scholarly journals INDICATIONS FOR THE PROGRAMMED REMEDIAL RELAPAROTOMIES IN DIFFUSE PERITONITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
A. N. Vachev ◽  
V. K. Koryttsev ◽  
V. Yu. Sherbatenko ◽  
S. S. Skupchenko ◽  
A. M. Krasnoslobodtsev
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Diffuse Peritonitis ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
The People ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

INTRODUCTION. Diffuse peritonitis remains a topical problem of modern medicine and is still associated with high mortality. The OBJECTIVE of this work was to develop an objective and easy-to-perform method for determining the indications for programmed relaparotomy in patients with diffuse peritonitis on the basis of determining the aggressiveness of its course.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The work was based on the results of treatment of 100 patients with diffuse peritonitis. Depending on the pH of the exudate of the peritoneal cavity, the patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of patients with pH value of peritoneal exudate more than 6.2 (75 patients), and the second group consisted of patients with pH value of peritoneal exudate 6.2 and less (25 patients).RESULTS. As a result of the treatment in group I, the mortality rate was 12.0 %. In group II, the mortality rate was 56.0 %. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In group I, 4 patients underwent relaparotomy (5.3 %), and in group II, 17 patients underwent relaparotomy (68.0 %). The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).CONCLUSION. We concluded that at pH value of exudate 6.2 or less and the absence of obvious clinical improvement, the patient had been showed to performance the programmed remedial relaparotomy no later than 48 hours from the first operation.The authors declare no conflict of interest.The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

scholarly journals Aminoglycoside trough levels in neonates

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Pejovic ◽  
Milica Rankovic-Janevski ◽  
Niveska Bozinovic-Prekajski
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Trough Level ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trough Levels

Introduction. Drug safety depends on trough levels. Objective. Objective of the study was to measure gentamicin and amikacin trough levels in neonates and to identify risk groups by gestational and postnatal age. Methods. Gentamicin and amikacin were applied according to the clinical practice guidelines. Trough levels (mg/l) were deter- mined using fluorescence polarization immunoassay methodology. Target trough levels were <2 mg/l for gentamicin, and <10 mg/l for amikacin. Patients were divided in 3 groups by gestational age: I ?32, II 33-36, and III ?37 gestational weeks and, by postnatal age, in 2 groups: ?7 and >7 days. Results. Out of 163 neonates, 111 were receiving gentamicin and 52 amikacin. Mean amikacin trough level was 7.8?4.8 mg/l and, in group I 10.5?4.9 mg/l, which was above the target range and significantly higher than in group II (LSD, p<0.05). In the amikacin group, 26 patients were 7 and less, and 26 more than 7 days old, without significant differences in trough levels between the groups. In the gentamicin group, 52.3% of neonates had trough values within the target range. Gentamicin trough level in group I was above the trough range, 3.7?1.8, 2.3?1.5 in group II and, 1.8?1.4 mg/l in group III. The difference in trough levels among the groups was highly significant (F=9.015, p<0.001, ?2=17. 576, p<0.001). Further analysis revealed that differences between groups I and II (LSD, p=0.002) and between I and III (LSD, p=0.000) were highly significant. Conclusion. Obtained gentamicin and amikacin trough levels are high. Inverse correlation has been confirmed between trough level and gestational age, with highly significant difference, and the risk group has been identified. There is obviously a need to change the dosing regimen in terms of those with extended intervals, particularly for neonates of the lowest gestational age, along with pharmacokinetic measurements.

