scholarly journals Influence of Plum Rootstocks on the Content of Reducing Sugars in the Annual Shoots of Cultivar ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzintra Dēķena ◽  
Heljo Jänes ◽  
Ina Alsiņa
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Physiological Factor ◽  
Prunus Cerasifera ◽  
Horticultural Research

Abstract The lack of suitable plum rootstocks for Baltic conditions has become a problem during recent years due to changing climatic conditions. Rapid temperature fluctuations between freezing and thawing are occurring more frequently. The winter-hardiness of rootstocks is essential for overwintering of trees in such conditions. The content of accumulated reducing sugars is an important physiological factor influencing wintering ability of trees. The dynamics of reducing sugars was investigated during two winter seasons (2010/2011 and 2011/2012) in one-year-old ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ (Prunus x rossica Erem.) hybrid plum shoots from two orchards planted in 2001 at Pūre Horticultural Research Centre (Latvia) and Polli Horticultural Research Centre (Estonia). Cultivar ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ was grafted on eight clonal rootstocks: ‘St. Julien A’, ‘Brompton’ cuttings, ‘Ackermann’, ‘Pixy’, GF8/1, G5/22, GF655/2, ‘Hamyra’ and eight seedling rootstocks: ‘St. Julien INRA 2’, ‘St. Julien d’Orleans’, ‘St. Julien Noir’, ‘Brompton’ seedlings, ‘Wangenheims Zwetsche’, ‘St. Julien Wädenswill’, ‘Myrobаlan’ and Prunus cerasifera var. divaricata. Trees were planted at 5×3 m spacing in four replications per rootstock with three trees per plot. Shoot samples were harvested five times during the winter period. The concentration of reducing sugars (mg g-1 dry weight) was determined with Bertran’s method. Significant differences in concentration of reducing sugar were found between samples coming from different locations and in two seasons. The maximum concentration of reducing sugar was found in December or January depending on growing location and meteorological conditions

Agrobiological assessment of adaptive plum varieties in the conditions of the Orenburg Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
V. R. Bashirova ◽  
E. M. Feschenko
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Horticultural Research

The article presents data of agrobiological evaluation (2018-2021) of plum collection samples of Orenburg branch of Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. The research was aimed at identifying varieties and forms with the best characteristics of winter hardiness, drought resistance, productivity. In the Orenburg Urals, breeding development measures aimed at increasing the adaptability and productivity of plum plantations are appropriate. According to the results of a comprehensive assessment of productivity and adaptability, promising plum varieties have been identified. The best adaptability to adverse weather and climatic conditions of the winter period was characteristic of plum varieties Kuyashskaya and Vega. According to the weight of the fruit, Antonina and Kuyashskaya varieties (24,26 g and 23,19 g) stood out as promising plum varieties. The highest productivity index was found in the plum varieties Svetlana (12,46 kg) and Nadezhda (11,48 kg), the yield of these varieties was 5 and 5,4 t/ha, respectively. The Khabarovsk early and Svetlana varieties were characterized by the greatest accumulation of dry soluble substances –17,93 and 16,72 %. The highest total acidity (1,78 %) and the ascorbic acid content (9,46 mg%) were marked in the Svetlana variety. Characteristics of the water regime were the best in forms 12-7, 11-10 and varieties Antonina, Kuyashskaya. The identified adaptive plum varieties can be recommended for the expansion of the zoned assortment on the territory of the Orenburg Urals.

scholarly journals Influence of innovative forms of fertilizers on the adaptive potential of tea plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
A. G. Lagoshina ◽  
E. K. Pchikhachev ◽  
O. G. Belous
Keyword(s):  
Bound Water ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is dedicated to the search for effective ways to regulate the functional state of tea plants under stress that ensure an increase in yield and its stability in varying climatic conditions, preserving and improving the quality of products (finished tea). The research was carried out during 2019-2020 on the basis of the Adygeya Branch of the Federal Research Centre “The Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences” on tea plants of the Kimyn variety population. It is shown that the winter period can be considered comfortable for the tea culture, while in the summer the plants regularly suffer hydrothermal stress. During the action of stress factors in the period of summer depression, in the pre-winter months (October-November), on variants with foliar treatments with innovative forms of fertilizers, there was a slight increase in bound water, active formation of proline and ascorbic acid in physiologically mature tea leaves. The use of innovative forms of fertilizers is an element of activation of the nonspecific protection mechanism and can become the main element of the technology of cultivation of tea plants.

