scholarly journals Effect of Primed and Un-Primed Seeds on Germination, Growth Performance and Yield in Okra [Abelmoscus esculentus (L.) Moench]

Author(s):  
Ankit Adhikari ◽  
Amit Shrestha

This research was conducted to overcome the problem of slow and erratic emergence in okra and to find out the effects of priming on germination, growth performance and yield in okra at Research Field of Nepal Polytechnic Institute (NPI) Bharatpur-11, Chitwan, Nepal (April-July, 2019). Arka Anamika variety was used for experiment. The experiment was laid out in Randomize Complete Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications, i.e. T1 (hormonal priming with IBA), T2 (hydro priming with fresh tap water), T3 (halo priming with NaCl), T4 (chemo priming with liquid urea) and T5 (un-primed seeds). Field experiment results showed that priming proved effective in improving germination percent except the chemo priming, reducing the mean germination time (MGT), improving the growth parameters (plant height, number of branches, plant canopy and number of leaves) and improving yield contributing characters like fruit length, fruit diameter as compared to un-primed seeds. The highest and lowest germination percentages were found in hydro priming and hormonal priming respectively while better growth performance in hormonal and chemo priming. Similarly, hormonal and hydro priming resulted in higher yield. Hence, it is suggested that seed priming is important to improve the overall germination, growth performance and yield in okra.

Author(s):  
Kareen Lynn E. Negado

This study evaluates the growth performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) utilizing various fermented products as organic fertilizers. Growth performance is determined through the plant’s weight and leaves and significant differences in growth among various treatments: (a) fish trash, (b) scrap seaweeds, (c) kangkong, and control groups urea (positive) and water (negative) was also determined. Kangkong leaves are fermented for 10 days, fish trash for 14 days and 1 month for seaweeds. Lettuce seeds are sown before transplanting (15 days after germination) into pots and placed in raised beds. Randomized complete block design is utilized in the experiment. Growth performance is measured through the number of leaves 10, 20, and 30 days after transplant and mass of plant upon harvest. After 30 days, the lettuce was harvested. Based on the findings, the soil and fermented products are acidic and the needed organic matter for optimum growth of lettuce are not sufficient as well as some nutrients of the fermented products. Among the organic fertilizers, kangkong at 30 ml performs best in terms of the growth performance of lettuce. Urea performs best in terms of the mass upon harvest. Significant differences exist in the mean number of leaves of lettuce treated with various amounts of organic fertilizers with the plants that receive urea. Lettuce produce more number of leaves and with the highest mass upon harvest when treated with urea compared with organic fertilizers applied after 30 days from transplant. Keywords: fermented kangkong; fish trash; growth performance; lettuce; scrap seaweeds


Author(s):  
Sandeep Singh ◽  
Saket Mishra ◽  
Sudhir Singh Jamwal ◽  
Vijay Bahadur

Aims: The aim of controlling vegetative growth of Chandler strawberry cultivar using pusa hydogel (25 g and 50 g), Cycocel (500 ppm and 1000 ppm) and triacontanol (100 ppm and 150 ppm). Study Design: The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out at Central Research Field Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj - 211007, U.P. (India) during the year 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Methodology: A field experiment was conducted with 27 treatments. The observations were recorded on vegetative, flowering and fruiting traits. The mean data were subjected to the various statistical analyses. Results: In vegetative characters, maximum plant height 18.65 cm, 15.75 cm and 17.20 cm, number of leaves per plant 15.60, 14.66 and 15.13, plant spread 21.77 cm, 21.32 cm and 21.55 cm, petiole length 21.77 cm, 21.32 cm and 21.55 cm during both the years and pooled of study were recorded in T20 [Triacontanol (150 ppm) + Pusa hydrogel (50 gram)], whereas minimum values for these parameters were recorded with control and T4 (Cycocel -1000 ppm). In the Floral and Fruiting characters, earliest flowering 54.60 days, 55.31 days and 54.96 days, highest number of flowers plant-1 12.57, 12.07 and 12.32, earliest fruiting 69.13 days, 70.40 days and 69.77 days, maximum fruit length 5.20 mm, 4.89 mm and 5.05 mm and fruit width  3.43 mm, 3.38 mm and 3.41 mm for two successive years and pooled were recorded in T23 [Triacontanol (150 ppm) + Cycocel (500 ppm) +  Pusa hydrogel (50 gram)]; while Late flowering (50.20 days) and minimum number of flowers plant-1 and other characters were recorded in T0. Conclusion: On the basis of present investigation, it is concluded that the treatment T23 [Triacontanol (150 ppm) + Cycocel (500 ppm) + Pusa hydrogel (50 gram)] was found best in terms of flowering and fruiting parameters of strawberry while maximum growth parameters were recorded under treatment T20 [Triacontanol (150 ppm) + Pusa hydrogel (50 gram)].