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of patients with sagittal imbalance of degenerative etiology: a comparison of two methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Evgenii S. Baykov ◽  
Alexey V. Peleganchuk ◽  
Abdugafur J. Sanginov ◽  
Olga N. Leonova ◽  
Aleksandr V. Krutko
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Sagittal Imbalance ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Clinical And Radiological Results

Purpose. Compare the clinical and radiological results of treatment of patients with spinal deformities operated on using the PSO method and corrective fusion in the lumbar spine. Materials and methods. Retrospective monocenter cohort study. The data of 42 patients were analyzed. PSO (group I) was performed in 12 patients; 30 patients had a combination of surgical methods (group II) with mandatory ventral corrective spinal fusion at levels L4-L5, L5-S1. Clinical and radiological parameters were evaluated during hospitalization and at least 1 year later. Results. Postoperative hospitalization in group I 32.5 7.4 days, 27.1 7.4 in group II (p = 0.558758). The duration of the operation in group I was 402.5 55.6 minutes, in group II 526.0 116.2 minutes (p = 0.001124); blood loss 1862.5 454.3 ml versus 1096.0 543.3 ml (p = 0.000171). In both groups, significantly improved clinical and radiological parameters after surgery and after 1 year (p 0.05). In group II, as compared with group I after surgery and more than 1 year: lower back pain according to VAS (p = 0.015424 and p = 0.015424); below ODI after 1 year was (p = 0.000001). In group I, compared with group II after surgery and after 1 year, SVA is less (p = 0.029879 and p = 0.000014), lumbar lordosis is higher (p = 0.045002 and p = 0.024120), LDI is restored more optimally (p = 0.000001 and p = 0.000002), the GAP is lower (p = 0.005845 and p = 0.002639). The ideal Russoly type is restored more often in patients of group II (p = 0,00032). Complications in group I were noted in 12 (100%) patients, in group II in 13 (43.3%) patients (p = 0.001). Conclusions. In multistep surgical treatment compared with PSO, the anterior corrective interbody fusion L4-L5, L5-S1 reliably better and more harmoniously restores the sagittal balance parameters, has significantly lower volume of intraoperative blood loss, fewer perioperative complications and significantly improves the quality of life of patients.

scholarly journals Regarding operative treatment of thoracoabdominal injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Dmitriy G. Amarantov ◽  
Mikhail F. Zarivchatsky ◽  
Andrey A. Kholodar ◽  
Andrey S. Nagaev ◽  
Oleg S. Gudkov
Keyword(s):  
Operative Treatment ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Quality Of Treatment ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Thoracoabdominal Injuries ◽  
Group Ii

Aim. To improve the results of treatment in patients with thoracoabdominal injuries (TAI) by means of creating the method of determining indications for the use of classical or endoscopic surgeries in respect of this pathology. Materials and methods. Seventy-six sufferers from TAI were divided into 2 groups. Results. The method of successive determination of indications for the use of classical or endoscopic surgeries in patients with TAI was created on the basis of treatment of 41 (53.95 %) patients of group II. This method was used to treat 35 (46.05 %) patients of group I. Conclusions. Rational approach to the choice between the use of advantages of classical and endoscopic surgeries depending on characteristics of clinical situation permitted to elevate the quality of treatment in patients with TAI.

NORMALAND ABNORMAL LIQUOR VOLUME AND ITS CORRELATION WITH PERINATAL OUTCOME

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Kumari Nisha ◽  
Renu Jha ◽  
Kumudini Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Apgar Score ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Special Unit ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Four Quadrant

Aim:To assess and compare the perinatal outcome among mothers with normal and abnormal amniotic uid volume. Method: A prospective comparative study was conducted for a period of one year from January 2020 to December 2020. Group I consist of 50 patients with normal amniotic uid and group II consists of 50 patients with either oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios. Amniotic uid index (AFI) was calculated using Phalen's four quadrant technique using ultrasound. The perinatal outcome was judged by assessing the fetal distress predicted by abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) or meconium stained liquor, one minute and 5 minute Apgar score, frequency of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), baby weight of less than 10th percentile for gestation age and perinatal mortality. Results: Induction of labour, caesarean section and meconium stained liquor was found to be most common among the patients in group II (abnormal AFI) in comparison with normal AFI subjects and similarly the perinatal outcome measures like low birth weight, increased frequency of admission to NICU due to respiratory distress and a low APGAR score was more commonly found in abnormal AFI group and the difference was found to be statistically signicant. Conclusion: AFI measurement in antepartum or intrapartum period can help to identify women who need increased antepartum surveillance for pregnancy complications and such women should be managed in a special unit to combat the complications effectively.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Intraoperative and Postoperative Analgesic Requirement

