scholarly journals ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF Pseudomonas spp. TO CONTROL Plasmodiophora brassciae, THE PATHOGEN OF CLUBROOT DISEASE ON CABBAGE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
I Ketut Suada ◽  
Anak Agung Ngurah Gede Suwastika
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Biological Control System

Clubroot is very detrimental disease to cabbage production so as farmers work on various efforts to control it. The use of fungicides not only ineffective but also pollute the environment, therefore biological control system need to be pursued. The use of antagonistic agents such as Pseudomonas has been widely studied and known effective in suppressing various pathogens. Therefore it is worth trying its effectiveness against Plasmodiophora brassicae, a pathogen of cabbage. The purpose of this study was to obtain indigenous Pseudomonas which effectively suppress the pathogens and may also increase plant growth. Microbes were isolated from the cabbage area using the Kings'B medium with multilevel dilution. All isolates were tested for their effectiveness in pots in a Completely Randomized Design with a concentration of 1.5x106 CFU (Colony Forming Unit) per pot. The variables observed were plant growth, number of club roots, and percentage of disease incidence. Fourteen isolates of Pseudomonas were isolated. Three Pseudomonas isolates were found most effective at suppressing clubroot disease and increasing plant growth. The best isolate obtained was Pseudomonas-6, followed Pseudomonas-9, and Pseudomonas-8. 

scholarly journals Efektifitas Jamur Metharhizium anisopliae Menghambat Perkembangan Hama Uret pada Tanaman Cincau Hitam (Mesona palustris BL)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Wuye Ria Andayanie
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Range Test

Black grass jelly plants can be used as conservation plants. However, uret pests (Leucopholis rorida F.) are often complained that eat the base of the stems, flowers and roots at night. This study aims to determine: 1) the effect of M. anisopliae fungi on uret pests, (2) the level of susceptibility of uret pests, and (3) M. anisopliae fungal effectiveness on uret pests. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Data from the observations were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5% test carried out when diversity analysis showed a real effect. Uret mortality monitoring will be carried out after the application of fungi. by observing each uret and calculating the amount of uret mortality and average plant growth. The highest percentage of second instar larvae from uret was found in treatment P4 (manure and fungi were incubated for 72 hours at the next temperature of 28 oC applied to the field with straw mulch) which was 82, 98% at 12 days after application of fungi. The average growth of plants consisting of: root length, root volume, stem diameter and number of shoots was also found in treatment P4 (manure and fungi were incubated for 72 hours at the next 28 oC, applied to the field with straw mulch), respectively amounting to 12.45; 5.70; 1.88; 12,15. Dead larvae emit fluids such as ethanol and their bodies are weak, then the body dries and hardens and stiffens, like mummies and fungi forming green sporulation. Keywords—: black grass jelly plants; Leucopholis rorida F;Metharhizium anisopliae; mortality;effectiveness

scholarly journals Eksplorasi Rizobakteri Indigenous Dan Uji Antagonis Terhadap Patogen Rigidoporus microporus Dan Phellinus noxius Pada Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Murtadha Murtadha ◽  
M. Abduh Ulim ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pathogen Control ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Stage ◽  
Phellinus Noxius ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstrak.  Penelitian bertujuaan untuk mendapatkan isolat rizobakteri yang mampu berperan sebagai agens biokontrol terhadap pengendalian patogen R. microporus dan P. noxius secara in vitro serta sebagai agen rizobakteri pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman (RPPT). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh, mulai Oktober sampai Desember 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap non faktorial. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu isolat rizobakteri, taraf yang dicobakan terdiri dari 15 isolat dan dua patogen antagonis R. microporus dan P. noxius, yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 90 unit satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunujukkan isolat rizobakteri mampu menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan patogen. Pada patogen uji R. microporus terdapat 3 rizobakteri yang paling baik yaitu isolat DLG5/3 dengan persentase penghambatan 68,33%, DLG4/1 dengan persentase penghambatan 66,66% dan DLG4/7 dengan persentase penghambatan 63,33%. Pada patogen uji P.noxius terdapat dua rizobakteri yang paling baik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni cendawan patogen yaitu isolat DLG5/1 dengan persentase penghambatan 60,33%, dan DKP6/3 dengan persentase penghambatan 52,50%. Pada laju penghambatan isolat rizobakteri yang paling baik pada patogen R. microporus yaitu isolat DLG6/4 dan DKP4/1 dengan nilai rerata laju penghambatan 20,33 mm/hari. Pada patogen P. noxius menunjukan isolat rizobakteri yang paling baik yaitu isolat DLG4/1 dengan nilai laju penghambatan 12,05 mm/hari.Exploration of Indigenous Rizobacteria and Antagonistic Test against Patogen Rigidoporus microporus And Phellinus noxius In Rubber Plant (Hevea brasiliensis) In VitroAbstract. The research was conducted to obtain rhizobacteria isolates capable of acting as biocontrol agents on pathogen control of R. microporus and P. noxius in vitro and as plant growth promoter rhizobacteria (PGPR). The research was conducted at the Science and Technology of seed Laboratory, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh, starts from October to December 2017. The research using Completely Randomized Design non factorial. Factors researched were rhizobacteria isolates, the experimental stage consisted of 15 isolates and 2 antagonist were R. microporus dan P. noxius, and 3 time repeated until be found 90 units of treatment. The results showed that rhizobacteria isolates capable to inhibith growth of colonies pathogenic. In the pathogen of R. microporus test, there are 3 better rhizobacteria were DLG5/3 isolate with 68.33% inhibition percentage, DLG4/1 with 66.66% inhibition percentage and DLG4/7 with 63,33% inhibition percentage. In the pathogen of P. noxius there are 2 best rhizobacteria inhibiting growth, DLG5/1 isolate with 60.33% inhibition percentage, and DKP6/3 with 52,50% inhibition percentage. In the pathogen of R. microporus test, there are 2 better rhizobacteria were DLG6/4 and DKP4/1 with 20,33 mm/day inhibition percentage. In the pathogen of P. noxius test,  the best rhizobacteria were DLG4/1  with 12,05 mm/day inhibition percentage. 

