scholarly journals Keragaman Fenotipik dan Kekerabatan Plasma Nutfah Talas (Colocasia esculenta) Pulau Bangka berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Yani Kusumawati ◽  
Eries Dyah Mustikarini ◽  
Dan Gigih Ibnu Prayoga Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Parameters Analysis ◽  
Morphological Relationship

Germplasm diversity of local taro in Bangka as genetic resources for plant breeding purposes is still unknown. This research aimed to provide information on Bangka Taro’s variability and relationship for plant breeding programs. This research was conducted in December 2017 until February 2018. Characterization of the germplasm was performed on qualitative and quantitative parameters. Analysis of morphological relationships used the UPGMA method. Exploration obtained 27 germplasm of Bangka local taro. The results of the morphological relationship analysis showed nine clusters at a 0.57 coefficient (57%). Cluster one consisted of Tungkuk, Sayur, Hitam/Nyatoh, Rakit Hijau, Lilin, and Cantik Manis accessions. Cluster two consisted of Rakit Hitam accession. Cluster three consisted of Ganjung, Trans 2, Sungai Tebuk and Trans 1 accessions. Cluster four consisted of Sayang Anak, Pak Ugo and Trans 3 accessions. Cluster five consisted of Angit and Kelat Mentak Kelapa accessions. Cluster six consisted of Pelawan Toboali, Wangi/Colet and Simbang accessions. Cluster seven consisted of Alar accession. Cluster eight consisted of Pelawan Rukem, Kelat Mentak Rukem, Selaseh, Pinangbo and Telok Simbang accessions.Cluster nine consisted of Butir/Pikul and Butir Mentaram accessions. Bangka local taro had wide phenotypic variability in the observed morphological characters. Keywords: accesion, fenotipic, cluster, relationship, variability

scholarly journals Germplasm Diversity of Banana (Musa sp) in Bangka Island Based on Morphological Character

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Lesta Lesta ◽  
Eries Dyah Mustikarini ◽  
Gigih Ibnu Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Musa Sp ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Morphological Relationship

Banana (Musa sp) is a plant that has good nutrion, mineral, vitamin A, B complex, vitamin C, and vitamin B6. Germplasm diversity of local banana in Bangka has never been identified. Research about germplasm diversity of banana in Bangka Island need to maintain germplasm of Bangka local banana. This research was conducted in Bangka Island. Characterization of banana fruit germplasm includes on qualitative and quantitative traits. Analysis of morphological relationship of banana fruit germplasm used UPGMA. Exploration result obtained 22 germplasms of Bangka local banana. The result of relationship analysis showed four clusters at 0,40 (40%) coefficient. Cluster one consists of Udang germplasm. Cluster two consists of Jernang and Rotan germplasm. Cluster three consists of Wei, Kapal and Abu germplasm. Cluster four consists of Madu Manis, Madu Keling, Gambur, Jambi, 40 Hari, Bawang, Geda, Tematu, Serindit, Masak Ijau, Rejang, Madu Pulau, Kecit Lantai, Susu, Gede and Lilin germplasm. Bangka local banana have wide variability in almost morphological character observed.

scholarly journals Agro-morphological characterization of Bambara nut accessions [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdcourt] from Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 15727-15744
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Total Variability

Objectives: The agro morphological diversity of Bambara nut remains poorly understood. In this study 90 Bambara nut accessions were assessed for phenotypic variability of agronomic and morphological traits. Methodology and results: A trial was conducted at Rollo (Bam province) on 90 accessions of Bambara nut of 3 agro ecological zones in Burkina Faso. Accessions were evaluated on 27 morphological characters. Result of qualitative traits analysis showed dominance of cream-coloured seeds, butterfly-grey eyes, and smooth yellowish-brown pods. The majority of quantitative traits were discriminant at 1%. The completed PCA indicates that the first two axes expressed 55.60% of the total variability. The dendogram highlighted four groups of diversity. Conclusion and application of results: The agro morphological characterization showed great variability within the accessions studied. The different associations between yield components and the clustering into classes could be exploited in breeding programs for improvement of Bambara nut productivity. RESUME Objectifs: La diversité agro morphologique du pois bambara reste mal connue. Dans cette étude, la variabilité phénotypique des caractères agronomiques et morphologiques de 90 accessions de pois bambara a été évaluées. Méthodologie et résultats: Un essai a été conduit à Rollo (Province de Bam) sur 90 accessions de pois bambara issues de quatre zones agro-écologiques du Burkina Faso. Les accessions ont été évaluées sur 27 caractères morphologiques. Les résultats de l’analyse des caractères qualitatifs ont montré la dominance des graines de couleur crème, des yeux gris papillon et des gousses lisses brun jaunâtre. La majorité des Caractères quantitatifs étaient discriminants à 1%. L'ACP indique que les deux premiers axes ont exprimé 55, 60% de la variabilité totale. Le dendrogramme a mis en évidence quatre groupes de diversité. Kambou et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Agro-morphological characterization of Bambara nut accessions [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdcourt] from Burkina Faso 15728 Conclusion et application des résultats: La caractérisation agro morphologique a montré une grande variabilité au sein des accessions étudiées. Les différentes associations entre les composantes du rendement et la subdivision en classes pourraient être exploités dans les programmes de sélection pour l'amélioration de la productivité du pois bambara. Mots clés: Pois bambara, caractères morphologiques, variabilité

