Genetic variability within isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum belonging to race 65 from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Ishikawa ◽  
Elaine Souza ◽  
Livia Davide
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Anastomosis Group ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
The State ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Dice Coefficient ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pathogenic Variability

AbstractColletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal agent of anthracnose in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), presents a wide genetic and pathogenic variability that gives rise to complications in the development of resistant bean cultivars. The aim of this study was to identify the variability within race 65 of C. lindemuthianum, the race most commonly encountered in Brazil, through randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and anastomosis analyses. Thirteen isolates of race 65, collected in different years and from various host cultivars located in diverse areas of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were investigated. Twenty-four RAPD primers were employed and 83 polymorphic bands amplified. Genetic similarities were estimated from the Sorensen-Dice coefficient and ranged from 0.54 to 0.82. The dendrogram obtained by cluster analysis classified the isolates into 11 separate groups. For the purposes of the analysis of anastomosis, isolates were considered to be compatible when the fusion of hyphae from different isolates could be observed. The proportion of compatible reactions for each isolate was estimated and similarity estimates, based on the Russel & Rao coefficient, ranged from 0.28 to 0.85. Isolates were classified into 11 anastomosis groups, 10 of which were formed by only one isolate. Although isolates LV61, LV73 and LV58 were classified in the same anastomosis group, they were genetically distinct according to RAPD analysis. Results from both RAPD and anastomosis analyses revealed great variability within C. lindemuthianum race 65.

Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Isolates from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Damasceno e Silva ◽  
E. A. de Souza ◽  
F. H. Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum

scholarly journals Common bean breeding to improve red grain lines

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ângelo Nogueira de Menezes Júnior ◽  
José Eustáquio de Souza Carneiro ◽  
Vanessa Maria Pereira e Silva ◽  
Lêlisângela Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Luiz Alexandre Peternelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
The Common ◽  
Red Bean

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance potential of red bean lines, derived from populations of the first cycle of recurrent selection in the common bean breeding program of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais. In the F3:5, F3:6 and F3:7 generations, 243 families from 18 segregating populations were evaluated. These families were conducted by the bulk-within-families method and from the best, 154 lines were obtained and evaluated in the dry season of 2006 (F7: 9) and of 2007 (F7: 10), Coimbra - MG. The estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters revealed variability among families. The method bulk within F3-derived families proved useful for bean breeding. The most promising lines that may be included in future tests of value for cultivation and use (VCU), and will possibly be recommended for planting in the state of Minas Gerais, were derived from the populations Vermelhinho/AN9022180//Vermelhinho/Vermelho2157, Vermelhinho//Vermelhinho/ IAPAR81,Vermelhinho/LR720982// Vermelhinho/AB136 and Vermelhinho/AB136//Vermelhinho/ Vermelho2157.

scholarly journals Euphorbia heterophylla L. RESISTENTE AOS HERBICIDAS INIBIDORES DE ACETOLACTATO SINTASE: DISTRIBUIÇÃO E GENÉTICA DE BIÓTIPOS DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARISSA MACEDO WINKLER ◽  
RIBAS ANTONIO VIDAL
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
The State ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The West ◽  
Population Selection ◽  
Resistant Population ◽  
Species Population