scholarly journals Response of Shallots of Batu Ijo Variety on Doses of N And K Fertilizers

Akta Agrosia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Marlin Marlin ◽  
Nancy B. Sitio
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Higher Doses

Shallots (Allium cepa var. Aggregatum L) have many varieties that can be grown in the highlands and lowlands and one of them is the Batu Ijo variety. Nutrients N and K play an important role for plant needs. This research was conducted from March to June 2019 in Medan Baru, Bengkulu City. This study used a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the dose of N fertilizer and the second factor was the application of K fertilizer. The application of N fertilizer had a significant effect on the number of shallots at week 2. The Urea dose given decreases the number of spring onions. For the best treatment at plant height is the treatment of Urea 300 kg/ha and KCl 50 kg/ha. Plant growth from week 2 to 5 increased significantly. The application of K fertilizer has an effect on the number of shallots at week 2 and the number of tubers. The higher the plant age, the more the number of leaves produced, but at higher doses, the number of leaves and the number of tubers decreased. The best treatment for the number of leaves produced was Urea 300 kg/ha and without giving KCl. For the best treatment of fresh plant weight, namely Urea 300 kg/ha and KCl 150 kg/ha, the best treatment fresh tuber weight was Urea 300 kg/ha and KCl 150 kg/ha, for tuber diameter the best treatment was 200 kg/ha of urea and KCl 100 kg/ha and for the number of tubers of Urea 0 kg/ha and KCl 150 kg/ha.Keywords: shallots, N fertilizer, K fertilizer

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Nasa Dan Pupuk Kompos Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Hairin Juanda ◽  
Tutik Nugrahini ◽  
Mahdalena Mahdalena
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Effect of NASA Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Compost Fertilizer on Kenaf Plant Growth (Hibiscus cannabinus L). This study aims to determine the effect of NASA POC, compost fertilizer and the interaction of NASA POC and compost fertilizer on kenaf plants. This research was carried out at East Borneo Samarinda Indonesia. with a time of ± 4 months, starting from June to September 2016. The design of the study uses factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consists of 2 factors. The first factor is the administration of NASA POC consisting of 4 levels, namely: j0: Control (without treatment), j1: POC with a concentration of 10 ml / liter of water, j2: POC with a concentration of 15 ml / liter of water, j3: POC with a concentration of 20 ml / liter of water. The second factor is Compost fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely: k0: Without the provision of Compost Fertilizer, k1: Composting 500 gram / polybag, k2: Composting Fertilizer 700 grams / polybag, k3: Composting 800 grams / polybag. From the analysis of variance showed that the effect of giving NASA POC (J), compost (K) and the interaction of NASA POC and compost (JK) did not affect the parameters of plant height 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, stem diameter 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, number of leaves 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, leaf area 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP. 