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Conyza blakei, Conyza bonariensis var. bonariensis, Conyza sumatrensis var. sumatrensis and Conyza lorentzii in the southeast of Buenos Aires (Argentine).

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-373
Author(s):  
Patricia Diez De Ulzurrun ◽  
María B. Acedo ◽  
María E. Garavano ◽  
Valeria Gianelli ◽  
Verónica N. Ispizúa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Removal ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Direct Sowing

Morphological characterization of Conyza blakei, Conyza bonariensis var. bonariensis, Conyza sumatrensis var. sumatrensis and Conyza lorentzii in the southeast of Buenos Aires (Argentine). The genus Conyza Less. includes ruderal species, which grow of ruderal habitat, roadsides and railways. They have also been cited as pasture weeds, annual and perennial crops under direct sowing (SD) systems, adapting to these slightly disturbed environments since they are sensitive to soil removal. The taxonomic identification of Conyza species linked to morphological characters is difficult in vegetative stages, since this genus has highly related and polymorphic species. With the objective of morphologically characterizing Conyza blakei, C. bonariensis var. bonariensis, C. lorentzii and C. sumatrensis var. sumatrensis were recorded 19 morphological characters (12 vegetative and 7 reproductive) qualitative and quantitative, in 35 plants of each species. These characters were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis (Analysis of Components and Main Coordinates). The morphological characterization made it possible to detect phenotypic differences between the Conyza species analyzed. The analysis of main coordinates allowed to differentiate the species both at a reproductive and vegetative level, while the analysis of main components only allowed to differentiate the species in reproductive stage.

scholarly journals Predicting the future of plant breeding: complementing empirical evaluation with genetic prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Cooper ◽  
Carlos D. Messina ◽  
Dean Podlich ◽  
L. Radu Totir ◽  
Andrew Baumgarten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Quantitative Genetics ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Germplasm Diversity

For the foreseeable future, plant breeding methodology will continue to unfold as a practical application of the scaling of quantitative biology. These efforts to increase the effective scale of breeding programs will focus on the immediate and long-term needs of society. The foundations of the quantitative dimension will be integration of quantitative genetics, statistics, gene-to-phenotype knowledge of traits embedded within crop growth and development models. The integration will be enabled by advances in quantitative genetics methodology and computer simulation. The foundations of the biology dimension will be integrated experimental and functional gene-to-phenotype modelling approaches that advance our understanding of functional germplasm diversity, and gene-to-phenotype trait relationships for the native and transgenic variation utilised in agricultural crops. The trait genetic knowledge created will span scales of biology, extending from molecular genetics to multi-trait phenotypes embedded within evolving genotype–environment systems. The outcomes sought and successes achieved by plant breeding will be measured in terms of sustainable improvements in agricultural production of food, feed, fibre, biofuels and other desirable plant products that meet the needs of society. In this review, examples will be drawn primarily from our experience gained through commercial maize breeding. Implications for other crops, in both the private and public sectors, will be discussed.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of morphological diversity of Lemba (Curculigo latifolia) in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1367-1376
Author(s):  
INCE RADEN ◽  
CANDRA CATUR NUGROHO ◽  
SYAHRANI SYAHRANI
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Traits ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Raden I, Nugroho CC. Syahrani. 2017. Identification and characterization of morphological diversity of Lemba (Curculigo latifolia) in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1367-1376. Lemba (Curculigo latifolia) is Kalimantan’s land prospective for commercial cultivation because its leaf fiber has been traditionally utilized as fiber source for ulap doyo woven cloth; its fruit as sweetener; and its root as medicinal herb. To this days, only a few of research has been conducted on lemba in East Kalimantan or even in Indonesia, including studies on lemba plant phenotype suitable for weaving material. Thus, a research about identification and morphological characterization of lemba cultivars is necessary to identify and characterize lemba plant in East Kalimantan to reveal phenotypic variability in both quantitative and qualitative traits that can be utilized as the source of germplasm for the plant breeding program. This study was carried out in three Sub-districts, i.e.: Tenggarong Sub-district (Kutai Kartanegara District), Kota Bangun Subdistrict (Kutai Kartanegara District), and Jempang Sub-district (West Kutai District). Data collection was done by observation, and measurement of quantitative and qualitative traits of lemba plant. Descriptive analysis was applied on the morphological traits data, while correlation analysis was performed to reveal relationship between the qualitative and quantitative morphological traits by using software Minitab v.14.12. Phenotypic variability was determined based on the standard deviation. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the data were performed by using software SPSS v.11.6. The variance value of the 33 observed lemba plant accessions from the three Sub-districts indicated that the phenotypic variability of the qualitative traits was narrow while that of the quantitative traits was broad. There are three principal components that account for the observed variability with a cumulative variance of 96% which is obtained from 19 observed traits. Cluster analysis at similarity 95% indicates that there are five lemba accessions groups based on only qualitative, only quantitative, or based on combined qualitative and quantitative traits.