Author(s):  
Yohanna J, A. ◽  
Muhammad A, M.

Field experiment was carried out during 2010 rainy season to find the effect of seeding rate on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmuschus esculentus) in Zuru Northern Guinea Savannah. Zuru is located in Zuru Local government area of Kebbi State (Latitude 11o 251 to 11o 551 North and Longitude 4o 51 to 5o 251 East of the equator). The experiment consisted of three treatments that is planting okra at one plant per stand (S1), two plants per stand (S2) and three plants per stand (S3). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three time. The result of the experiment has shown that plant height and number of leaves/plant at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (    WAP) were significantly influenced by seeding rate (P<0.05). At 3, 6 and 9 WAP tallest plants were obtained from okra plants planted at three plants/stand (27.83, 54.0 and 77.0cm) respectively followed by okra planted at two plant/stand (24.77, 50.67 and 74.33 leave/plant respectively ). However, more number of leaves/plant were obtained from okra plant at one plant/stand (9.67, 24.67 and 48.0 leaves/plant respectively) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (8.33, 18.33 and 36.33 leaves/plant respectively). Seeding rate had significant influence on time of 50 percent flowering with one plant/stand first attaining 50 percent flowering stage just within 36.33 days followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (38 days). The mean fresh fruit yield of okra was also significantly influenced by seeding rate with the highest yield of fresh fruits obtained from three plants/stand (83.34/ha) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (55.56/ha). However, the result of the findings recommends that, okra should be planted at two plants/stand for medium sized and marketable okra fresh fruits since at three plants/stand leads to the production of undersized fresh fruits which do not often attract customers. At one plant/stand, there seemed to be early fruiting and bigger sized fresh fruits but low total yield due to underutilization of land resource/space. Planting at one plant/stand should therefore be avoided


Author(s):  
Y. Rajasekhara Reddy ◽  
G. Ramanandam ◽  
P. Subbaramamma ◽  
A. V. D. Dorajeerao

A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2018-2019, at college farm, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laidout in a Randomised Block Design with eleven treatments (viz., T1- NAA @ 50 ppm, T2-NAA @ 100 ppm, T3-GA3 @ 50 ppm,  T4-GA3 @ 100 ppm, T5-Thiourea @ 250 ppm, T6-Thiourea @ 500 ppm, T7-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.1 ppm, T8-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.2 ppm, T9-Triacontinol @ 2.5 ppm, T10-Triacontinol @ 5 ppm, T11-(Control) Water spray) and three replications. The treatments were imposed at 30 and 45 DAT in the form of foliar spray. Foliar application of GA3@ 100 ppm (T4) had recorded the maximum plant height (108.20 cm), leaf area (9.53 cm2) and leaf area index (0.74). Foliar application of thiourea @ 250 ppm (T5) had recorded the maximum values with respect to number of primary branches (15.03 plant-1), number of secondary branches (83.40 plant-1), plant spread (1793 cm2 plant-1), fresh weight (376.29 g plant-1), dry weight (103.54 g plant-1) and number of leaves plant-1((298.8). The same treatment (T5) had recorded the highest values with respect to crop growth rate (1.44 gm-2d-1), chlorophyll-a (1.40 mg g-1), chlorophyll-b (0.076 mg g-1) and total chlorophyll contents (1.48 mg g-1) in the leaves.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
Supriadi Hartanto ◽  
Irsal ◽  
Asil Barus

This research was conducted to determine the growth of red sugarcane seedling on pruning and frequency of watering. This research was conducted in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture University of Sumatera Utara (± 25 m asl) from June-October 2017 using Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications. The first factor was pruning (control, 1, and 2 months/plant) as well as the second factor was the frequency of watering (1, 3, 5, and 7 days/plants). The variable observed were plant height, a number of leaves, stem diameter, a number of the tiller, shoot wet weight, root wet weight, and shoot-root ratio. The results showed that the frequency of watering treatment had a significant effect on the number of a leaf (4,6,8,10 and 12 weeks after plant), stem diameter (4,6,8,10 and 12 weeks after plant), shoot wet weight, and root wet weight. Pruning treatment had no significant effect on all variables observed. The interaction of both has no significant effect on all variables observed.