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF BENZYLADENINE (BA) IN THE FORM OF LANOLIN PASTE ON FLOWER-STALK BUDS SUCCESSFULLY INDUCED RE-BLOOMING OF HYBRID Phalaenopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Mukhaila Iryani ◽  
Yusnita Yusnita ◽  
Dwi Hapsoro ◽  
Kukuh Setiawan ◽  
Agus Karyanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Moth Orchid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Hybrid moth orchid (genus Phalaenopsis) is one of the most popular ornamentals in Indonesia. It has beautiful and long-lasting flowers, but cultivating this orchid is still become a challenging issues due to the need of specific condition to grow and long time period to re-blooming. Plant growth regulators (PGR) (i.e. Benzyladenine (BA)) has been widely documented as a flower-inducing substance in several orchids. However, the optimal concentration and its mechanism in inducing flower-stalk bud and re-blooming is still unclear. This research aimed to study the effects of BA application in the form of lanolin paste on hybrid Phalaenopsis flower-stalk buds. We conducted this study using completely randomized design with four replications at the greenhouse laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung on August to December 2018. We divided the orchid into 5 group of BA concentration (0, 1000, 1500, 3000, or 6000 ppm). The sheath of the fourth or fifth buds of the flowers were carefully opened, then it smeared with BA. The percentage of bud break into flower spike or keiki, length of shoots or spike and number of open flowers were recorded until 10 weeks of observation. The results showed that, neither of the buds under the control treatment (without BA), 1000 ppm nor 1500 ppm BA broke and grew into keiki or spike. On the other hand, application of BA at 3000 ppm or 6000 ppm successfully induced 100% flower spikes on the buds treated. No keiki was formed in all buds treated. In addition, treatment of the buds with 6000 ppm BA produced longer flower spikes as well as more open flowers. We conclude that the application of BA (minimal 3000 ppm) successfully induced flower spike of  hybrid Phalaenopsis.

scholarly journals Selectivity of pesticides registered for soybean crop on Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus basalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Zantedeschi ◽  
Anderson Dionei Grützmacher ◽  
Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽  
Flávio Amaral Bueno ◽  
Larissa Longaray Machado
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Glufosinate Ammonium ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Telenomus Podisi ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

ABSTRACT The use of pesticides in the soybean crop may impair the biological control, if the products are not selective to Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus basalis, which are important stink bug egg parasitoids. This study aimed to assess the selectivity of 15 pesticides registered for soybean crop on adults of T. podisi and T. basalis. Three laboratory bioassays were performed, totaling 18 treatments, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The insecticides (g or mL of a.i.) imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin (0.25 + 0.03), deltamethrin (0.06), thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin (0.27 + 0.35), acephate (1.87) and fenitrothion (1.25) are harmful to both parasitoids species. Flubendiamide (1.20), diflubenzuron (2.00), Bacillus thuringiensis (0.08) and lufenuron (0.12) are innocuous to both parasitoids. The fungicides azoxystrobin + flutriafol (0.31 + 0.31), trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (0.37 + 0.44), pyraclostrobin + metconazole (0.33 + 0.12) and trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole (0.94 + 0.40) are innocuous to T. podisi, but slightly harmful to T. basalis. The herbicides glufosinate ammonium salt (0.50) and glyphosate isopropylamine salt (1.20) are innocuous to both parasitoids.

Evaluation of bacteria isolated from rice for plant growth promotion and biological control of seedling disease of rice

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 916-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika B Adhikari ◽  
C M Joseph ◽  
Guoping Yang ◽  
Donald A Phillips ◽  
Louise M Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Seedling Disease

Of 102 rhizoplane and endophytic bacteria isolated from rice roots and stems in California, 37% significantly (P [Formula: see text] 0.05) inhibited the growth in vitro of two pathogens, Achlya klebsiana and Pythium spinosum, causing seedling disease of rice. Four endophytic strains were highly effective against seedling disease in growth pouch assays, and these were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens (S3), Pseudomonas tolaasii (S20), Pseudomonas veronii (S21), and Sphingomonas trueperi (S12) by sequencing of amplified 16S rRNA genes. Strains S12, S20, and S21 contained the nitrogen fixation gene, nifD, but only S12 was able to reduce acetylene in pure culture. The four strains significantly enhanced plant growth in the absence of pathogens, as evidenced by increases in plant height and dry weight of inoculated rice seedlings relative to noninoculated rice. Three bacterial strains (S3, S20, and S21) were evaluated in pot bioassays and reduced disease incidence by 50%–73%. Strain S3 was as effective at suppressing disease at the lowest inoculum density (106 CFU/mL) as at higher density (108 CFU/mL or undiluted suspension). This study indicates that selected endophytic bacterial strains have potential for control of seedling disease of rice and for plant growth promotion.Key words: biological control, plant growth promotion, endophytes, rice, seedling disease.

