scholarly journals Keragaman Morfologi dan Kandungan Tanin pada Tanaman Leunca [Solanum nigrum (L.)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Dea Nadila ◽  
Sobir , ◽  
Dan Muhamad Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Black Nightshades

Black nightshades [Solanum nigrum (L.)] is an indigenous vegetable originatied from tropical and subtropical regions. In Indonesia, black naightshades widely spread in Java, especially West Java. Black nightshades has a bitter taste caused by the content of tannins. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the morphological and tannin content of 20 black nightshades accessions. The research was started with germplasm exploration in November 2015-February 2016, followed by planting and analysis until September 2016 at a laboratory of the Center for Tropical Horticultural Studies (PKHT) IPB. The experiment was arranged in a single-factor randomized complete block design with three replications. The results from cluster analysis based on morphological variability showed that the accessions of black nightshades can be grouped into two groups. The accessions had different fruit tannin contents, and some accessions can be selected for breeding material.Keywords: group analysis, indigenous vegetable, qualitative character, quantitative character

scholarly journals Induksi Mutasi Tanaman Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) untuk Meningkatkan Keragaman Kandungan Tanin

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Siti Hartati Yusida Saragih ◽  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah ◽  
Dan Sobir
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Tropical Horticulture ◽  
Green Stage

Leunca (Solanum nigrum L. ) is one of the indigenous vegetables in Indonesia. The fruit of this vegetable is green and has bitter taste because of its tannin content. The objectives of this study were to get lethal dose 50 (LD50), diversity and to obtain candidates of mutant plants with high and low tannin content in young fruit and ripe fruit in leunca. The research was conducted at Pasir Kuda experimental station, Bogor; National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN), Jakarta; and postharvest laboratory of the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies (PKHT IPB), Bogor, from December 2016 to July 2017. Leunca accession of SN 20 and SN 29 were irradiated using doses of 0, 100, 150, 200, and 250 Gy of gamma ray. The LD50 values for SN 20 and SN 29 were 171.944 Gy and 190.949 Gy, respectively. The analysis of tannin content was performed based on permanganate method by titration using potassium permanganate. The results showed that the highest tannin content of green stage fruit was found in SN20D3.5 with 200 Gy dose and the lowest was found in SN29D1.5 with 100 Gy dose. The highest tannin content of ripe fruit was found in SN20D4.6 with dose of 250 Gy and the lowest was found in SN20D3.1 with dose of 200 Gy. Recommended tannin content for leunca is the low tannin content.Keywords: diversity, gamma ray, indigenous vegetable, irradiation, LD50

scholarly journals Morphology and Yield Potentials of Lablab Bean Genotypes Grown in Early Kharif Season

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
D. Deb Nath ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
T. Akter ◽  
J. Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sylhet Region

An experiment was conducted during March 2014 to August 2014 at the experimental field of Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU), Sylhet to study the morphological variability, yield and yield contributing characteristics among the four lablab bean genotypes viz., SB003, SB010-1, SB011 and BP003. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The genotypes SB003 and SB010-1 had reddish brown seed coat color while it was black in SB011 and reddish color in the genotype BP003. Among the genotypes 100 dry seed weight was ranged from 34.00 g (SB010-1) to 42.00 g (SB011). Variation in yield and yield contributing characteristics were found among four lablab bean genotypes. The genotype SB003 produced the maximum number of pods plant-1 (206.3) followed by SB010-1 (134.3) while it was minimum for the genotype SB011 (92.67). Similar trend was also noticed in case of pod yield plant-1 among the genotypes. The highest pod yield was recorded in the genotype SB010 (7.73 ton ha-1) while it was the lowest in SB011 (2.87 ton ha-1). However, pod yield ha-1 indicating bright scope to popularize lablab bean production during early kharif in Sylhet region.

scholarly journals Keragaman Morfologi dan Komponen Hasil Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) di Dataran Tinggi dan Dataran Rendah

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Dyra Haryanti ◽  
Darda Efendi ◽  
Dan Sobir
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Increasingly limited land in the high elevation and increasing of global temperature needed breeding of cauliflower plants originating from temperate regions to be adaptively planted in low elevation. This study aimed to identify the morphological variability and yield component of cauliflower planted in the high elevation and low elevation. The experiment was conducted in Pasir Sarongge (1,117 m asl) and Tajur II (340 m asl) from June to December 2016. This experiment was conducted with a randomized complete block design single-factor (12 genotypes of cauliflower) with three replications. The results showed that BOB 021 genotype was not flowering in Tajur. Qualitative characteristics that are stable in two locations include leaf attitude, leaf color, curd color, leaf lobing, and curd covering by inner leaves. Vegetative characters and yields in low elevation were higher than high elevation, time of flowering and harvesting in high elevation was earlier than in low elevation. Based on the correlation analysis, an increase in the yield characters can be seen from the increase in vegetative character and increase in longevity time of flowering and harvesting. Keywords: correlation, flowering, qualitative, quantitative

