scholarly journals 18Th Century Vistula River Geography in View of Franciszek Florian Czaki’s Maps

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Strzelecki
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Terrain Mapping ◽  
Water Networks ◽  
Unique Information ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

Abstract Old maps are proven to be very useful when it comes to solution of the modern research problems and are widely used in various science disciplines connected with specification of mutual relations between elements of the geographical environment. This fact stems from the increased consciousness of unique information recorded on old maps, which at their time constituted a basis for subsequent cartographical studies. The geographical characteristics of the Vistula river were depicted in a handwritten 12-sheet map made the first half of the 18th century by Franciszek Florian Czaki, a military cartographer. On the basis of his own terrain mapping, Franciszek Florian Czaki succeeded in creation of his work, which was intended to provide an example for the designed, detailed map of Poland, ordered by Józef Aleksander Jabłonowski, the Nowogród voivode, and later by the king Stanisław August Poniatowski. The map was fully based on terrain mapping, which included such details as: settlement, road and water networks, forests, land relief as well as main types of ownership: crown-, church-, and nobility-owned.

scholarly journals Na transição para a moderna cartografia. As cartas náuticas da região de Lisboa de Tofiño e Franzini

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (58) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Dias ◽  
Maria Fernanda Alegria
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Portuguese Coast ◽  
Old Maps

AT THE TRANSFORMATION TO MODERN CARTOGRAPHY. THE NAUTICAL CHARTS OF THE LISBON AREA ACCORDING TO TOFIÑO AND FRANZINI - This study shows the representation of the Lisbon area as presented by two of the cartographers whose achievements were paramount to improving our knowledge of the coastline: the Spaniard D. Vicente Tofiño de San Miguel (1732-1795) and the Portuguese Mariano Miguel Franzini (1769-1861). The study follows the research embarked upon in 1991, which focuses on old maps of the Portuguese coastline giving a rather detailed depiction of the Lisbon area. The paper dwells briefly on the 16th to 18th century maps analysed in previous studies, presenting then the cartographic production of Tofiño and Franzini that was amenable to inventory. Their production is given against a syntesis of each of their professional backgrounds as technical, military and scientific officials.The representations of the Lisbon coastline in Tofiño's 1788 chart and in Franzini's 1811 charts are analysed and compared to present-day hydrographic charts. The comparison procedure is enhanced through computerized manipulation of the information contained in the documents. Tofiño Spherical Chart (Carta esférica) shows few innovations in the patterning of the Portuguese coastline with the oldest known representations, which is not the case of the remaining charts in his invaluable Maritime Atlas of Spain (Atlas maritimo de España) (1789). The modern outlines of the Portuguese coast are in fact owed to Franzini, who produced both a Reduced Chart (Carta reduzida) and detailed charts. The comparison between current hydrographic charts and Franzini's charts emphasizes his accuracy in representing the coastline, with a considerable number of soundings that indeed enabled diagrammatic renderings of depth contours in the simplified charts shown in this study.

Bouvard's Boulevards: Beaux-Arts Planning in Istanbul

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Çelik
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Western World ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
International Exposition ◽  
Imperial Capital ◽  
Aesthetic Values ◽  
Civic Center ◽  
Geographical Characteristics ◽  
Early 18Th Century

From the early 18th century on, the ruling elite of the Ottoman Empire equated European civilization with progress. Not only technological innovations, but also social, cultural, and aesthetic values of the Western World were warmly embraced. A renovation project prepared in 1902 for the imperial capital, Istanbul, reflected this attitude in the field of urban design and architecture. Its author was a prominent Beaux-Arts-trained Parisian architect, Joseph Antoine Bouvard. Bouvard's five large-sized watercolor drawings, now in the Istanbul University Library, depict his proposals for the Hippodrome, Beyazit Square, Valide Square, and the Galata Bridge. The Hippodrome is made a geometrically landscaped park; Beyazit Square is converted into a civic center; the new Valide Square duplicates the Trocadero scheme of the 1878 Paris International Exposition; and the design features of the 1900 Pont Alexandre III in Paris are adopted for the Galata Bridge. Largely disregarding the architectural heritage as well as the geographical characteristics of the capital, the architect proposed a major facelifting operation with the intention of turning Istanbul into the Paris of the East. Although the abstract nature of this project made its application impossible, the image, transmitted through Bouvard's masterful drawings, enjoyed a great deal of praise from Sultan Abdülhamit II and his entourage. This article analyzes Bouvard's avant-projet against the background of early-20th-century Istanbul's urban fabric.

