Karakter Agronomi dan Fisiologi Varietas Cabai Merah pada Kondisi Cekaman Genangan

The research objective was to study the agronomic and physiological characteristics of red chilli (Capsicum annuumL.) varieties under waterlogging stress. These studies were conducted at two locations: in Palembang, South Sumatra, from February to August 2010 and in Bogor in West Java, from September to November 2010. Experiments in Palembang was using split plot design with three replications. The main plot was waterlogging treatment for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days. The subplot was red chilli varieties: Kiyo F1, Riawan, Ferosa, Bravo F1 and Laris. Experiments in Bogor was conducted without the use of experimental design; the same plant varieties were waterlogged for 2 and 4 days. The results showed that waterlogging caused root damages on all varieties. Kiyo F1 had better agronomic characters and high levels of tolerance than other varieties. The content of ethylene in all varieties increased with increasing time of waterlogging, except for Laris. In all varieties both leaf chlorophyll and tissue N content tend to decline with the increase in waterlogging duration. However Bravo F1 experienced an increase in the chlorophyll content whereas Kiyo F1 had an increase in N in the plant tissue. Keywords: agronomic character, physiological character, red chili, waterlogging

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Aplikasi Amelioran Tanah dan MycoSilvi pada Falcataria sp. dan Ochroma bicolor Rowlee. untuk Reklamasi Lahan Pascatambang Pasir Silika

Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia ◽

10.18343/jipi.25.3.334 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 334-341

Author(s):

Khoryfatul Munawaroh ◽

Sri Wilarso Budi ◽

Prijanto Pamoengkas

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Growth Response ◽

Silica Sand ◽

Open Pit ◽

Open Pit Mining ◽

Main Plot ◽

Soil Ameliorant ◽

Plot Design

Open pit mining of silica sand causes some soil degradations and environmental impacts, such as lowering soil pH, lowering soil fertility, soil compaction, and toxicity of micronutrients such as Al, Fe, and Zn. The aim of this study was to analyze the soil properties of land post mining of silica sand and to analyze the growth response of Falcataria sp. and Ochroma bicolor by combination of soil ameliorant and MycoSilvi. The experimental design was split plot design of two treatment factors, MycoSilvi and soil ameliorant. The main plot is MycoSilvi that consist of two levels (MycoSilvi and without MycoSilvi). The subplot is soil ameliorant that consisted of six levels (compost 0 g, lime 0 g; compost 0 g, lime 1.56 g; compost 0 g, lime 3.12; compost 9 g, lime 0 g; compost 9 g, lime 1.56 g; compost 9 g, lime 3.12 g). The results showed that the soil ameliorant (lime 3.12 g and compost 9 g) and MycoSilvi was the best treatment to increase height, diameter, biomass, and mycorrhizal colonization of Falcataria sp. and O. bicolor. Keywords: MycoSilvi, reclamation, soil ameliorant

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Split-plot Analysis—Now and Then

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.762b ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 762B-762

Author(s):

George C.J. Fernandez

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Standard Error ◽

Error Term ◽

Plot Analysis ◽

Split Plot ◽

Main Plot ◽

Main Factors ◽

Factorial Treatments ◽

Main Factor ◽

Plot Design

Split-plot design is a very popular experimental design in analyzing factorial treatments in horticultural experiments. Two different sizes or types of experimental units are assigned to main plot and the split-plot treatments. The SAS procedure GLM with the TEST option is commonly used to analyze the split-plot data by assigning the correct error term to test the main plot factor. In SAS GLM, no option is available to compare the two main factors within a split-plot factor. The CONTRAST tests and LSMEAN comparisons are valid only for comparing split-plot factors within a main plot treatment. The main factor standard error provided by the LSMEAN option is also incorrect. The new PROC MIXED procedure available in SAS 8.08 or above can be used to correct these problems in split-plot analysis. The analysis of split-plot experiments using the PROC MIXED is presented here.