scholarly journals Silicon Potential as Attenuator of Salinity Effects on Growth and Post-harvest Quality of Lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Hozano De Souza Lemos Neto ◽  
Marcelo De Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Rosilene Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Ana Régia Alves de Araújo Hendges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Silicon (Si) is a mineral element that provides many benefits to plants and may also assist in tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Si as a possible attenuator of the deleterious effects of salinity on growth and post-harvest of lettuce. A completely randomized design with four replicates was performed in a 3 × 2 factorial, consisting of three salinity levels (1.65, 3.65, 7.65 dS m-1) and two levels of silicon (0.0 and 2.0 mM). Salinity reduced all variables related to plant growth. For shoot fresh and dry mass, it was observed that NaCl caused a reduction of 79.80 and 80%, respectively, in comparison to the control. However, parameters related to post-harvest such as titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C increased with salinity. Although not effective in reducing saline stress on plant growth, Si provided improvements in the variables related to lettuce post-harvest. Salinity significantly reduced plant growth in the presence and absence of Si, but provided better post-harvest quality with Si.

scholarly journals First Report of Clubroot on Capsella bursa-pastoris Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Sichuan Province of China

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ren ◽  
X. P. Fang ◽  
C. C. Sun ◽  
K. R. Chen ◽  
F. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetable ◽  
First Report ◽  
Resting Spores

Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medicus) is an edible and wild medicinal plant widely distributed in China. This plant has been cultivated in Shanghai, China, since the end of the 19th century. Infection of C. bursa-pastoris by Plasmodiophora brassicae, the causal agent of clubroot disease on Brassica spp. has been reported in Korea (2), but is not known to occur in China. In February of 2011, stunted and wilted shepherd's purse (SP) plants were observed in a field planted to oilseed rapes (B. napus) in Sichuan Province of China. Symptomatic SP plants also exhibited root galls. Disease incidence was 6.2% and 100% for SP and B. napus, respectively. Root galls on diseased SP plants were collected for pathogen identification. Many resting spores were observed when the root galls were examined under a light microscope. The resting spores were circular in shape, measuring 2.0 to 3.1 μm in diameter (average 2.6 μm). PCR amplification was conducted to confirm the pathogen. DNA was extracted from root galls and healthy roots (control) of SP. Two primers, TC2F (5′-AAACAACGAGTCAGCTTGAATGCTAGTGTG-3′) and TC2R (5′-CTTTAGTTGTGTTTCGGCTAGGATGGTTCG-3′) were used to detect P. brassicae (1). No PCR amplifications were observed with the control DNA as template. A fragment of the expected size (approximately 520 bp) was obtained when DNA was amplified from diseased roots of SP. These results suggest that the pathogen in the galled roots of SP is P. brassicae. Pathogenicity of P. brassicae in SP was tested on plants of both SP and Chinese cabbage (CC) (B. campestris ssp. pekinensis). A resting spore suspension prepared from naturally infected SP roots was mixed with a sterilized soil in two plastic pots, resulting in a final concentration of 5 × 106 spores/g soil. Soil treated with the same volume of sterile water was used as a control. Seeds of SP and CC were pre-germinated on moist filter paper for 2 days (20°C) and seeded into the infested and control pots, one seed per pot for planted for CC and four seeds per pot for SP. The pots were placed in a chamber at 15 to 25°C under 12 h light and 12 h dark. Plants in each pot were uprooted after 4 weeks and the roots of each plant were washed under tap water and rated for clubroot disease. No disease symptoms were observed in the control treatments of SP or CC. Plants of both species showed symptoms of clubroot, with the disease incidence of 62.5% and 100% on SP and CC, respectively. The pathogen was isolated from diseased roots of each plant and confirmed as P. brassicae based on morphological characteristics and PCR detection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of clubroot disease on C. bursa-pastoris in Sichuan Province of China. This finding suggests that it may be necessary to manage C. bursa-pastoris in cruciferous vegetable (cabbage, turnip) and oilseed rape production fields. References: (1) T. Cao et al. Plant Dis. 91:80, 2007. (2) W. G. Kim et al. Microbiology 39:233, 2011.

scholarly journals Pengendalian Infeksi Akar Gada pada Pembibitan Kubis dengan Pupuk Hijau Daun Paitan

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Diah Ayu Pratiwi ◽  
Hardjono Sri Gutomo ◽  
Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Application Time ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p>Clubroot is a major disease that often infects cabbage caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.. The leaf of T. diversifolia is an example of weeds that can be used as green leaf manure. The research aimed to study the effectiveness and dosage of green manure from Tithonia leaf to control clubroot. In planta test was conducted by using factorial completely randomized design, the first factor was dosages of Tithonia green manure and second factor was application time of fertilizing. The research showed that green manure from Tithonia leaf effectively suppressed infection of P. brassicae and was capable of increasing growth variable of cabbage seedling. Fertilizing with green leaf manure of Tithonia with dosage of 10 ton ha<sup>-1</sup> could decreased intensity of P. brassicae infection up to 10,18%. The application time of fertilizing 0 days after planting has the highest weight of cabbage seedling biomass is 14,10 g.</p>

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