scholarly journals ИСТОРИЈА ЈЕДНЕ КАРТОГРАФСКЕ ЗАБЛУДЕ – ЕРШОМЉО (ВРШАЦ) НА СТАРИМ ГЕОГРАФСКИМ КАРТАМА HISTORY OF A CARTOGRAPHIC MISCONCEPTION – ÉRSOMLYÓ (VRŠAC) IN OLD GEOGRAPHIC MAPS

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-188
Author(s):  
Александар Крстић
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

У раду се анализирају старе географске карте, настале од осмадесетих година XV до половине XVIII века, на којима су приказани тврђава или насеље Ершомљо. Иако је овај јужнобанатски град после пада под османску власт (1552) током друге половине XVI столећа трајно променио име у Вршац, Ершомљо је и даље упорно приказиван у бројним картографским публикацијама насталим у западној Европи у наведеном периоду. Услед погрешног преузимања података са старих карата и непознавања савремене географије европске Турске, па тако ни Баната, Ершомљо је на анализираним картама најчешће лоциран знатно источније, некада и на саму границу Баната према Трансилванији и Влашкој. Од друге половине XVII века, а посебно у време Великог бечког рата, на европским географским картама почиње да се појављује и Вршац. Међутим, на неким картама из овог периода механички су преношени подаци са старијих карата, па је паралелно с Вршцем уцртаван и Ершомљо. The paper analyses old geographic maps, created from the 1480s until the mid-18th century, which show the fortress or settlement of Érsomlyó. Although this south Banat town, after its fall under Ottoman rule (1552) permanently changed its name into Vršac in the second half of the 16th century, Érsomlyó was still persistently shown in numerous cartographic publications created in Western Europe in this period. Due to erroneous copying of data from old maps and the lack of knowledge about the contemporary geography of European Turkey, including Banat, in the analysed maps Érsomlyó is most often located much more eastward, sometimes on the very border of Banat towards Transylvania and Wallachia. From the second half of the 17th century, particularly at the time of the Great Turkish War, Vršac also began to appear in European geographic maps. However, data from older maps were mechanically transferred to some maps from this period, and Érsomlyó was inscribed in parallel with Vršac.

scholarly journals Historiographical research framework UkrainianVatican relations 1919 – 1921 years

2014 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Ivan Shtogryn
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Holy See ◽  
International Recognition ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Mutual Relations

The article Shtogrin I.P. «Historiographical research framework UkrainianVatican relations 1919 – 1921 years» examines the state of scientific development in domestic and foreign historiography research problems of mutual relations of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Vatican during the 1919 – 1921 years have been analysed in the context of international recognition of Ukrainian statehood and Eastern plans Holy See.

scholarly journals System wzajemnych relacji między centrum i regionami: lekcja rodzimej tradycji politycznej

Politeja ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7 (34/2)) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Walerij Kowalenko
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
State System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Political Tradition ◽  
System Building ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Mutual Relations

System of mutual relations between the center and regions: lessons of domestic political tradition The main focus of interest in the text is the influence of geographical environment, geopolitics, mentality, tradition on state system building in Russia. The Author stresses that the Russian state is influenced by general mechanisms of history, but on the other hand, some specific features of Russian history have been voiced by many Russian historians who noticed that due to inner and outer circumstances the state development in Russia generally was forced by the authority, from above. Due to historical experiences of Russia the necessity of powerful state, based on good relations between the Center and regions is concerned.

scholarly journals Łacina w KorBie. Użyteczność Elektronicznego Korpusu Tekstów Polskich XVII i XVIII wieku dla filologa neolatynisty

Polonica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Bronikowska ◽  
Katarzyna Kryńska
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Latin Word ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Mutual Relations

The article presents the Electronic Corpus of 17th- and 18th- century Polish Texts (informally called KorBa) in terms of its usefulness for neo-Latinist research. The corpus contains approximately 0.5 million tokens annotated as Latin words, which makes them easy to find by means of the corpus search engine. The article describes examples of research that can be carried out on the material collected in the corpus, both on individual Latin phrases and on the mutual relations between the Polish language and Latin in Middle Polish texts. Some data taken from the frequency list of Latin word forms in the corpus were also presented.