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Cytokinin for Growth and Productivity of Polyploid Chrysanthemum on Third Generation

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/748/1/012031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 748 (1) ◽

pp. 012031

Author(s):

Ai Komariah ◽

Elly Roosma Ria ◽

Endah Islamiyati ◽

Noertjahyani ◽

Nunung Sondari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Flowering Time ◽

Third Generation ◽

Great Demand ◽

The Third ◽

Best Response ◽

Main Plot ◽

Different Levels ◽

Plot Design

Abstract Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemump) is a one of the most popular cutting flower commodities in Indonesia. The beauty of colors and variations in the shape of flowers and the low level of withering cause Chrysanthemum to be in great demand. The polyploid chrysanthemum has some superior properties but the growth rate and flowering time is slow due to colchicine. The study aimed to determine the influence of the concentration of the cytokinins in the growth and productivity of chrysanthemum polyploid genotypes. The experimental design as used Split Plot Design consists of 2 factors and 2 replications. The first factors were concentration of the cytokinin (Si, i are 1,…,4) as a main plot with different levels about 0, 1, 2,3, 4 ml L−1 of cytokinin solutions, respectively. The second factorswere the third generation of the polyploid chrysanthemum (G) genotype as a sub plot with 4 genotype, namely: g0 = KRA0, g1 = KRA1, g2 = KRA2, and g3 = KRA3. Based on the experiments and analysis results, it was found that the treatment of 3 ml L−1 of the cytokinin solution produced 16 shoots while the polyploid chrysanthemum genotype KRA2 gave the best response to the number of shoots at 12 WAP compared to other polyploid chrysanthemum genotypes.

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INTERVAL WAKTU TANAM KACANG TANAH (Archis hipogaea L.) DAN JAGUNG PULUT (Zea mays caratina Kulesh) PADA POLA TANAM TUMPANG SARI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KACANG TANAH DI LAHAN KERING

AGRICA ◽

10.37478/agr.v11i1.17 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Kristono Yohanes Fowo

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Dry Land ◽

Cropping Patterns ◽

Planting Time ◽

Local Variety ◽

Yield Parameters ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design

This study aims to determine the timing of proper peanut planting in intercropping cropping patterns with various pulut varieties of corn on the growth and yield of peanuts on dry land. The experimental design using the Split Plot Design consisted of two faktors repeated three times. Treatment of corn variety as the main plot cansisted of thee levels (V1: Local variety, V2: Uri variety, V3: Binthe Pulu variety) while planting time was placed as subplots including (T1: groundnut planted 15 days after planting Corn; T2: groundnut is Corn together with peanut planting, T3: groundnut is planted 15 days before planting Corn) Three replications were performed. Data was collected destructively. The F-test at 5% was used to examine the effect of treatments, while differences across treatments were based on the LSD at 5%. The results of the study showed that there was an interaction between the planting time and variety of varieties to the yield parameters of 100 seeds, whereas separately the treatment of plant time is 15 days before the pulut maize plant and planter simultaneously show the highest yield for the growth variable and yield variable of 2.02; and 2.05 tons ha-¹.

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Respon Padi Gogo Terhadap Residu Pupuk Organik

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v3i2.566 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Baso Daeng

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Growing Season ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Good Effect ◽

Best Response ◽

Different Types ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design

The rate of conversion of paddy fields and irrigation water crisis suggest to consider the development of upland rice.� Empowerment of organic-based dryland done to increase rice, as well as environmental sustainability efforts.� The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of organic fertilizer residue to upland rice in the second growing season.� Experiments using a split-split plot design.� The main plot consisted of a dosage of 50% and 100% organic fertilizer in the first growing season.� Sub plot consisted of chicken manure (20 tons ha-1), Centrosema� pubescens (4.3 tons ha-1) + chicken manure (10 tons ha-1), and Thitonia diversifolia (4.3 tons ha-1) + chicken manure (10 tons ha-1).� Sub-sub plot consist of Danau Gaung and Batu Tegi varieties.� The different types of fertilizer had no effect on plant productivity.� The addition of Thitonia diversifolia gave a good effect on some growth variable and its resistance due pathogen attack.� Batu Tegi varieties are varieties that give the best response from an organic fertilizer.� Interaction between dosage, type of fertilizer, and varieties do not provide areal impact.