A Predictive Model of the Impact of the Skidding System on Forest Soil in Severe Climatic Conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
S.E. Rudov ◽  
◽  
V.Ya. Shapiro ◽  
O.I. Grigoreva ◽  
I.V. Grigorev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Rapid Adjustment ◽  
Soil Freezing And Thawing ◽  
The Impact

In the Russian Federation logging operations are traditionally carried out in winter. This is due to the predominance of areas with swamped and water-logged (class III and IV) soils in the forest fund, where work of forestry equipment is difficult, and sometimes impossible in the warm season. The work of logging companies in the forests of the cryolithozone, characterized by a sharply continental climate, with severe frosts in winter, is hampered by the fact that forest machines are not recommended to operate at temperatures below –40 °C due to the high probability of breaking of metal structures and hydraulic system. At the same time, in the warm season, most of the cutting areas on cryosolic soils become difficult to pass for heavy forest machines. It turns out that the convenient period for logging in the forests of the cryolithozone is quite small. This results in the need of work in the so-called off-season period, when the air temperature becomes positive, and the thawing processes of the soil top layer begin. The same applies to the logging companies not operating in the conditions of cryosolic soils, for instance, in the Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, Vologda regions, etc. The observed climate warming has led to a significant reduction in the sustained period of winter logging. Frequent temperature transitions around 0 °C in winter, autumn and spring necessitate to work during the off-season too, while cutting areas thaw. In bad seasonal and climatic conditions, which primarily include off-season periods in general and permafrost in particular, it is very difficult to take into account in mathematical models features of soil freezing and thawing and their effect on the destruction nature. The article shows that the development of long-term predictive models of indicators of cyclic interaction between the skidding system and forest soil in adverse climatic conditions of off-season logging operations in order to improve their reliability requires rapid adjustment of the calculated parameters based on the actual experimental data at a given step of the cycles.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Quality of Garlic cv. Yamuna Safed-3

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Priyanshu ◽  
M K Singh ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
Sunil Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Horticultural Research

An experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Centre, SVP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (UP) during Rabi season of 2018-19 to assess the impact of different INM doses on yield and quality parameters of garlic. A total of ten treatments consisting of combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers like T1- (Control), T2RDF (100:50:50 kg NPK ha-1), T3-RDF + 20 kg sulphur + FYM 20 ton ha-1, T4- RDF + 20 kg sulphur + VC 4 ton ha-1, T5- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 5 ton FYM ha-1+ PSB 5 kg ha-1, T6-75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 2 ton VC + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 3 ton + VC 1 ton+ PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5kg ha-1, T8- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg ha-1, T9- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM5 ton + VC 2 ton+ Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1and T10- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1 were used in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Out of these an application of T7 (75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM3 ton + VC 1 ton ha-1 + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1) was found to be significantly superior in term of yield and attributing parameters of garlic.

scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Organic- and Hard-Rock Mine Wastes on Aided Phytostabilization of Large-Scale Mine Tailings under Semiarid Mediterranean Climatic Conditions: Short-Term Field Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Santibañez ◽  
Luz María de la Fuente ◽  
Elena Bustamante ◽  
Sergio Silva ◽  
Pedro León-Lobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hard Rock ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Site Rehabilitation

The study evaluated the efficacy of organic- and hard-rock mine waste type materials on aided phytostabilization of Cu mine tailings under semiarid Mediterranean conditions in order to promote integrated waste management practices at local levels and to rehabilitate large-scale (from 300 to 3,000 ha) postoperative tailings storage facilities (TSFs). A field trial with 13 treatments was established on a TSF to test the efficacy of six waste-type locally available amendments (grape and olive residues, biosolids, goat manure, sediments from irrigation canals, and rubble from Cu-oxide lixiviation piles) during early phases of site rehabilitation. Results showed that, even though an interesting range of waste-type materials were tested, biosolids (100 t ha-1dry weight, d.w.) and grape residues (200 t ha-1d.w.), either alone or mixed, were the most suitable organic amendments when incorporated into tailings to a depth of 20 cm. Incorporation of both rubble from Cu-oxide lixiviation piles and goat manure into upper tailings also had effective results. All these treatments improved chemical and microbiological properties of tailings and lead to a significant increase in plant yield after three years from trial establishment. Longer-term evaluations are, however required to evaluate self sustainability of created systems without further incorporation of amendments.

scholarly journals Projections of surface air temperature required to sustain permafrost and importance of adaptation to climate change in the Daisetsu Mountains, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuta Yokohata ◽  
Go Iwahana ◽  
Toshio Sone ◽  
Kazuyuki Saito ◽  
Noriko N. Ishizaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Alpine Ecosystems ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Slope Displacement

AbstractPermafrost is known to occur in high mountainous areas such as the Daisetsu Mountains in Japan, which are located at the southernmost limit of the permafrost distribution in the world. In this study, areas with climatic conditions suitable for sustaining permafrost in the Daisetsu Mountains are projected using bias-corrected and downscaled climate model outputs and statistical relationships between surface air temperatures and permafrost areas. Using freezing and thawing indices, the size of the area in the Daisetsu Mountains where climatic conditions were suitable for permafrost were estimated to be approximately 150 km2 in 2010. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, this area is projected to decrease to about 30 km2 by 2050 and it is projected to disappear by around 2070. Under the RCP2.6 scenario, the area is projected to decrease to approximately 20 km2 by 2100. The degradation of mountain permafrost could potentially affect the stability of trekking trails due to slope displacement, and it may also have deleterious effects on current alpine ecosystems. It is therefore important to accurately monitor changes in the mountain ecosystem environment and to implement measures to adapt to an environment that is projected to change significantly in the future.