scholarly journals Genotypic Effects on Morphological Characterization of Fruit Traits in Mulberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Faruque Ahmed ◽  
Anwar Hossain ◽  
Nasir Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Md. Shoriful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The research was conducted to evaluate the morphological variability in fruits traits among the mulberry genotypes grown in Mulberry Germplasm Bank of Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi, during 2018–2020. The aim of the research was to find out the genotypes accessibility for varietal improvement. Total 50 mulberry genotypes were morphologically characterized on fruit traits through this research. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and the plantation system was high bush. Each plot consists of 20 plants and unit plot size was 4 m × 5 m. Fruit colour, fruit taste and seed colour was determined. Nine distinct fruit colours such as reddish-black (23.33%), black-berry (18.33%), cream (10%), black (8.33%), white-cream (6.67%), pink (6.67%), pinkish (3.33%), orange (3.33%) and radish (1.67%) were observed among several germplasms. Remarkable variation was found in fruit taste such as sour sweet (28.33%), sweet (21.67%), light sweet (5%), light-sour sweet (5%) and deep sweet (5%), respectively. Five colored of seed viz: light yellow, light brown, yellowish brown, dark brown and blackish brown were observed among the germplasm. Length of the fruit diverse from 0.73 (BSRM-8) to 5.58 (BSRM-56 and widthfrom 0.52 (BSRM-8) to1.9 (BSRM-56),single fruit weight varied from 0.07 (BSRM-8) to 4.11 (BSRM-56), fruit weight per plant varied from 101.47 (BSRM-11) to 2250.43 (BSRM-56), seed setting (%) varied from 8.13 (BSRM-29) to 94.24 (BSRM-16), sprouting (%) varied from 36.67 (BSRM-22) to 96.67 (BSRM-38), rooting (%) varied from 13.89 (BSRM-22) to 98.33 (BSRM-10),achene number/fruit varied from 12.53 (BSRM-10) to118.10 (BSRM-56), seed number/fruit varied from 2.99 (BSRM-8) to 47.86 (BSRM-56) and 100 seed weight varied from 0.019 (BSRM-35) to 0.166 (BSRM-56), respectively. Results showed that the black-berry, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-56), cream colored, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-1) and white cream, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-34) was promising on the basis of greatest fruit production potential to be appears for further commercial utilization. Generally, a wide range of variation was exhibited among the sampled and characterized genotypes.

scholarly journals Canopy Achitecture, Biomass and Fruit Production of Solanum nigrum L. as Determined by Nitrogen Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Edi Santosa ◽  
Marcella Putriantari ◽  
Hajime Nakano ◽  
Yoko Mine ◽  
Nobuo Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Four Levels

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT <br /></strong></p><p>Demand on fruits of <em>Leunca</em> (<em>Solanum nigrum</em> L.) is increasing in Indonesia due to a rapid expansion of ethnic restaurants, especially Sundanese restaurants. Most fruits come from semi-intensive cultivation in intercropping system, leading to low productivity. In order to improve productivity, nitrogen experiment was carried out at field of Leuwikopo Farm of Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor-Indonesia, during rainy season from December 2013 to April 2014. Four levels of nitrogen, i.e., 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>, were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The results revealed that canopy architecture, dry matter and fruit production, and fruit quality were highly affected by nitrogen application. Increasing nitrogen levels increased biomass and fruit production. Plants treated with nitrogen at level of 60 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> produced ideal height for local labor and stable weekly fruit production than other levels. Hence, N fertilizer is essential for achieving high productivity of <em>S. nigrum</em>.</p><p><em>Keywords:</em> canopy shape, fruit load, indigenous vegetable, leunca, ranti kebo</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRAK <br /></em></strong></p><p><em>Permintaan buah Leunca (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Solanum</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">nigrum</span> L.) terus meningkat di Indonesia sejalan dengan perkembangan restoran etnis khususnya restoran Sunda. Sebagian besar buah leunca berasal dari tanaman sampingan secara tumpangsari, sehingga produktivitas rendah. Dalam rangka meningkatkan produktivitas, percobaan pemberian nitrogen dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB, Bogor pada musim hujan Desember 2013 sampai April 2014. Nitrogen diberikan empat taraf yaitu 0, 60, 120, dan 180 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup></em><em>, yang disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. </em><em>Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kanopi, produksi bahan kering dan produksi buah serta kualitas buah dipengaruhi oleh pemberian nitrogen. Peningkatan dosis nitrogen meningkatkan bahan kering dan produksi buah. Tanaman dengan perlakuan 60 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup> menghasilkan tinggi yang ideal bagi pemanen, dan hasil mingguan yang stabil dibandingkan dengan taraf yang lebih besar. Oleh karena itu, pemupukan nitrogen penting dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas leunca.</em></p><p><em>Kata kunci: beban buah, bentuk kanopi, leunca, ranti kebo, sayuran tradisional</em><strong><em></em></strong></p>