Author(s):  
François Wenemi Kagambèga ◽  
Abdoul Rasmane Bagagnan ◽  
Augustine Ayantunde ◽  
Louis Sawadogo

Aims: An experiment was conducted to compare the growth performance of two varieties of Moringa oleifera (wild variety and PKM-1) under different seasonal period at two locations in northern Burkina Faso, and the potential for improving household nutrition. Study Design, Place and Duration of Study: Two separate trials corresponding to sowing period (cold and warm) were laid out at each site (Bani and Tougou) in a completely randomized block design with three replicates between December 2017 and September 2018. Methodology: Each block was subdivided into two plots of 8 m² (separated from each other by 3 m break) intended to receive each variety of Moringa at each sowing period. The seeds were sown with 2 seeds by pit at 2 cm depth with spacing of 0.5 m x 0.5 m in each plot ploughed up to 30 cm. Watering was done daily during the dry season and consisted of applying 24 liters of water in each plot at two times. Vegetative growth measurements (plant height, number of leaves) were done weekly while leaf biomass production was assessed monthly from the 40th day after sowing. Results: The results showed that seedlings growth parameters and foliar biomass differed significantly (p < 0.001) among the two Moringa oleifera varieties and were influenced by the sowing period and sites. Although the two varieties grew well, Moringa oleifera var PKM-1 grew faster and produced much leaves compared to the wild or local variety. Then, greater growth attributes (height and number of leaves) and foliar biomass were noted for PKM-1. Conclusion: The warm period (March / April) appear to be the most recommendable period for the growth and biomass accumulation of the two varieties of Moringa oleifera.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
MUCHAMAD YUSRON ◽  
CHEPPY SYUKUR ◽  
OCTIVIA TRISILAWATI

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Penggunaan varietas jahe yang responsif terhadap pemupukan dosis<br />rendah, diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan dan<br />menekan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk<br />mengetahui respon lima aksesi jahe putih kecil terhadap pemupukan dosis<br />rendah telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu pada bulan<br />Agustus 2009 sampai Mei 2010. Lima aksesi jahe putih kecil dari daerah<br />marginal ditanam dalam polibag dan disusun menggunakan rancangan<br />acak kelompok yang diulang 3 kali. Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 20<br />tanaman. Dua perlakuan yang diuji secara faktorial adalah, faktor I adalah<br />5 aksesi jahe putih kecil, yaitu (1) Ziof 0004, (2) Ziof 0007, (3) Ziof 0008,<br />(4) Ziof 0013, dan (5) Ziof 0014, dan faktor II adalah dosis pupuk, yaitu<br />(a) 50% dosis anjuran (200 kg/ha urea + 150 kg/ha SP-36 + 150 kg/ha<br />KCl), (b) 75% dosis anjuran (300 kg/ha urea + 225 kg/ha SP-36 + 225<br />kg/ha KCl), dan (c) dosis anjuran (400 kg/ha urea + 300 kg/ha SP-36 +<br />300 kg/ha KCl). Masing-masing perlakuan diberi pupuk kandang sebagai<br />pupuk dasar dengan dosis 20 t/ha. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap<br />parameter pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, diameter batang,<br />dan jumlah daun), hasil dan serapan unsur hara N, P, dan K pada umur 4<br />BST dan 9 BST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing<br />aksesi memberikan respon yang berbeda terhadap penurunan dosis pupuk,<br />baik pada fase pertumbuhan maupun produksi tanaman jahe. Pengurangan<br />dosis pupuk sampai 25% tidak mengurangi produksi jahe, tetapi penurunan<br />dosis pupuk sampai 50% dari dosis rekomendasi menyebabkan penurunan<br />produksi jahe secara nyata. Komposisi unsur hara N, P, dan K yang<br />diserap berbeda pada setiap fase pertumbuhan tanaman.<br />Kata kunci : Aksesi, Zingiber officinale, pemupukan, pertumbuhan,<br />produksi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Response of five accessions of small white ginger to<br />fertilizers<br />The use of ginger varieties responsive to low fertilization dosages,<br />is expected to increase fertilizer use efficiency and reduce environmental<br />pollution. Research aimed at observing response of five small white ginger<br />accessions of low-dosage fertilization has been conducted in the Cimanggu<br />Experimental Station in from August 2009 through May 2010. Five small<br />white ginger accessions from marginal areas were planted in polybags.<br />The experiment was and arranged using a randomized block design was<br />repeated with 3 times replications. Each treatment consisted of 20 plants.<br />Two treatments were tested factorially, where factor I : 5 small white<br />ginger accessions, namely (1) Ziof 0004, (2) Ziof 0007, (3) Ziof 0008, (4)<br />Ziof 0013, and (5) Ziof 0014, and factor II : 3 fertilization dosages is<br />dosage of fertilizer, namely (a) 50% recommendation dosage (200 kg urea<br />+ 150 kg SP-36 + 150 kg KCl per hectare), (b) 75% recommendation<br />dosage (300 kg urea + 225 kg SP-36 + 225 kg KCl per hectare), and (c)<br />recommendation dosage (400 kg Urea + 300 kg SP-36 + 300 kg KCl per<br />hectare). Each treatment was given 20 t/ha of manure as basal fertilizer.<br />The parameters observed were growth parameters (plant height, number of<br />tillers, stem diameter, and number of leaves), yield and nutrient uptake of<br />N, P, and K at 4 and 9 months after planting (MAP). The results showed<br />that each of the accessions responded differently to the reduction of<br />fertilizer dosages, either in vegetative or generative growth phase of ginger<br />plants. Reduction of fertilizer dosages to 25% did not significantly reduce<br />the yield of ginger, however, fertilizer dosages reduction up to 50% of the<br />recommended dosages led to significant decrease of ginger yield.<br />Compositions of N, P, and K nutrients absorbed by plants were different in<br />every phase of plant growth.<br />Keywords : Accessions, Zingiber officinale, fertilizer, growth, yield</p>