scholarly journals Concrete based on sulfur binder being modified with inorganic additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Vadim Balabanov ◽  
Victor Baryshok ◽  
Nikita Epishkin
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Water Saturated

The sharply continental climate of the Irkutsk region is characterized by wide temperature intervals throughout the year. The repeated cyclicity of freezing and thawing of building materials in the water-saturated state influences the change in technical characteristics and the durability of concrete products and structures. The concrete products’ features in such climatic conditions create the need for the production of concretes with improved indicators of physical and mechanical properties. The effect of modifying additives on the technological characteristics of sulfur concrete is established. The effect of all elements of sulfur concrete on its strength and frost resistance. The composition of sulfuric concrete is obtained, which meets all the requirements and also has high strength and increased frost resistance. Formulations with a certain ratio of structural sulfuric concrete mixtures were developed. As a result of the use of technical sulfur in the composition of concrete products, the problem of utilizing annually accumulating reserves of technical sulfur is partially solved. The strength properties of sulfuric concretes easily compete with high-quality brands of concrete, special types of concretes that have in their composition additives.

scholarly journals Clinical spectrum of facial hypermelanosis: a descriptive study from a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Mohammed Thoyyib ◽  
Roshni Menon ◽  
Brinda G. David
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Face ◽  
Detailed Clinical History

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Facial melanosis (FM) which refers to brown, black or blue pigmentation over the face is a common cosmetic concern in Indian patients. This increased incidence could be due to remarkable diversity of Indian ethinic population. Pigmentary disorders of the face are a great cosmetic and psychological concern for the patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is an extensive descriptive clinico epidemiological study comprising of 1024 patients, conducted at Sri Venkateshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, for a period of one and a half years. A detailed clinical history and examination was done, and all the clinical photographs and data were recorded. Necessary investigations like skin biopsy and patch testing was done wherever required.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The maximum number of patients belong to the age group of 21-35 years with a female predominance (67.2%). Among patients of FM, post inflammatory pigmentation (35.3%) was the most common comprising of 362 patients, followed by melasma (17.2%), periorbital melanosis (15.7%), seborrheic melanosis (7.5%) followed by other causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> FM is common in Indian skin, several of which have overlapping features, and some have defined clinical classification. Additionally, climatic conditions, cosmetic usage and social parameters predispose to the increased incidence of FM.</p>

scholarly journals Commercial-biological estimation of the Paeonia lactiflora Pall. variety from the genetic collection of the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticultural Research Centre for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
E. M. Feshchenko ◽  
A. V. Kelina ◽  
A. I. Lokhova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Paeonia Lactiflora ◽  
Landscape Gardening ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Continental Climate

Peony lactiflorous (Paeonia lactiflora Pall) is one of the most common ornamental plants in commercial and amateur horticulture. The popularity of this species is explained by its adaptability to low temperatures in winter, high decorative value and the possibility of obtaining new sustainable varieties. This article presents data on 12 promising peony lactiflorous introduced varieties of the ornamental plant genetic collection of the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticultural Research Centre for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (FRC of Horticulture) (Akron, Albert Crousse, Betty Groff, Madame Emile Lemoine, Madame de Verneville, Maestro, Ruth Clay, Sarah Bernhardt, Tulagi, Valencia, Waikik, Cruiser Aurora). The research was performed in 2018–2020 using conventional methods. To evaluate the influence of the genotype and climatic factors on the real seed production, the data were statistically processed, including a two-way analysis of variance. Upon evaluating the decorativeness, commercial-biological characteristics, introduced stability, it was established that these varieties are suitable for landscape gardening in the Orenburg region. Considering the set of metrics (high decorative value, phenological resistance, introduced prospects, commercial-biological value, varietal features), the Madame Emile Lemoine (double-flowered shape, diameter of 17 cm) and Akron (Japanese flower shape, diameter of 16 cm) varieties offer the combination of the most favourable characteristics for the steppe zone of the South Urals owing to their distinct flower scent, folious shoots, abundant flowering lasting for 13 days and over 3 flowers in the flower spike. The above varieties are characterised by the greatest real seed production (1,727.33±91.8 and 1,767.56±90.8 seeds/bush, respectively), high decorative value, stable phenophase, adaptivity to the sharply continental climate. Thus, further breeding work is recommended. The described peony lactiflorous varieties are promising and recommended for landscape gardening.

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