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Keng Sim ◽  
Pei-Chang Xu ◽  
Hwee-Leng Pua ◽  
Guojing Zhang ◽  
Tat-Leang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Postoperative Morphine

Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in experimental and clinical acute pain settings. This study aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative electroacupuncture (EA) on intraoperative and postoperative analgesic (alfentanil and morphine) requirement in patients scheduled for gynaecologic lower abdominal surgery. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Group I (control group) –received placebo EA for 45 minutes before induction of general anaesthesia (GA); Group II –preoperative EA instituted 45 minutes before induction of GA; Group III – 45 minutes of postoperative EA. The Bispectral Index monitor was used intraoperatively to monitor the hypnotic effect of anaesthetic drugs, and alfentanil was titrated to maintain the blood pressure and pulse rate within ±15% of basal values. Postoperative pain was managed by intravenous morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device. Patients in Group II (0.44 ± 0.15μg/kg/min) received less alfentanil than those in Group III (0.58 ± 0.22μg/kg/min) (p=0.024), but not significantly less than those in Group I (0.51 ± 0.21μg/kg/min) (p=0.472). Postoperative morphine consumption was numerically lower in Group II compared with the other groups; however, the difference was statistically significant only during the period of 6–12 hours between Group II [0.03 (0.05) mg/kg] and Group I [0.10 (0.11) mg/kg] (p=0.015), and Group II and Group III [0.08 (0.10) mg/kg] (p=0.010). The 24-hour cumulative morphine consumption for Group II (0.52 ± 0.19mg/kg) was less than that for either Group I (0.68 ± 0.38mg/kg) or Group III (0.58 ± 0.27mg/kg), but the difference did not reach significance. In conclusion, preoperative EA leads to a reduced intraoperative alfentanil consumption, though this effect may not be specific, and has a morphine sparing effect during the early postoperative period.

Changes in Teat Morphology (Doka Phenomenon) and Estrus Prediction in Riverine Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Joshi ◽  
T K Mohanty ◽  
A Kumaresan ◽  
M Bhakat ◽  
S Sathapathy
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
North India ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study was to characterize the term Doka and to capture morphological changes in teat to find out the relationship between Doka and onset of estrus in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). The Murrah buffaloes maintained at of Livestock Research Centre (LRC), ICAR-NDRI, Karnal were classified into two groups based on the lactation number for the study of Doka characteristics. In group I, twenty animals up to 3rd lactation were incorporated, whereas thirty animals from 4th to 5th lactation were included in group II. The period when buffaloes showed teat engorgement was called as Doka period, is the local term used by the farmers in North India that can be taken as a visual sign for prediction of estrus. The length and diameter of teats, before and after milking were measured, for both the groups during morning and evening milking and subsequently analyzed. The present study confirmed that the teat diameter (mm) before milking during Doka was significantly (plessthan0.05) higher as compared to pre Doka period in both the groups (group-I - 37.01 ±2.13 vs 28.42 ±1.64, group-II - 53.49 ±2.82 vs 41.096±2.16). The teat diameter (mm) during Doka period after milking was significantly (plessthan0.05) more in both the groups (group-I - 26.65 ±1.26 vs 24.44 ±1.16, group-II - 39.27 ±2.41 vs 35.31 ±2.17) as compared to pre Doka period. So, it can be concluded that the changes in teat diameter can safely be considered as a sign of Doka and the forthcoming heat in Murrah buffaloes. However, the difference in teat length between different stages of Doka was found to be non significant.

