is an easily reproducible technique which has the potential to strengthen the probable the cause of death with reasonable certainty while ensuring safety and ethics.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Escherichia coli from neighboring small-scale dairy farms

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Andrei Rosales-Castillo ◽  
Ma. Soledad Vázquez-Garcidueñas ◽  
Hugo Álvarez-Hernández ◽  
Omar Chassin-Noria ◽  
Alba Irene Varela-Murillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Dairy

Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolates in cattle and house sparrows on two Czech dairy farms

2008 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dolejská ◽  
D. Šenk ◽  
A. Čížek ◽  
J. Rybaříková ◽  
O. Sychra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
House Sparrows

scholarly journals Prevalence of theeaeA gene in verotoxigenicEscherichia colistrains from dairy cattle in Southwest Ontario

1996 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Sandhu ◽  
R. C. Clarke ◽  
K. McFadden ◽  
A. Brouwer ◽  
M. Louie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Cattle Disease ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Random Survey ◽  
Amplification Procedure

SummaryThis study determined the prevalence of theeaeA gene and its relationship to serotype and type of verotoxin produced in a collection of 432 verotoxigenicEscherichia coli(VTEC) obtained from the faeces of healthy cows and calves in a systematic random survey involving 80 dairy farms in Southwest Ontario. A PCR amplification procedure involving primer pairs which target the conserved central region of the O157:H7eaeA. gene showed that 151 (35·2%) strains were positive for the eaeA gene. All isolates (9–21 for each O group) of O groups 5, 26, 69, 84, 103, 111, 145 and 157 were positive, whereas all isolates (7–34 for each O group) of O groups 113, 132, and 153 and serotype O156:NM (38 isolates) were negative foreaeA. Seventy-three percent of 130 isolates ofeaeA-positive serotypes produced VT1 only compared with 20% of 253 isolates ofeaeA-negative serotypes. We conclude that there is a strong association between certain O groups and theeaeA gene, that serotypes ofeaeA-positive and eaeA-negative VTEC implicated in human and cattle disease are present at high frequency in the faeces of healthy cattle, that VT1 is more frequently associated witheaeA-positive than witheaeA-negative serogroups, and that the eaeA gene is more frequently found in VTEC from calves compared with VTEC from adult cattle.

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