Attending Physician Perceptions of the Benefits and Disadvantages of Teaching Medical Students on Clinical Clerkships at a Regional Medical Campus

BACKGROUND: North American medical schools are now creating regional medical campuses (RMCs) to train more physicians to meet the healthcare needs of rural and underserved populations. Part-time and volunteer faculty must be recruited and retained to teach medical students engaged in clinical experiences at these RMCs. Physician educators report being positively motivated by the presence of medical students but also report increased time constraints. There is a paucity of information regarding the impact on attending physicians of teaching medical students at RMCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the benefits and disadvantages for attending physicians at a rural regional medical campus on having medical students on their services during clinical rotations. METHODS: An online questionnaire was sent to 62 Kansas University School of Medicine-Salina (KUSM-S) clinical faculty members that supervised third and/or fourth year medical students in clinics and/or the hospital. Physicians were queried as to the benefits and disadvantages of supervising medical students. RESULTS: Thirty-six physicians completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 58%. The majority of respondents felt positively about having medical students on their service: 92% of respondents enjoyed having medical students in clinic/hospital, 81% agreed that having a medical student working with them was personally beneficial, and 72% agreed that the presence of medical students increased their job satisfaction. Fifty-six percent of respondents reported that having medical students with them in the clinic/hospital decreased the number of patients they were able to see and that additional incentive would encourage them to remain a teaching faculty member. CONCLUSIONS: Attending physicians at KUSM-S report that they enjoy having medical students on their service and that it increases job satisfaction; however, teaching medical students is time consuming and may decrease productivity. Adequate financial compensation for physician teachers at RMCs may be necessary to ensure successful delivery of the educational product.

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Motivating Information Technology Professionals: The case of New Zealand

Australasian Journal of Information Systems ◽

10.3127/ajis.v21i0.1421 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shoaib Ahmed ◽

Nazim Taskin ◽

David J. Pauleen ◽

Jane Parker

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

New Zealand ◽

Turnover Intention ◽

Professional Growth ◽

Critical Role ◽

Positive Association ◽

It Professionals ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

The Impact

IT professionals play a critical role in organizations. Research indicates that they may be unique in their attitudes toward motivation and job satisfaction. In New Zealand, a shortage of skilled professionals may contribute to or impact on motivation. Using a modified model of Herzberg’s two-factor theory by Smerek and Peterson (2007), this research seeks to answer the question: what motivates New Zealand IT professionals? In response, an online questionnaire was distributed to a population of New Zealand IT professionals and the data analysed using Partial Least Squares to understand the relationship between the various dimensions of job satisfaction, the impact of personal and job characteristics, and turnover intention. The findings show that the New Zealand IT professional is primarily motivated by the nature of his or her work, followed by perceptions of responsibility, and how supervisors encourage an environment for such. Satisfaction with salary is a predictor to a lesser degree. Perhaps somewhat surprisingly, professional growth opportunities, career advancement, and recognition do not have a statistically-significant positive association with motivation. We conclude that, to motivate their IT workforce, organizations should: 1) focus on the nature of the jobs that IT professionals undertake; 2) train supervisors to provide an empowering environment; 3) offer competitive salaries to retain top talent; 4) not hesitate to employ IT professionals born outside New Zealand; and 5) take account of the singularities of the New Zealand labour market in seeking to attract, recruit and retain IT professionals. Implications for policy, practice and theory are discussed.

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The soft side of TQM and teachers job satisfaction: an empirical investigation in primary and secondary education

The TQM Journal ◽

10.1108/tqm-11-2020-0269 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Niki Glaveli ◽

Fotios Vouzas ◽

Myrsine Roumeliotou

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Continuous Improvement ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Measurement Scales ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Content Type ◽