scholarly journals Development and characterization of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) markers in durian kura-kura (Durio testudinarius Becc.) using NGS data

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012082
Author(s):  
Mahat Magandhi ◽  
Sobir ◽  
Yudiwanti W.E. Kusumo ◽  
Sudarmono ◽  
Deden Derajat Matra
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Ssrs Markers ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Ngs Data ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Durian Kura-kura (Durio testudinarius Becc.) belongs to the Malvaceae family and is an endemic species of Borneo. Recently, genomic-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches have been carried out for germplasm conservation and plant breeding programs. The NGS technologies allow plant genomes to be sequenced quickly and inexpensively and enable the efficient development of SSR markers through the in-silico approaches. This study aimed to develop and characterize simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from the assembled genome. The 1203929 scaffolds of the assembled genome were produced from the Ray assembler. The SSRs were identified and extracted using the MISA program produced 4315 sequences containing SSRs. The six motif repeats of SSRs were identified; consist of 431 sequences of dinucleotide (the most motif is AT), 3257 sequences of trinucleotide (the most motif is TTA), 516 sequences of tetranucleotide (the most motif is AAAT), 89 sequences of pentanucleotide (the most motif is ATTTT), 18 sequences of hexanucleotide and four sequences of heptanucleotide. The new SSRs markers will be used in further studies of genetic population of D. testudinarius and plant breeding programs.

scholarly journals Variabilidad morfológica en el tomate pajarito (Lycopersicon esculentum var.cerosiforme) precursor del tomate cultivado

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Inés Medina C. ◽  
Mario Lobo A.
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
La Selva ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

<p>Se realizó la caracterización y evaluación morfológica de una colección del tomate tipo “cereza”, conocido comúnmente como "pajarito", o "vagabundo" (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme), comparándola con el cultivar obsoleto de frutos de mesa de tamaño grande 'Marglobe' (Lycopersicon esculentum var. esculentum ). El estudio se llevó a cabo en el Centro de Investigación “La Selva”, de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Corpoica, ubicado a 2.120 msnm, con temperatura promedio de 17<sup>0</sup>C, en un área perteneciente a la formación ecológica de bosque húmedo montano bajo. Para el efecto, se registraron 39 variables de índole cualitativa y 11 de naturaleza cuantitativa. Se encontró polimorfismo en 34 de los 39 atributos cualitativos y en los 11de naturaleza cuantitativa. Los análisis de conglomerados cualitativos, cuantitativos y cualitativo-cuantitativo, no indicaron un patrón claro de distribución entre accesiones del Centro de Origen (Perú-Ecuador) y del Centro de Domesticación (México-Mesoamérica), con intercalamiento en los fenogramas de estos materiales y materiales de otras zonas del mundo. Los resultados señalaron amplia variabilidad cualitativa y cuantitativa y diversos niveles de arreglo de las variables a nivel de accesiones individuales, lo cual señala un amplio potencial de utilización per se de la colección y para programas de mejoramiento. EI fenograma cualitativo-cuantitativo, transformando la última categoría de variables a escalas aditivas binarias, con un máximo de cuatro intervalos por característica, permitió discriminar entre la variedad botánica cerasiforme y el cultivar de tomates grandes 'Marglobe', lo cual no fue tan evidente a nivel del fenograma cualitativo, construido en escala binaria, y el cuantitativo con base en distancias derivadas de variables estandarizadas.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Morphologic variability in the tomato pajarito (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme), a precursor of cultivated tomato.</strong></p><p>To study the phenotypic variability of a “cherry” collection of tomato of the type in comparison with the vintage tomato cultivar 'Marglobe', an experiment was carried out at “La Selva”, Research Centre of Corpoica, located in Rionegro, Antioquia, at 2,120 masl, with an average temperature of 17<sup>0</sup>C and a relative humidity of 78%. Fifty descriptors were evaluated in this study, 39 were qualitative and l1 quantitative. Polymorphism was found in 34 out of 39 qualitative characteristics, and in the 11 quantitative variables. The qualitative, quantitative and qualitative-quantitative clusters analysis obtained with the polymorphic variables did not show a clear pattern of distribution between materials from the Origin Centre (Perú-Ecuador) and from the Domestication Centre (México-Central America). These results show ample qualitative and quantitative variability in the cherry type tomato collection, as well as ample distribution and arrangement of characters within individual accesions, which indicates the great potential to use this collection as well as in breeding programs. The qualitative-quantitative phenogram obtained by transforming the last type of variables to additive binary scales, with a maximum of four values by characteristic, exhibited discriminatory power between the cherry type tomato and the vintage cultivar 'Marglobe', which was not so clear for the qualitative phenogram based on binary values for the variables and for the quantitative phenogram based on distances obtained from standardized variables.</p>

