scholarly journals The Fragment of Enameled Glass Vessel from the Bolgar Excavation (Russia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (34) ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Rezida Kh. Khramchenkova ◽  
◽  
Airat M. Gubaidullin ◽  
Patrick Degryse ◽  
Ilvina R. Biktagirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Glass Fragment ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Excavation Site ◽  
Lapis Lazuli

This paper is devoted to the interdisciplinary study of an enameled glass fragment found in the excavation of the Bolgar fortified settlement (Russia). The artifact comes from excavation site CLXXII of the so-called aristocratic district of the city. A comparison to a collection of Islamic drinking glasses from the Nasser Khalili collection shows the identity of the enamel pattern decor. The artifact was investigated by a series of analytical methods: scanning optical and electron microscopy (OSEM) and optical emission spectral analysis (OES). The results of the OES studies revealed that the basis is soda-lime glass. OSEM determined that different enamel colors were obtained from lapis lazuli, nepheline, diopside, bone ash, hematite, and lead-tin additive. Comparison of element’s concentrations with data of the Brill catalog of archaeological glass made it possible to identify the Bulgarian fragment as Egyptian glass produced in the late 13th – early 14th centuries.

A fast and robust direct solid sampling method for the determination of 27 trace, main and minor elements in soda-lime glass based on ETV-ICP OES and using a gaseous halogenating modifier

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Hommel ◽  
Jürgen Hassler ◽  
Ralf Matschat ◽  
Thomas Vogt ◽  
Albena Kirilova Detcheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Solid Sampling ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Direct Solid ◽  
Direct Solid Sampling

A method, based on electrothermal vaporization (ETV) coupled to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), has been optimized for direct solid sampling analysis of soda-lime glass—the most common...

Growth of Nano-Needles of Manganese(IV) Oxide by Atomic Layer Deposition

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1003-1011
Author(s):  
Ola Nilsen ◽  
Steinar Foss ◽  
Arne Kjekshus ◽  
Helmer Fjellvåg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Deposition Technique ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition Technique

Needles of manganese(IV) oxide in the nanometer range have been synthesised using the atomic layer deposition technique. Traditionally the atomic layer deposition technique is used for the fabrication of thin films, however, we find that needles of β-MnO2 are formed when manganese(IV) oxide is deposited as relatively thick (ca. 800 nm) thin films on substrates of α-Al2O3 [(001) and (012) oriented]. There is no formation of needles when the film is deposited on substrates such as Si(100) or soda lime glass. The film is formed using Mn(thd)3 (Hthd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione) and ozone as precursors. While thin films (ca. 100 nm) consist of ε′-MnO2,22, 23 the same process applied to thicker films results in the formation of nano-needles of β-MnO2. These needles of β-MnO2 have dimensions ranging from approximately 1.5 μm at the base down to very sharp tips. The nano-needles and the bulk of the films have been analysed by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Influence of Molybdenum Back Contact on the PID Effect for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Salomon ◽  
Wolfram Hempel ◽  
Oliver Kiowski ◽  
Erwin Lotter ◽  
Wolfram Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Window Layer ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Back Contact ◽  
Doping Density ◽  
Soda Lime Glass Substrate

The authors investigated the effect of an applied high voltage (1 kV) across the thickness of a soda-lime glass substrate of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells. Two types of CIGS cells were tested, differing only in the deposition process of the molybdenum (Mo) back contact. Whilst one cell type was susceptible to potential induced degradation (PID), the other exhibited highly increased stability against PID. PID occurs for PID-susceptible cells after the transfer of a certain amount of charge through the soda-lime glass substrate when the Mo back contact of the cell operates as a cathode (negatively biased versus backside of the substrate). Capacitance–voltage and electron-beam-induced current measurements showed an enlarged space charge region expanding to the Mo back contact and a lowered doping density by a negative potential for PID-susceptible cells. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) revealed an accumulation of sodium (Na) in the solution-grown CdS buffer layer and a segregation on the surface of the ZnO:Al window layer for higher charges for PID-susceptible cells. Cells with increased PID immunity did not show an increase of Na for charges up to around 9 mC/cm². We demonstrate that it is possible to improve the PID stability of CIGS solar cells by modification of the molybdenum back contact.

Preparation of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films from In–Ga–Se precursors for high-efficiency solar cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 4514-4520 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nishiwaki ◽  
T. Satoh ◽  
S. Hayashi ◽  
Y. Hashimoto ◽  
T. Negami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Precursor Film ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron

Growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) films from In–Ga–Se precursors was characterized by scanning Auger electron spectroscopy (SAES), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In–Ga–Se precursor layers were deposited on Mo-coated soda-lime glass, and then the layers were exposed to Cu and Se fluxes to form CIGS films. The SIMS and SAES analyses showed a homogeneous distribution of Cu throughout the CIGS films during the deposition of Cu and Se. The phase changes observed in the CIGS films during the deposition of Cu and Se on the In–Ga–Se precursor films were as follows: (In,Ga)2Se3 →[Cu(In,Ga)5Se8] →Cu(In,Ga)3Se5 →Cu(In,Ga)Se2. The grain size increased from the submicron grains of the (In,Ga)2Se3 precursor film to several micrometers in the stoichiometric Cu(In,Ga)Se2 film. A growth model of CIGS crystals is introduced on the basis of the results of TEM observations. CIGS crystals are mainly grown under (In,Ga)-rich conditions in the preparation from In–Ga–Se precursor films.