Primary And Secondary Education ◽

Appraisal Systems ◽

The Impact

PurposeThe current study provides insights on the application of critical soft TQM practices in primary and secondary education and their impact on teachers' job satisfaction (TJS).Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of the literature related to TQM application in primary and secondary education, six soft TQM elements were traced as critical to the success of TQM implementation in the school environment: participation/involvement in continuous improvement, teamwork, empowerment, appraisal systems/recognition and reward for quality, training and development (T&D) and leadership (vision/commitment to quality culture). Moreover, their relationship to JS was theoretically founded and empirically tested. An online questionnaire was used as the research instrument. The participants were 200 primary and secondary public school teachers working in urban, semi urban and rural regions of Greece. After assessing the validity and reliability of the measurement scales, multiple regression analysis was applied to test the hypothesized relationships.FindingsThe research findings revealed that leadership and empowerment are the most highly implemented TQM practices in primary and secondary education. Moreover, participation/involvement, appraisal systems/recognition and rewards and leadership were the TQM elements that had a positive association with TJS.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of the study are of help to school principals and policy-makers in order to design and implement TQM policies that advance the quality of teaching and the effectiveness of processes in the primary and secondary education system, as well as to satisfy and motivate teachers for continuous improvement.Originality/valueThis was, to the best of our knowledge, the first study that has explored the impact of soft TQM elements on TJS.

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Multiple Medical Students on a Clerkship Team: Do They Affect Each Others’ Grades?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44283/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Krishan K. Sharma ◽

Yuchiao Chang ◽

Eli Michael Miloslavsky

Keyword(s):

Internal Medicine ◽

Medical Students ◽

Student Performance ◽

Student Perceptions ◽

Response Rate ◽

Medicine Clerkship ◽

Internal Medicine Clerkship ◽

Student Grades ◽

Attending Physicians ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Medical students are often paired together on clinical teams during their clerkships, but the effect of this practice on student performance is unknown. The primary objectives of this study were (1) to retrospectively assess whether students paired together on a medical team during their Internal Medicine sub-internship affected each other’s grade and (2) to survey medical students’ perceptions on the impact of pairing on their evaluations. Methods We examined clerkship grades of 186 student-pairs at 3 sub-internship hospital sites of Harvard Medical School from 2013-2017. To evaluate student perceptions we administered a survey to the graduating class of 2018. Results There was no significant deviation between the expected and observed distribution of student grades (p=0.39) among 186 student pairs, suggesting that pairing had no meaningful effect on the sub-internship grade. We also saw no effect when controlling for prior internal medicine clerkship performance (p=0.53). We then surveyed students in the 2018 graduating class assessing student perceptions on pairing. Of the 99 respondents (59% response rate), 90% and 87% of respondents felt that being paired affected their evaluations by resident and attending physicians, respectively. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that paired medical students do not meaningfully affect each others’ grades, despite the majority of surveyed students believing that being paired affects their evaluations. Awareness of student perceptions regarding pairing can inform clerkship structure and be utilized to address student concerns.

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A Simulation Approach to Evaluate the Effect of Demographic Changes on Healthcare Demand

10.21203/rs.3.rs-62933/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bozena Mielczarek

Keyword(s):

Older Age ◽

Population Projections ◽

Regional Health ◽

Demographic Trends ◽

Admission Rates ◽

Healthcare Needs ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Gender Groups ◽

The Impact ◽

Des Model

Abstract Background: The world’s changing demographic trends inevitably lead to new challenges in the delivery of healthcare services. As the population ages, the consequent demand for various types of medical treatments changes as well, but the process is not uniform, neither for particular age–gender cohorts nor for different diagnoses’ groups. Medium and long-term forecasts of future healthcare needs, which are crucial at the level of regional health policy decision making, should therefore be built taking into account different scenarios that describe possible alternative changes in population structure.Methods: A discrete event simulation (DES) model was built to forecast future healthcare demand based on population projections for one Polish region. Demographic projections were formulated based on simulation experiments carried out in previous studies. Population forecasts were inputted into the DES model, together with patient data taken from the regional health fund. A simulation was run up to 2030 to predict future healthcare needs of older age–gender groups across different diagnosis categories. An additional experiment was performed with the hypothesis that admission rates for older cohorts will gradually increase starting from 2021.Results: Three scenarios involved different assumptions regarding forecasted population changes as published by the Polish Government Council. The fourth scenario assumed gradually increasing admission rates expressed by the older age–gender groups. The results indicate that the expected small increase in the region's overall population will translate into a bigger increase in the number of patients. The largest increase of hospitalisations is projected for the age groups 7579 and older. The number of patients in the oldest women’s group will be much higher than in the corresponding men’s group. Meanwhile, the forecasted changes for particular disease categories are characterised by a high degree of variation, both in terms of gender and age.Conclusions: A simulation provides wide possibilities for studying the impact of demographic trends in healthcare demand, as it allows conducting analyses in various cross sections. The results show that a change in the demographic structure and in particular, in the population’s ageing, will lead to significant shifts in the distribution of health needs for hospital treatment.