2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
M. M. Olorukooba ◽  
R. Suleiman ◽  
O. Olukotun ◽  
R. Mohammed ◽  
E. Apene ◽  
...  

Field trials were carried out during 2018 and during 2019 dry season periods at Federal College of Forestry and Mechanization Afaka Kaduna, located between latitude 10° 35”N and longitude 007° 21”E at altitude 644 m above sea level, to determine the effects of organic manure source and weeding frequencies on growth parameters of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorious). The experimental treatments consists of ten combinations of poultry manure + weed free, cow dung + weed free, goat dropping + weed free, poultry manure + weeding at 2 WAT, cow dung + weeding at 2 WAT, goat dropping + weeding at 2 WAT, poultry manure + weeding at 4 WAT, cow dung + weeding at 4 WAT, goat dropping + weeding at 4 WAT and  no organic manure application + no weeding which were laid out in a randomize complete block design (RCBD) and replicated 3 times The growth parameters observed  and measured were crop vigour score, plant height, shoot diameter, number of leaves and number of  primary branches. Result of the study showed that at harvest (8 WAT) all the treatments significantly affected the vigour of jute mallow crop and gave comparable score than the least observed with no nutrient + no weeding as control. The result revealed that plant growth at harvest exhibited significantly taller plant with application of poultry manure + weeding at 2 WAT. In conclusion the result obtained from the study showed that poultry manure at 4 tons /ha + weeding at 4 WAT resulted in taller plant height, wider shoot diameter, increased number of leaves, number of branches than all other treatment due to lower weed infestation, it is therefore recommended as the best treatment combination to obtained the best growth rate of jute mallow.


Nabatia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Pradana ◽  
Al Machfudz WDP

This study aims to determine the application of potassium fertilizer and chicken manure to the growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalanicum L.). The study used a randomized block design with 2 factors repeated 3 times. Factor 1: Potassium Fertilizer 40,60,80 kg/ha. Factor 2: Chicken Manure 5,10,15 tons/ha. The results showed that the application of potassium fertilizer and chicken manure did not interact with either the growth phase or the production phase of the plant on all observation variables, while the potassium fertilizer treatment showed significantly different results only on the plant vegetative growth parameters, namely the number of leaves at the age of 7 days after planting, namely ( 8,111 strands), while the vegetative phase had no significant effect on the number of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per plot, dry weight of sun-dried tubers per clump, and dry weight of sun-dried tubers per plot. While the treatment of chicken manure had a significant effect on the vegetative growth phase of plants, namely the length of plants at 28 DAP (30.278 cm) and 35 DAP (32.704 cm), on the number of leaves at 7 DAP (8,000 strands). While the generative phase (60 DAP) significantly affected the number of tubers per clump, namely (5,889 grams), wet weight of tubers per clump (38,333 grams), wet weight of tubers per plot (319,000 grams), dry weight of sun-dried tubers per clump. namely (23.074 grams), and the dry weight of sun-dried tubers per plot (191.889 grams).


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ibnu Rizki Perdana ◽  
Mieke Rochimi S ◽  
Pujawati Suryatmana

Chili (Capsicum annum L) was one of the vegetable commodities that have a significant  economic value. Farmland narrowed due to land conversion led to a shift of fertile agricultural lands into marginal lands such as saline land. This research aimed to determine respond of chili plant growth  to salinity stress in Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted in August-October 2020 with located at Ciparanje Experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. This research used randomized block design using four level treatment of NaCl concentration: 0 dS/m (a0), 2 dS/m (a1), 4 dS/m (a2), and 6 dS/m (a3). The result showed that there was no significant between treatment soil salinization of plant growth parameters like plant height and shoot root ratio but significant of number of leaves at 7 day after plant and canopy width at 28 day after plant on treatment salinization 6 dS/m.


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