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Effect of varieties and weeding regimes on weed and performance of

South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.38150/sajeb.1(3).p121-130 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 121-130

Author(s):

U. Ismaila ◽

M. G. Kolo ◽

A. U. Gbanguba

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Aerobic Rice ◽

Split Plot ◽

Main Plot ◽

And Performance ◽

Plot Design

A Field trial was conducted at the aerobic rice experimental field of the NationalCereals Research Institute (NCRI), Badeggi, Nigeria (9 ° 04 N and 6° 7 E)in 2007 and 2008 wet seasons to determine the weed competitiveness andperformance of inter Ã¢â‚¬Â and intraÃ¢â‚¬Âspecific aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) varietiesunder seven weeding regimes. The trial was laid out in a split plot designwith the two varieties of rice (NERICA 1 as inter Ã¢â‚¬Âspecific and FARO 46 asintra Ã¢â‚¬Âspecific) assigned to the main plot while seven weeding regimes (hoeweeding at 25, 45, and 65 days after sowing (DAS), 25 DAS, 45 DAS, 25 and45 DAS, application of 3’,3’ Ã¢â‚¬Â dichloropropionanilide /2, 4 – Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (orizo plus R) by Candel Company Ltd. at 3.5 kg active ingredient(ai )ha Ã¢â‚¬Â1 at 25 DAS, hoe weeding at 25 DAS followed by orizo plus at 3.5 kg aiat 45 DAS and weedy check) constituted the sub – plots. The treatmentswere replicated three times in a split plot design. From the results, interspecificvariety (NERICA1) had better weed suppression ability with highergrain yield of 3.1 t ha Ã¢â‚¬Â1 than the intraÃ¢â‚¬Âspecific variety (FARO 46). Weed controlwas better when hoe weeding was done at 25, 45 and 65 DAS or 25 and45 DAS and at 25 DAS followed by orizo plus at 45 DAS than in other treatments.However, hoe weeding at 25, 45 and 65 DAS gave significantlygreater grain yield than other treatments. Although economic yield was obtainedfrom hoe weeding at 25 DAS followed by orizo plus at 45 DAS.

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Allelopathy and Allelochemicals of Eragrostis plana (Poaceae) and its Relation with Phenology and Nitrogen Fertilization

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582017350100028 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. CECCHIN ◽

A. FAVARETTO ◽

S.M. SCHEFFER-BASSO ◽

C.D. BERTOL ◽

S.O. CHINI

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

High Performance ◽

Phenological Stage ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Chromatography Analysis ◽

Allelopathic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Main Plot ◽

Chemical Attributes ◽

Plot Design

ABSTRACT This study was conducted in order to verify if the phenological stage and the nitrogen fertilization interfere in the allelopathic activity and in the concentration of potentially allelopathic phenolic compounds of tough lovegrass (Eragrostis plana). The assay consisted of a bifactor 3 (0.100 and 200 kg N ha-1) x 2 (harvested in vegetative and reproductive stages), in a split plot design. The N doses constituted the main plot and the phenological stage during the harvest the subplots, resulting in six treatments. The tough lovegrass plants derived from each of the treatments were subjected to allelopathy bioassays, in which aqueous extracts of the aerial parts were applied to lettuce cypselae (Lactuca sativa) and to phytochemicals tests when ethanolic extracts were used, with subsequent partition with ethyl acetate, followed by a high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. There was nitrogen x phenological stage interaction on biological and chemical attributes. The allelopathic extracts were, in descending order of inhibition of germination, those from plants harvested at the vegetative stage and fertilized with 100 kg N and at the flowering stage with 200 kg N, which showed the highest catechin concentrations. The caffeic, ferulic, p-coumaric and vanillic acids were in a higher concentration in flowered and fertilized plants with 0 or 200 kg N. The management of the nitrogen fertilization and the harvesting age influence the allelopathic activity and the phytochemical composition of tough lovegrass.