Effectiveness of treatment of tonsillopharyngitis: comparative study

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 917-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khader J. Abdul-Baqi ◽  
Farouk M. N. Shakhatreh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

This study was performed to find out the effectiveness of three different treatments of patients having acute tonsillopharyngitis. Three groups of patients were selected (50 patients in each group). Group I received one antibiotic according to the result of culture and sensitivity test, while groups II and III received two antibiotics or one antibiotic respectively without a culture and sensitivity test. Diagnosis was based on the acutely subjective symptoms of sore throat and positive clinical examination findings. The effectiveness of treatment in group I (96 per cent) was statistically significant (p<0.05) and higher than group II (82 per cent) and group III (74 per cent), while the difference between group II and III was not statistically significant (p>0.05).Our findings demonstrate that a culture and sensitivity test of the throat swab is necessary before treating acute tonsillopharyngitis. It was suggested that there should be appropriate selection of antibiotics to preserve normal flora, avoidance antibiotics for viral infections, patient compliance with prescription and educational programmes directed at patients and physicians. All of these measures would assist in reducing the volume of antibiotic use, bacterial resistance and the overall cost of treatment of tonsillopharyngitis.

Transcervical Drainage for Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis May Be Sufficient

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-Fen Hsu ◽  
Pei-Yin Wu ◽  
Chi-Kung Ho
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mediastinal Drainage ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a serious form of mediastinitis with a high mortality rate. It is caused by the downward spread of an oropharyngeal or cervicofascial infection. The optimal surgical approach for this often fatal disease is controversial. This article describes the authors’ experience and characterizes the surgical strategies and treatment outcomes of patients with DNM. Study Design. Case series with chart review. Setting. A tertiary referral medical center. Subjects and Methods. This study conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with deep neck infections treated at a medical center from 1994 to 2007 and identified 29 patients with DNM. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between patients treated with transcervical drainage alone (group I) and those with both cervical and thoracic drainage (group II). Results. There were 20 patients in group I and 9 patients in group II. The overall mortality rate was 10.3%. The mean duration of the hospital stay was 29.3 ± 15.5 days. There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex distribution, or duration from the appearance of symptoms to hospital admission between the 2 groups. The duration of hospital stay, tracheotomy rate, and mortality rate also did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. However, the numbers of surgeries were significantly higher in group II than in group I. Conclusion. Transthoracic mediastinal drainage is not a compulsory therapy, but timely, aggressive, transcervical mediastinal drainage with extensive debridement is very important for a good outcome when treating DNM patients.

scholarly journals The role of external osteosynthesis in treatment of unstable pelvic osseous injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
N. L. Аnkin ◽  
L. N. Аnkin ◽  
T. M. Petryk ◽  
V. А. Ladyka
Keyword(s):  
External Fixation ◽  
Pelvic Ring ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Pelvic Injuries ◽  
Group I ◽  
Joint Revision ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To specify the role and indications for application of аpparatus of external fixation (АEF) in treatment of unstable pelvic osseous injuries (UPOI); to study up the advantages and faults of the external fixation method; to share the experience of treatment, using this procedure. Маterials and methods. There were 229 patients, suffering pelvic injuries, examined on the base of orthopedic-traumatological centre of Kyiv’s Regional Clinical Hospital in 2005 - 2017 yrs and distributed into three Groups. In Group I 143 (62.4%) injured persons were included, in whom external osteosynthesis played the function of temporary measures of fixation, in Group II - 27 (11.8%) patients, in whom while hospitalization a fracture was fixed, using AEF, аnd after stabilization of the state the posterior pelvis osteosynthesis and reposition was conducted, in Group III - 59 (25.8%) patients, who, using several indications, were definitely treated, applying the external fixation method only. Results. Excellent effect of treatment in Group I was registered in 23 (19.0%), a good one - in 58 (47.9%), satisfactory - in 32 (26.4%), poor - in 8 (6.6%) of 121 patients; in Group II - accordingly, - in 5 (20.8%), 11 (45.8%), 7 (29.2%) and 1 (4.2%) of 24 patients; in Group III - accordingly, in 4 (8.3%), 12 (25%), 23 (47.9%) and 9 (18.6%) of 48 patients. Conclusion. Best results of treatment of patients with unstable pelvic osseous injuries were obtained while applying the tactics of change from external fixation into internal one. On the first stage the pelvic ring fixation, using AEF, was performed, аnd after stabilization of a patient general status - internal osteosynthesis. Application of the internal osteosynthesis method permits to control and stabilize the reposition achieved, to conduct the sacro-ileal joint revision.

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