scholarly journals Production of biopolyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Bacillus cereus RCL 02, a leaf endophyte of Ricinus communis L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rituparna Das ◽  
Arundhati Pal ◽  
Amal K. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Biodegradable Polyesters ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

Endophytic bacteria colonizing the internal tissues of plants have attracted the attention of scientific communities in recent years for production of biodegradable polyesters like polyhydroxyalkanotaes (PHAs). A newly characterized bacterium, Bacillus cereus RCL 02 (GenBank accession no. KX458035), isolated from surface sterilized leaves of Ricinus communis L. has been explored for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], the most common PHA. As revealed by scanning electron microscopy, P(3HB) accumulating cells developed swellings or blebs and released the native granules as a function of autolysis. During growth in glucose containing mineral salts medium under batch fermentation, the isolate produced P(3HB) accounting 68% of its cell dry weight (CDW). Glucose and yeast extract when used in the ratio of 5:1, significantly influenced intracellular biopolyester accumulation (72.2%, CDW and 2.54 g/L). A further increase of polymer production (81%, CDW and 3.17 g/L) was accomplished in presence of 1.5 mM manganese as exogenous metal stress. Moreover, supplementation of the growth medium with non-conventional carbon sources especially refined sugarcane molasses further enhanced the production of both biomass (9.44 g/L) as well as polyester (83.6%, CDW and 7.89 g/L). These finding emphasises exploration of endophytic bacteria of oleaginous plants in general and R. communis L. in particular as potential but hitherto an under exploited bioresource for commercial production of biodegradable polyesters.

scholarly journals Salt-Tolerance in Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) Is Associated with Thicker Roots and Better Tissue K+/Na+ Distribution

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Junlin Zheng ◽  
Gilang B. F. Suhono ◽  
Yinghao Li ◽  
Maggie Ying Jiang ◽  
Yinglong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Young Leaves

Soil salinity is a serious threat to agriculture worldwide. Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is an in-demand oilseed crop containing 40–60% highly valued oil in its seeds. It is moderately sensitive to salinity. Two glasshouse experiments were conducted to assess plant growth and ion tissue distribution in different castor bean genotypes under various salt stress conditions to explore their potential for cultivation on saline land. Experiment 1 evaluated the response of five castor bean genotypes to four salt treatments (0, 50, 100, or 150 mM NaCl) up to 91 days after sowing (DAS). Experiment 2 further evaluated two genotypes selected from Experiment 1 in 1 m deep PVC tubes exposed to 0, 100, or 200 mM NaCl treatment for 112 DAS (Experiment 2). Experiment 1 showed that salt addition (particularly 150 mM NaCl) reduced plant height, stem diameter, shoot and root dry weights, photosynthetic traits, and leaf K+/Na+ ratio while increasing the leaf Na+ concentration of castor bean plants. Two genotypes, Zibo (Chinese variety) and Freo (Australian wild type), were more salt-tolerant than the other tested genotypes. In Experiment 2, salt-stressed Zibo flowered earlier than the control, while flowering time of Freo was not influenced by salt stress. The 200 mM NaCl treatment reduced the total root length and increased the average root diameter of both Zibo and Freo compared to the control. In addition, the 200 mM NaCl treatment significantly decreased total leaf area, chlorophyll content, and shoot and root dry weight of both castor bean genotypes by 50%, 10.6%, 53.1%, and 59.4%, respectively, relative to the control. In contrast, the 100 mM NaCl treatment did not significantly affect these traits, indicating that both genotypes tolerated salt stress up to 100 mM NaCl. In general, Freo had greater salt tolerance than Zibo, due to its higher average root diameter, lower Na+ concentration, and higher K+/Na+ ratio in young leaves under salt conditions. In conclusion, genotype Freo is recommended for cultivation in saline soils and could be used to breed high-yielding and salt-tolerant castor bean genotypes.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Pb Spiked Soils Amended with Iron Impregnated Rice Husk Ash Using Ricinus communis L. (Castor bean)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boda Ravi Kiran ◽  
M.N.V. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