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Frequency Of Awareness And Practice Of Stethoscope Hygiene With Regards To Guide Line Among Medical Students, Residents And Doctors In Karachi

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2018008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (01) ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

Khalid Ahmed ◽

Saifullah Shaikh ◽

Rehana Rehman ◽

Salwa Mansur Ali

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Medical Students ◽

Hard Copy ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Verbal Instructions ◽

Health Care Practitioners ◽

Attending Physicians ◽

The Impact ◽

Guide Lines

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify “implications” of guidelines provided to participants at the end of a survey for improvement in stethoscope hygiene. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2016 in which a questionnaire was designed to know the awareness of stethoscope hygiene among health care practitioners. The questionnaire was distributed to 150 consented participants, out of which 138 complete (92%) responses [49, (32%) attending physicians, 50(33%) residents and 39(26%) medical students]; comprising of 84 (61%) females and 54 (39%) males was acquired. The responses included following consulting clinics (n=30, 22%), wards (n=41, 30%), intensive care units (n=41, 30%) and acute care units (n=26, 18%). At the end of the survey practicing guidelines were discussed and hard copy given to respondents. They were then asked to tell about to the impact of these guide lines on their measures to maintain stethoscope hygiene Results: It was observed that health care practioners consented to start stethoscope cleaning at the start of every clinic, 33.3% showed their intentions for educating others by verbal instructions, and 66.7% were said they will recommend alcohol swab for cleaning of stethoscope. Conclusion: The survey on stethoscope hygiene with practicing guidelines reflects the awareness generated in the respondents. It is further expected that they will disseminate the information and educate others to consider importance of stethoscope sanitation and practice its hygiene

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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Trainees in Southern India - A Prospective Observational Study

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (22) ◽

pp. 1786-1791

Author(s):

Chethana Warad ◽

Arvind Tenagi ◽

Arya Wakankar ◽

Pranitha Satarasi ◽

Umesh Harakuni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

High Stress ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND COVID-19, caused by a new strain of corona virus 2019-nCoV led to a global pandemic after first manifesting in humans in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The government of India ordered a nationwide lockdown for 21 days, which was then extended. Hence, ophthalmology, being a branch which largely deals with elective surgeries, was majorly affected. We need to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on ophthalmology trainees during pandemic in India. METHODS A prospective, observational study in which an online questionnaire (on Google forms) was circulated between 9 th September and 15th September 2020 among ophthalmologists in training. RESULTS 260 of the 550 training ophthalmologists who were approached responded. They were given 31 questions to answer. The average age of the respondents was 27.39 ± 1.92 years of which 72.69 % (189 / 260) were females. 68.08 % (177 / 260) of the respondents had been posted on COVID-19 related duties. 76.5 % (198 / 260) of the respondents agreed that the outpatient load had dropped to < 50 patients per day and 100 % (260 / 260) of the respondents stated that there had been a reduction in number of patients posted for elective surgery. As a result, 64.23 % (167 / 260) responded that it had led to a loss of interest in their daily activities. 74.23 % reported different levels of stress, 73.46 % reported anxiety and some 24.23 % even experienced sleep deprivation. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated that majority of the training ophthalmologists were affected psychologically during the COVID-19 pandemic to varying degrees which included both groups of training ophthalmologists who did or did not perform any COVID related duties. The study therefore has highlighted the increased need for psychologists to identify and help these individuals who may suffer from severe depression, insomnia and high stress levels and provide the necessary help. KEYWORDS COVID-19, Pandemic, Psychological Impact, Ophthalmology Trainees