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of active germoplasm bank fig tree accessions

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriela Fontanetti Rodrigues ◽  
Tatiane Paes dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Flávio Arruda Ferreira ◽  
Laís Naiara Honorato Monteiro ◽  
Eduarda Sayuri Nakanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Fig Tree ◽  
Fig Trees ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

Abstract Fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit of great importance worldwide, being able to be implanted as new source of agricultural variability. The aim of the present work was to characterize the active germplasm bank of fig trees by means of morphological descriptors of 45 fig accessions at the Faculty of Agrarian and Technological Sciences, Campus of Dracena, FCAT / UNESP aiming at the recognition of the quality and genetic variability potential of the species. Thus, their biometric characteristics were evaluated by qualitative and quantitative descriptors of leaves and fruits. Fig tree accessions were characterized by means of the morphological characteristics of leaves and fruits, identifying AGB with high phenotypic variability and well adapted to the region and, by the analysis of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics, it was concluded that the most divergent accessions presented characteristics of agronomic interest, allowing the selection of features in order to subsidize conservation works, genetic improvement and crop production.

scholarly journals Chromosome Manipulation for Plant Breeding Purposes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Pilar Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Chromosome Manipulation ◽  
Chromosome Associations ◽  
Breeding Techniques ◽  
Donor Species ◽  
Traditional Breeding

The transfer of genetic variability from related species into crops has been a main objective for decades in breeding programs. Breeders have used interspecific genetic crosses and alien introgression lines to achieve this goal, but the success is always dependent on the interspecific chromosome associations between the alien chromosomes and those from the crop during early meiosis. In this Special Issue, the strength of chromosome manipulation in a breeding framework is revealed through research and review papers that combine molecular markers, cytogenetics tools and other traditional breeding techniques. The papers and reviews included in this Special Issue “Chromosome manipulation for plant breeding purposes” describe the development and/or characterization of new plant material carrying desirable traits and the study of chromosome associations and recombination during meiosis. New tools to facilitate the transfer of desired traits from a donor species into a crop can be developed by expanding the knowledge of chromosome associations during meiosis.

Identification and Analysis of Genetic Variation among Rose Cultivars Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Mohapatra ◽  
Gyana Ranjan Rout
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Rose Breeding

Identified germplasm is an important component for efficient and effective management of plant genetic resources. Traditionally, cultivars or species identification has relied on morphological characters like growth habit or floral morphology like flower colour and other characteristics of the plant. Studies were undertaken for identification and analysis of genetic variation within 34 rose cultivars through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Analysis was made by using twenty five decamer primers. Out of twenty five, ten primers were selected and used for identification and analysis of genetic relationships among 34 rose cultivars. A total of 162 distinct DNA fragments ranging from 0.1 to 3.4 kb was amplified by using 10 selected random decamer primers. The genetic similarity was evaluated on the basis of presence or absence of bands. The cluster analysis indicated that the 34 rose cultivars form 9 clusters. The first cluster consists of eight hybrid cultivars, three clusters having five cultivars each, one cluster having four cultivars, two clusters having three cultivars each and two clusters having one cultivar each. The genetic distance was very close within the cultivars. Thus, these RAPD markers have the potential for identification of clusters and characterization of genetic variation within the cultivars. This is also helpful in rose breeding programs and provides a major input into conservation biology.

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