Heavy metals pose a serious risk to the environment and living biota. Pot studies were carried out to determine the competence of Fe-coated rice husk in Pb spiked soils vegetated with Ricinus communis. Physicochemical properties of Fe- coated rice husk ash (Fe-RHA) were characterized on dry weight basis. Pot experiments were carried out with seedlings of R.communis for 60 days amended with Fe-RHA (0, 2.5% and 5% w/w) and Pb(NO3) [0, 400 and 800 mg kg−1]. Addition of Fe-coated rice husk ash to Pb cntaminated soils improved soil pH and fertility. Treatment with 5% Fe-RHA decreased Pb accumulation in roots by 84%. Addition of Fe-RHA significantly (p<0.05) increased plant physiological parameters such as height, leaf diameter, nodes, and leaf number by 64%, 49%, 62% and 66% and chlorophyll contents (12–29%) compared to unamended plants. Our findings conclude that Fe-RHA is a low-cost, environmentally friendly and efficient adsorbent for stabilization of Pb spiked soils.

scholarly journals Identification and Nematicidal Characterization of Proteases Secreted by Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus cereus BCM2

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijing Hu ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Shuanglin Chen ◽  
Shuzhen Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Alkaline Serine Protease ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nematode Cuticle ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

The endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus BCM2 has shown great potential as a biocontrol organism against Meloidogyne incognita, which causes severe root-knot diseases in crops. In our previous study, the metabolite of BCM2 showed high nematicidal activity against the M. incognita second-stage juveniles. However, the mechanism employed by endophytic bacteria to infect and kill nematodes is still unclear. Here, we investigate both the endophytic bacterial extracellular proteins with nematicidal activity and their mechanism of killing nematodes. The first step was detecting the nematicidal activities of crude proteins. The results show that the nematode mortality rate reached 100% within 72 h, and the crude proteins damaged both the cuticle and eggshell, before finally destroying the targets. This suggests possible proteinaceous pathogeny in BCM2. Throughout the process, the fine-detail changes in the nematode cuticle and the intestinal structure were observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. These images show that BCM2 extracellular proteins did not damage the internal organization of the nematode but did severely damage its cuticle, which led to content leakage. From the crude proteins, chitosanase, alkaline serine protease, and neutral protease were purified and identified. The M. incognita–B. cereus BCM2 microenvironment simulation demonstrates that BCM2 adheres to the surface of nematodes and helps the metabolites that were produced by BCM2 to rapidly recognize and kill M. incognita. This relationship between plants, endophytic bacteria, and nematodes offers insight into the biological mechanisms that can be utilized for of nematode management.

Water relationships of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seeds related to final seed dry weight and physiological maturity

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Vallejos ◽  
Déborah Rondanini ◽  
Diego F. Wassner
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Ricinus Communis L

Characterization of aerobic and anaerobic vegetative growth of the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus F4430/73 strain

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rosenfeld ◽  
Catherine Duport ◽  
Assia Zigha ◽  
Philippe Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Complex Iii ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
High Amino Acid ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus ◽  
By Products

The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus cereus is a facultative anaerobe that is still poorly characterized metabolically. In this study, the aerobic vegetative growth and anaerobic vegetative growth of the food-borne pathogen B. cereus F4430/73 strain were compared with those of the genome-sequenced ATCC14579 strain using glucose and glycerol as fermentative and nonfermentative carbon sources, respectively. Uncontrolled batch cultures on several defined media showed that B. cereus strains had high amino acid or pyruvate requirements for anaerobic fermentative growth. In addition, growth performance was considerably improved by maintaining the pH of the culture medium near neutrality. Spectra of fermentation by-products were typically (per mole of glucose) 0.2–0.4 acetate, 1.1–1.4 L-lactate, 0.3–0.4 formate, and 0.05–0.2 ethanol with only traces of succinate, pyruvate, and 2,3-butanediol. These spectra were drastically changed in the presence of 20 mmol nitrate·L–1, which stimulated anaerobic growth. During anaerobic and aerobic respiration, the persistent production of acetate and other by-products indicated overflow metabolisms. This was especially true in glucose-grown cells for which respiratory complex III made only a minor contribution to growth. Surprisingly, oxygen uptake rates linked to the cytochrome c and quinol branches of the respiratory chain were maintained at high levels in anaerobic, respiring, or fermenting cells. Growth and metabolic features of B. cereus F4430/73 are discussed using biochemical and genomic data.Key words: Bacillus cereus, growth, defined media, fermentation, respiration.