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The prevalence and related factors of phantom vibration among medical students: A first look in Vietnam

MedPharmRes ◽

10.32895/ump.mpr.3.3.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 23-31

Author(s):

Tran Ngoc Dang ◽

Nguyen Thanh Hoa ◽

Nguyen Phuoc Long ◽

Nguyen Hong An ◽

Tran Le Huy Vu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Ho Chi Minh City ◽

P Value ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Psychiatric Disturbance ◽

Related Factors ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Emotional Factors ◽

The Impact

Background: Phantom vibration (PV) is an illusionary perception in which people perceive their mobile phone vibrates while it actually does not. Recently, PV has attracted attention in psychology and medical field. There are several studies investigating the prevalence and risk factors associated with this phenomenon. However, the findings are inconsistent. The prevalence of PV fluctuates from 21% to 89% among different groups and its mechanism remains unclear. Further understanding is necessary to identify the settings in which PV may harm the population and warrant further exploration. Objectives: This study aims to explore the prevalence of PV among medical students in Ho Chi Minh City and settings that PV can risk people’s health. Relationships between PV and phone usage habits as well as psychiatric disturbance also are investigated. Methods: By using online questionnaire on 377 undergraduate medical students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, the cross-sectional study explored factors associated with PV, including demographic, behavioral phone usage, and mental/emotional factors using the Self Reporting Questionaire - 20 (SRQ-20). The descriptive and association analyses were employed using R software. Results: The study found a significant association between mental/emotional factors (i.e. mental disturbance and phone attachment) and PV (OR=2.15, 95% CI=1.21-3.81, p value=0.009; OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.02-3.01, p value=0.043 respectively), which suggests an important role of mental/emotional factors in explaining the potential mechanism of PV. A high proportion of participants also experienced PV while driving (55.5%) within the last month. This implies the impact of PV possibly becomes significant, causing an increase in the risk of traffic accident due to distracted driving.

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Adaptive tutorials versus web-based resources in radiology: a mixed methods analysis in junior doctors of efficacy and engagement

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-020-02237-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stuart W. T. Wade ◽

Michelle Moscova ◽

Nicodemus Tedla ◽

Daniel A. Moses ◽

Noel Young ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Junior Doctors ◽

Second Phase ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Web Based ◽

Head Ct ◽

Radiology Education ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Radiology education is limited in undergraduate Medicine programs. Junior doctors might not have the necessary background to effectively order and interpret diagnostic imaging investigations. Furthermore, junior doctors are often time-poor, balancing clinical commitments with ongoing learning, leadership and teaching responsibilities. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of radiology-themed online adaptive tutorials for senior medical students. Such adaptive tutorials might therefore be an efficient and effective form of radiology education for junior doctors. Methods A randomised controlled crossover trial was performed to evaluate the impact of adaptive tutorials on learning the indications for, and interpretation of, basic imaging studies, compared with peer-reviewed web-based resources. Ninety-one volunteer junior doctors, comprising 53 postgraduate year 1 (PGY 1) and 38 postgraduate year 2 (PGY 2), were randomly allocated into two groups. In the first phase of the trial, focusing on head CT, one group accessed adaptive tutorials while the other received web-based resources. In the second phase of the trial, focusing on chest CT, the groups crossed over. Following each phase of the trial, participants completed exam-style online assessments. At the conclusion of the study, participants also completed an online questionnaire regarding perceived engagement and efficacy of each type of educational resource. Results Junior doctors completed the adaptive tutorials significantly faster than the relevant web-based resources for both head CT and chest CT (p = 0.03 and < 0.01 respectively). Mean quiz scores were higher in the groups receiving adaptive tutorials on head CT and chest CT (86.4% vs 83.5 and 77.7% vs 75% respectively). However, in contrast to previous studies in senior medical students, these differences were not statistically significant. Participants reported higher engagement and perceived value of adaptive tutorials, compared with web-based resources. Conclusions Adaptive tutorials are more time-efficient than existing web-based resources for learning radiology by junior doctors, while both types of resources were equally effective for learning in this cohort. Junior doctors found the adaptive tutorials more engaging and were more likely to recommend these resources to their colleagues.