Fabrication of Er3+/Pr3+ Co-doped Soda-lime Glass Thin Films Using RF Magnetron Sputtering Method and Optical Property Characterization

2005 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hoon Shin ◽  
Sung-Dae Kim ◽  
Jong-Ha Moon ◽  
Jin Hyeok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Co Doped

AbstractEr3+/Pr3+ co-doped soda-lime glass thin films have been fabricated using RF magnetron sputtering method and their structural and optical properties have been studied. Deposition rate, crystallinity, and composition of glass thin films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron probe micro area analysis. Refractive index, birefringence and binding characteristics have been investigated using a prism coupler and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Er3+/Pr3+ co-doped soda lime glass thin films were prepared by changing substrate temperature (room temp.∼550 ), RF power (90W∼150W), and Ar/O2 gas flow ratio at processing pressure of 4mTorr. Glass thin films could be obtained at the optimized processing condition at 350, RF power (130W), and gas flow (Ar:O2=40:0) with maximum deposition rate of 1.6νm/h. Refractive index increased from 1.5614 to 1.5838 and birefringence increased from 0.000154 to 0.000552 as the content of Pr3+ increased. Binding energy of Pr3d increased as the content of Pr3+ increased.

Highly efficient biocide silver-doped soda lime glass for application in water quality optical sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Branimir Bajac ◽  
Jovana Stanojev ◽  
Slobodan Birgermajer ◽  
Milena Radojevic ◽  
Jovan Matovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Highly Efficient

scholarly journals Microfabrication and Surface Functionalization of Soda Lime Glass through Direct Laser Interference Patterning

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Marcos Soldera ◽  
Sabri Alamri ◽  
Paul Alexander Sürmann ◽  
Tim Kunze ◽  
Andrés Fabián Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Direct Laser

All-purpose glasses are common in many established and emerging industries, such as microelectronics, photovoltaics, optical components, and biomedical devices due to their outstanding combination of mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical properties. Surface functionalization through nano/micropatterning can further enhance glasses’ surface properties, expanding their applicability into new fields. Although laser structuring methods have been successfully employed on many absorbing materials, the processability of transparent materials with visible laser radiation has not been intensively studied, especially for producing structures smaller than 10 µm. Here, interference-based optical setups are used to directly pattern soda lime substrates through non-lineal absorption with ps-pulsed laser radiation in the visible spectrum. Line- and dot-like patterns are fabricated with spatial periods between 2.3 and 9.0 µm and aspect ratios up to 0.29. Furthermore, laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) with a feature size of approximately 300 nm are visible within these microstructures. The textured surfaces show significantly modified properties. Namely, the treated surfaces have an increased hydrophilic behavior, even reaching a super-hydrophilic state for some cases. In addition, the micropatterns act as relief diffraction gratings, which split incident light into diffraction modes. The process parameters were optimized to produce high-quality textures with super-hydrophilic properties and diffraction efficiencies above 30%.

scholarly journals Thermophysical Properties of Cement Mortar Containing Waste Glass Powder

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Oumaima Nasry ◽  
Abderrahim Samaouali ◽  
Sara Belarouf ◽  
Abdelkrim Moufakkir ◽  
Hanane Sghiouri El Idrissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Volumetric Specific Heat ◽  
Waste Glass Powder

This study aims to provide a thermophysical characterization of a new economical and green mortar. This material is characterized by partially replacing the cement with recycled soda lime glass. The cement was partially substituted (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60% in weight) by glass powder with a water/cement ratio of 0.4. The glass powder and four of the seven samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The thermophysical properties, such as thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat, were experimentally measured in both dry and wet (water saturated) states. These properties were determined as a function of the glass powder percentage by using a CT-Meter at different temperatures (20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 50 °C) in a temperature-controlled box. The results show that the thermophysical parameters decreased linearly when 60% glass powder was added to cement mortar: 37% for thermal conductivity, 18% for volumetric specific heat and 22% for thermal diffusivity. The density of the mortar also decreased by about 11% in dry state and 5% in wet state. The use of waste glass powder as a cement replacement affects the thermophysical properties of cement mortar due to its porosity as compared with the control mortar. The results indicate that thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat increases with temperature increase and/or the substitution rate decrease. Therefore, the addition of waste glass powder can significantly affect the thermophysical properties of ordinary cement mortar.

X‐ray shielding parameters of lanthanum oxide added waste soda‐lime glass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskender Akkurt ◽  
Kadir Gunoglu ◽  
Recep Kurtuluş ◽  
Taner Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document