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Response of Two Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties to Rates of Blended Fertilizer and Row Spacing at Tselemti District, Northern Ethiopia

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2018/5085163 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Tesfahun Mekuanint ◽

Yemane Tsehaye ◽

Yemane G. Egziabher

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Cicer Arietinum L ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Main Effect ◽

Main Plot ◽

Fertilizer Rates ◽

Plot Design

Effects of row spacing, blended fertilizer rates, and varieties on some agronomic traits of chickpea were evaluated with the objective of investigating response of Kabuli and Desi type chick pea varieties to blended fertilizers rates and interrow spacing. The study was done using split plot design interrow spacing as a main plot, and fertilizer and variety as a subplot, where three row spacings (20 cm, 30 cm, and 40 cm) were assigned to the main plot while the factorial combination of four blended (NPSB) fertilizer rates (0 kg/ha, 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, and 150 kg/ha) and representative of Kabuli and Desi type chickpea varieties such as Arerti and Mariye, respectively, were assigned to the subplot. Main effect of interrow spacing did not show significant difference on many studied agronomic parameters. Similarly, main effect of blended fertilizer rates and varieties did not reveal a significant difference for the studied parameters. However, significant differences were obtained on phenology, yield components, and yield for the varieties. Blended fertilizer rates utilized in Tselemti District did not show differences in most of studied traits. Reasonable row spacing of 20 cm for both types of chickpea could be used for the studied area.

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EFEKTIFITAS FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) SERTA PUPUK NITROGEN DAN FOSFAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI JABON (Anthocephallus cadamba Roxb.) Effectiveness of Arbuscula Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Nitrogen and Phosphate Fertilizer toward Jabon ........

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.8.1.20-25 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Fransisca Yosina Regina Luturmas ◽

Sri Wilarso Budi R. ◽

Irdika Mansur

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Phosphate Fertilizer ◽

Soil Types ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Main Plot ◽

Fast Growing Species ◽

Glomus Sp ◽

Plot Design

Jabon (Anthocephallus cadamba Roxb.) is one of fast-growing species with high economical value, and well adapted on some of soil types. The aims of this research were to analyze the effectiveness of AMF species isolated from Samama (Anthocephallus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil) and to determine the favorable dose of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer for Jabon growth. The research was conducted CRD-split plot design main plot was Acaulospora sp.1 (M1), Glomus sp.1 (M2), Acaulospora sp.2 (M3), Acaulospora sp.3 (M4), Glomus sp.2 (M5). While the fertilizer as the sub-plot, consist of control (P0), urea 0.5g+rockphosphat 2g (P1), urea 1g+rockphosphat 4g (P2). The result showed that AMF and fertilizer applications effectively improved Jabon grown, especially in height, stem diameter, and shoot dry weight. The interaction (M4P1) increased plant height 154.73%, diameter 75.38% and shoot dry weight 376.09% compared with control. P1 treatment was better for growth of Jabon that was inoculated by mycorrhiza. Acaulospora sp.1 (M1) originally from Samama without fertilizer had the best effectiveness for Jabon growth.Key words: Acaulospora, indigenous

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Critical time for weed removal in dicamba tolerant soybean as influenced by pre emergence herbicides

Acta herbologica ◽

10.5937/actaherb2001055j ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 55-62

Author(s):

Darko Jovanović ◽

Ivan Cuvaca ◽

Jon Scott ◽

Stevan Knežević

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Critical Time ◽

Split Plot ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design ◽

Weed Removal

Field experiment was conducted in 2019 at Haskell Agriculture Laboratory, Concord, NE, USA. Goal of the study was to test the influence of PRE-EM herbicides on the Critical Time for Weed Removal (CTWR) in dicamba-tolerant soybean. The study was arranged in a split-plot design which consisted of four herbicide regimes as main plot treatments and seven weed removal timings as subplot treatments, with four replications. The herbicide regimes included: (1) no PRE and glyphosate, (2) acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate as POST, (3) acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate and dicamba as POST, and (4) acetochlor and fomesafen as PRE and acetochlor, glyphosate and dicamba as POST. The five weed removal times included the V1, V3, V6, R2 and R5, and there were also weedy and weed-free season long plots. By utilizing herbicide regimes, the CTWR was delayed to 632 GDD (until V4 soybean growth stage, 28 days after emergence) for acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate as POST, 861 GDD (until V6 soybean growth stage, 32 days after emergence) for acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate and dicamba as POST, and 1060 GDD (until R1 soybean growth stage, 42 days after emergence) for acetochlor and fomesafen as PRE and acetochlor, glyphosate and dicamba as POST.

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