Avaliou-se a distribuição de populações da espécie Euphorbia heterophylla L., com resistência aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima acetolactato sintase (ALS), em propriedades localizadas nas regiões oeste e sudeste do estado do Paraná. Foram determinadas as principais práticas agronômicas associadas à resistência e caracterizadas populações resistentes geneticamente. Sementes de E. heterophylla foram coletadas em 103 localidades do estado do Paraná, durante o ano de 2002. Em cada local os agricultores informaram as práticas culturais adotadas na condução da lavoura de soja. Análises de Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) utilizando 30 primers foram realizadas em cinco populações provenientes do oeste paranaense. Os resultados evidenciaram que populações de E. heterophylla resistentes aos herbicidas inibidores de ALS estão amplamente distribuídas no estado do Paraná. A monocultura de soja conjuntamente com a utilização prolongada de herbicidas inibidores de ALS, provavelmente, estão associadas com a seleção de populações resistentes. A análise genética não permitiu assegurar se houve dispersão de sementes de E. heterophylla resistente ao herbicida na região analisada. Euphorbia heterophylla L. RESISTANT TO ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE INHIBITING HERBICIDES: DISTRIBUTION AND GENETIC OF BIOTYPES FROM PARANÁ STATE Abstract The distribution of Euphorbia heterophylla L. species population resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides were evaluated in properties located in the west and southeast of the state of Paraná. The main agronomical practices associated to the resistant and the characterization of the population genetically resistant were determined. E. heterophylla seeds were collected in 103 locations of Paraná state, during the year of 2002. In each location, farmers informed soybean management practices adopted. RAPD analysis using 30 primers were performed on five populations of the west of the state. The results evidenced that the E. heterophylla populations resistant to the ALS inhibiting herbicides of are widely distributed in Paraná state. Soybean monoculture together with the prolonged utilization of ALS inhibiting herbicides, probably are associated with resistant population selection. The genetic analysis didn’t permit to assure if there were dispersion of E. heterophylla seeds resistant to the herbicide in the region analysed.

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

The Development of Slovenia in the European Union: Social Aspects

2017 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Iryna Butyrska
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Regime Stability ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

The author proves that the successful stability of independent Slovenia contributed to a number of factors, existing since its being incorporated in the SFRY. The factor, uniting the state has become the common goal – the aspiration to join the EU. The process of the European integration contributed to the modernization of a number of spheres, in particular social, cultural and economic ones. The global financial and economic crisis has revealed the turmoil in the economy of the state and its leadership was forced to gradually reduce a significant part of social privileges for the population. This caused the tension in the society and reduced the level of the national unity, having a negative impact on people’s wellbeing. However, since 2014, the Prime Minister M. Cherar has been trying to restore people’s trust in the state. The situation is getting better; indicators of trust in government are increasing, which also points to state capacity and political regime stability in Slovenia. Keywords: Slovenia, state stability, social sphere, government

Speaking for Islam

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-127
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Sounaye
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
The State ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
French Model

Unexpectedly, one of the marking features of democratization in Niger has been the rise of a variety of Islamic discourses. They focus on the separation between religion and the state and, more precisely, the way it is manifested through the French model of laïcité, which democratization has adopted in Niger. For many Muslim actors, laïcité amounts to a marginalization of Islamic values and a negation of Islam. This article present three voices: the Collaborators, the Moderates, and the Despisers. Each represents a trend that seeks to influence the state’s political and ideological makeup. Although the ulama in general remain critical vis-à-vis the state’s political and institutional transformation, not all of them reject the principle of the separation between religion and state. The Collaborators suggest cooperation between the religious authority and the political one, the Moderates insist on the necessity for governance to accommodate the people’s will and visions, and the Despisers reject the underpinning liberalism that voids religious authority and demand a total re-Islamization. I argue that what is at stake here is less the separation between state and religion than the modality of this separation and its impact on religious authority. The targets, tones, and justifications of the discourses I explore are evidence of the limitations of a democratization project grounded in laïcité. Thus in place of a secular democratization, they propose a conservative democracy based on Islam and its demands for the realization of the common good.

The Law of Contract

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
World Market ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

This chapter examines the law of contract in France and discusses the milestone reform of French contract law. While this new legislation introduces a fresh equilibrium between the contracting parties and enhances accessibility and legal certainty in contract, it does not radically change the state of the law in this area. In addition, it does not strongly impact the traditional philosophical foundations of the law of contract. The reform, in short, looks more like a tidying up operation rather than a far-reaching transformation of the law. Therefore, the chapter argues that it is questionable whether the new law, which was also intended to increase France's attractiveness against the background of a world market dominated by the Common Law, will keep its promise.

Effect of incarceration on criminality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís de Sousa Abreu Soares ◽  
Filipe Mendes Dalboni ◽  
Evandro Camargos Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State
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