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Kadar Alkaloid Tanaman Leunca (Solanum americanum Miller) pada Beberapa Dosis Nitrogen

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marchella Putriantari ◽  
Edi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Solanum Americanum ◽  
Four Levels

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Leunca fruit is indigenous vegetable and widely used as vegetables mainly in West Java. In order to improve productivity and quality, several levels of nitrogen was used.  The objective of the experiment  was  to determine  the effect  of  nitrogen  level  on  growth  and  productivity, and on  the alkaloid levels. The experiment was conducted at Leuwikopo Experimental Station IPB in December 2013  -  April 2014. Experiment was arranged in a  Randomized Complete Block Design with single factor and four replications. Nitrogen fertilizer consisted  of four levels, i.e., 0  kg N ha-1, 60 kg  N ha-1,  120  kg  N ha-1,  and  180  kg  N  ha-1. The  results  showed  that  growth  and productivity were affected  by nitrogen  application. The highest  productivity of Leunca  was  obtained  by  nitrogen fertilizer at rate of 180  N ha-1, and the highest alkaloid content was produced by plant treated with 60 kg N ha-1. The highest productivity of fruits was 18 445 kg ha-1.</p><p>Key words: alkaloid, indigenous vegetable, productivity, Solanum nigrum, nitrogen dosage</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Buah  leunca  merupakan  sayuran  indigenous  terutama  bagi  masyarakat Jawa  Barat.  Dalam rangka  meningkatkan  produktivitas  dan  kualitas  buah leunca,  perlu  dilakukan  kajian  budidaya khususnya  pemupukan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan  menentukan  dosis  pupuk  nitrogen  terbaik  untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan  dan  produktivitas  tanaman  leunca,  serta  mengkaji  pengaruh pupuk nitrogen terhadap kadar alkaloid tanaman leunca. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB pada bulan Desember 2013  - April 2014. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak satu faktor dengan empat ulangan. Faktor dosis pupuk nitrogen terdiri atas empat  taraf,  yaitu  tanpa  pupuk  N,  60  kg  N  ha-1,  120  kg  N  ha-1,  dan 180  kg  N  ha-1.  Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  pertumbuhan  dan produktivitas  tanaman  terbaik  dihasilkan  oleh perlakuan  dosis  pupuk nitrogen  180  kg  N  ha-1.  Kadar  alkaloid  tertinggi  dihasilkan  tanaman dari perlakuan dosis pupuk nitrogen 60 kg N ha-1. Produktivitas buah leunca mencapai 18 445 kg ha-1.</p><p>Kata kunci: alkaloid, produkvitas, sayuran indigenous, Solanum nigrum, dosis nitrogen</p>

DISTRIBUSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI POPULASI SINTRONG (Crossocephalum crepidiodes.Benth) RESISTEN PARAKUAT PADA LAHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Berton Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations

Crassocephalum crepidioides on Cornfields in Dairi Regency had been reported tobecome more difficult to control using paraquat. The objective of the research was todetermine the characteristics and the distribution of C.crepidioides resistant to paraquatin cornfields. The experiment was carried out in two steps, the first step was screeningthe population of C. crepidioides with paraquat at the recommended dose, and the secondstep, dose-response experiment for the resistance level of C. crepidioides population withdose 0, 76, 152, 304,5, 609, 1218, and 2436 g.ai /ha. In the first step experiment, paraquatdichloride was applied at 280 g.ai/ha. The treatments were arranged in a randomized blockdesign with 3 replication. The second step experiment was that the resistant populationsconfirmed in the first experiment were sprayed for their dose-response. The treatmentswere arranged in a randomized complete block design (CRBD). The results showed thatof 30 populations of C. crepidiodes, 19 populations (63.3%) were categorized to beresistant with the mortality ranging from 10.84% to 52.08%, and 11 populations (36.7%),was categorized as high resistance with mortality of 0% to 9.21%. The level ofresistance (R/S) of R-C25, R-C27, and R-C30 populations of C. crepidioides were 12,3,14,86, and 24,83 times consecutively, compared with the susceptible population. Thenumber of C. crepidioides chlorophyl leaves in susceptible populations was significantlylower than that of a resistant populations.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

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