scholarly journals A Novel Isolate of Bacillus cereus Promotes Growth in Tomato and Inhibits Clavibacter michiganensis Infection under Greenhouse Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Nallely Solano-Alvarez ◽  
Juan Antonio Valencia-Hernández ◽  
Enrique Rico-García ◽  
Irineo Torres-Pacheco ◽  
Rosalía Virginia Ocampo-Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

The need to produce food in a sustainable way to counteract the effects of excessive use of agrochemicals opens the door to the generation of new technologies that are not based on fossil fuels and are less toxic to ecosystems. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) could represent an alternative to chemical biofertilizers and pesticides offering protection for biotic and abiotic stresses. In this work, a bacterial isolate from roots of castor bean (Ricinus communis) was identified and named as Bacillus cereus strain “Amazcala” (B.c-A). This isolate displayed the ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce gibberellic acid (GA3). Moreover, this bacterium provided significant increases in height, stem width, dry weight, and total chlorophyll content in tomato plants. Interestingly, B.c-A also significantly decreased the severity of bacterial canker disease on tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cmm) in preventive disease assays under greenhouse conditions. Based on our results, B.c-A can be considered as PGPB and a useful tool in Cmm disease control on tomato plant under greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and Rutin production of Ricinus communis L. plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
The Media

Ricinus communis L. is an important medical plant hence it contains many active compounds. The aim of this research is to study the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and Rutin concentration. A combination of Benzyle adenine (BA) and Indol Acetic acid (IAA) at (0.0,1.0,2.0) mg/L was added to the media, the highest fresh weight of the induced callus from stem explant was (4.97) gr . at (1.0,1.0) mg/L BA and IAA consenquently the same combination gave the highest dry weight of callus (0.42) gr. while the combination at (2.0,1.0) mg/L BA and IAA gave the highest fresh weight of induced callus from Leaves explant (5.28) gr., then (2.0,1.0) mg/L BA and IAA gave the highest dry weight for callus induced from leaves at (0.55)gr.Spectrophotometer used to estimate rutin quantity and results showed that the present of rutin at (126.31) ppm in callus induced from stem at (2.0,2.0) mg/L BA and IAA, the highest value of this compound (121.05) ppm on callus induction from the leaves in the same combination as compared with Rutin quantity in intact plant that reached (94.73) ppm in leaves and (68.42) ppm in stem.

Biocompatibility of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesized by Bacillus cereus BMH

2012 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hong Bian ◽  
Wen Feng Hu ◽  
Xu Pang ◽  
Yong Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biological polyesters synthesized by many bacteria. The polyesters became the focus of research because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and the similar physical and chemical properties to those of petroleum derived plastics. A gram-positive strain was isolated from domesticated activated sludge and identified as Bacillus cereus BMH. B. cereus BMH can synthesize PHAs using a wide range of carbon sources. After 36h cultivation in shaken flasks, cell dry-weight was 5.31g/l, PHAs content was 61.2% of cell dry weight which is higher than some other B. cereus reported. The PHAs films showed irregular porous structure under scanning electron microscopy. Biocompatibility of the polyester was evaluated in detail in this article. The polymer was proved of good biocompatibility through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fluorescence microscopy observation and CCK-8 assay. It was indicated that the biological polymer had desirable material properties as tissue engineering biomaterials

UTILIZAÇÃO DE METODOLOGIA DE PLANEJAMENTO EXPERIMENTAL PARA DESTOXICAÇÃO DO FARELO DE MAMONA (Ricinus communis L.) EM SECADOR ELÉTRICO DE BANDEJA

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
M.S. Silva ◽  
S.A. Ramalho ◽  
L.C. Macedo ◽  
J.J.S. Moreira ◽  
N. Narain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ricinus Communis L

Effect of Municipal Solid Waste on Germination of Ricinus communis L. in Dump Sites Meerut, Uttar Pradesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Rai Yashwant ◽  
A.K. Shukla ◽  
Pal Sunder ◽  
Parul ◽  
K. Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Ricinus Communis L
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