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The impact of global health opportunities on residency selection

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02795-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Caitlin Kaeppler ◽

Peter Holmberg ◽

Reena P. Tam ◽

Kelsey Porada ◽

Shanna D. Stryker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Global Health ◽

Underserved Populations ◽

Residency Programs ◽

Electronic Survey ◽

Career Plans ◽

Residency Selection ◽

Fourth Year Medical Students ◽

Recruitment Tool ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background An increasing number of medical trainees across specialties desire and expect Global Health (GH) experiences during training. It is useful for residency programs to know the impact that offering GH opportunities has on resident recruitment. The study objectives were to explore the importance of GH opportunities in residency selection among fourth-year medical students, examine the relationship between interest in GH and career plans, and describe students’ perspectives on prior GH experiences. Methods The authors administered an electronic survey to all fourth-year medical students attending 12 different US institutions in February 2020. Data from the ten schools who were able to comply with the survey distribution methodology and with response rates above 25% were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation. Results A total of 707 fourth-year medical students from the included schools completed the survey out of 1554 possible students (46% response rate). One third of respondents ranked the presence of GH experiences in residency as moderately or very important and 26% felt that the presence of a formal GH curriculum was at least moderately important, with variation noted among specialties. After training, 65% of students envision practicing internationally in some capacity. A desire to care for underserved patients in their careers was significantly correlated with an interest in GH experiences during residency. Conclusions The opportunity to be involved in GH experiences during training can be an important factor for many medical students when considering residency choice, and the availability of these opportunities may be a valuable recruitment tool. Students valuing GH opportunities during residency are more interested in working with underserved populations in their future careers.

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Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress disorders among medical students in Alexandria Faculty of Medicine during COVID-19 pandemic

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.68 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S2-S2

Author(s):

Hesham Adel Sheshtawy ◽

Sarah Hemead ◽

Ahmed Shaheen ◽

Nour Shaheen ◽

Ehab Elrewany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Well Being ◽

Stress Disorders ◽

International Studies ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

The Impact

AimsWe aimed to assess the impact of the current pandemic on the mental well-being of undergraduate medical students of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Egypt.MethodWe designed a structured anonymous online questionnaire and encourage students to fill it in on social platforms. The questionnaire is composed of seven parts, each one includes multiple choice questions aimed to measure the impact of the pandemic on different aspect of daily activities namely: academic performance, social and family relationship, eating and smoking habits, sleep pattern, physical activity and the Depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21). The last part was an open question where participants can state their comments about the experiences during the quarantine and how they affected their mental health.ResultA total of 1181 students from the six academic grades responded. Females and students in the third academic year showed the highest prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress. Overall, most respondents reported that the current pandemic had negative impacts on their academic performance (71%) and social relationship (67.5 %). The majority of the students stated that they became less physically active (74.6%) and 52.2% experienced a weight gain. Despite that 60% of the studied population rated their sleeping quality as ‘’very good’’ and ‘’fairly good’’, 45.3% and 39.6% suffered from increased sleeping hours and disturbed sleep respectively. Based on students’ responses of the DASS-21, over half of the participants (62.2%) were experiencing moderate to extremely severe stress and over 33% were consistent with symptoms of extremely severe anxiety. In respect of depression, nearly half of the sample (46.4%) can be described as having extremely severe depression according to the cut-off points of the DASS-21.ConclusionThe current pandemic has increased the challenges and burdens on undergraduate medical students. These impacts can be more profound in developing countries such as Egypt. The levels of psychiatric symptoms are alarming compared to previous local and international studies. These unprecedented consequences should be addressed promptly through students’ counselling and psychiatric assistance. To date, this is the largest psychiatric and survey-based study conducted on Alexandria Faculty of Medicine.Financial disclosure: The study was not funded by any organization, the authors did not receive any financial aids.

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