The 15th Corps of the Imperial Ottoman Army on the Eastern Galician Front (1916-1917)

Belleten ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (284) ◽  
pp. 335-350
Author(s):  
Piotr Nykıel
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Full Responsibility ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The article starts with some essential information related to the circumstances of the decision to send the Ottoman 15th Corps to the Eastern Galician front as well as to the preparations before the redeployment and the journey up to the frontline. Then a relatively detailed account of fights is given. The author draws attention to the heavy losses suffered by the Ottoman troops within the first few weeks of their fights in Galicia and stresses that the first commander of the 15th Corps Colonel Yakup Şevki beard the full responsibility for this situation. While summing up the one-year long period of the Ottoman presence on this European front the author points out that it was, and still can be perceived by the Polish nation as a symbolic fulfillment of the words said by the 18th century Ukrainian prophet Wernyhora (Poland would be reborn when Turkish horse drink in the Vistula River). The author gives some information on the establishment of the Turkish Studies Department at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland in 1919 too, which was a direct result of contacts of the Polish orientalist prof. Tadeusz Kowalski with the wounded Ottoman soldiers. The article ends with some facts on the burials of the 15th Corps soldiers in Krakow.

scholarly journals The 18th century Lublin in the eyes of a military engineer. Fortifications and security measures for the negotiations on the map of Lublin created by C. d’Örken and modern evidence confirming their existence

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Kamil Nieścioruk
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Military Engineer ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
City Space ◽  
The City ◽  
Attention To Detail ◽  
Made In

Abstract Just as contemporary cartographic works, old maps were usually made for specific purposes, e.g. related to taxation, propaganda or military objectives. C. d’Örken’s map of Lublin of 1716 is an example of a cartographic work created for military purposes, as it was made in the context of negotiations of the Tarnogród Confederation. The author of the map focused on the thematic content – he marked control zones, as well as military outposts, and accommodation sites. In many instances, the base content is presented with little attention to detail. There are a few exceptions to this rule, with fortifications being the most noticeable one. It was most likely motivated by the author’s profession, as he was a military engineer. Still, although Lublin has never been a particularly well-fortified city, the aforementioned content of the map perfectly reflects not only the former shape of the city space, but also its contemporary organisation. This article, due to its detailed description of selected works and the methodology involving the use of old cartographic materials, can be used as an important source material for archaeological, restoration and regeneration works.

scholarly journals THE UFFIZI GALLERY IN THE LIGHT OF MEMOIRS OF TRAVELLERS IN THE POLISH REPUBLIC IN THE 18TH CENTURY

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wrześniak
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Grand Tour ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Way

The article briefly studies the way of perceiving of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence by Polish travellers during the period when the museum was subject to the so-called Enlightenment order. The analysis of memoirs from diaries of the Polish Grand Tour indicates that they were considerably influenced by Italian guidebooks and texts by French travellers, among which the most popular was Voyage d’un français en Italie fait dans années 1765–1766 by Joseph- Jérôme Lalande, who was eagerly referred to and his passages quoted. Realising the scheme of the Uffizi Gallery’s descriptions by Polish travellers, one should not hastily assume they lacked the sense of observation, taste or aesthetic sensitivity, and finally the ability to assess a work of art. An in-depth analysis of Polish notes indicated that enlightened arrivals from the Vistula River could critically relate not only to the text of the guide or the French description mentioned, directly ascertaining: You were not right, Mr Lalande!, but also that they came to Florence prepared for the reception of an artwork and the museum itself. They were primarily interested in newly acquired objects or changes in the exhibition. The picture of a Polish traveller, as it is seen through Polish 18th-century accounts, who notes – frequently remotely – fleeting impressions, but without a doubt, they are perfectly aware of what they are looking at.

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